History of Origin of Some Clans in India/Jat From Jutland/Jats, their Different Names
History of Origin of Some Clans in India
(with special Reference to Jats)
By Mangal Sen Jindal (1992)
Publisher - Sarup & Sons, 4378/4B, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110002, ISBN 81-85431-08-6
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Chapter 1: Jat From Jutland
Jats, their Different Names
Jats, their Different Names and Spellings in Various Countries and Languages in Eurasia:
Jats according to the language and philosophy of various countries in Eurasia and their dialect are known by different names with different spellings, having almost the same pronunciation though with different accent. They are called Jats in Haryana, U.P. and some other parts of India. They are called Juts in Punjab and Jits in Rajasthan (India).
- In Germany they are called Gotas.
- In Jutland (Denmark) they are Juts;
- in Sweden Gots;
- in Gothland (an island in Baltic sea) they are Goths;
- in Persia and Uzbekistan and the rest of USSR, they are known as Jats;
- in Greece Jaiti;
- in Arabia Jott ;
- in Latin they were called Giate ;
- in Mongolia Jatah;
- in Turkey and Egypt Jatt ;
- in China they were known as Uchi etc. etc.
Please refer to the following authorities in this connection as also reference will be found in other chapters of this work.
The Jat Itihas on page 42 refers to Cunningham, Herodotus and Strabo who said that "Jats in India are descendants of Gaths, Jaiti, Gatti, Juti, Schuchi, are European tribes." Page 44 says that in Persia there were Jut (जत), in Greece Jaiti, in Latin Giate, in China Uchi (यूती) in Rome Geoth. The book at
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page 44 further refers to a research work viz., 'Portholan' by Ch. Dhanraj Singh B.A., P.C.S., Banda page 108 to his works where the scholar has referred to cities established by Jats in European Countries, e.g.,
- (1) Jata (Jativa) in Spain,
- (2) Jatendal in Sweden,
- (3) Jatingan in Persia,
- (4) The land of Jata in Greece,
- (5) Jaton in Dalmatia,
- (6) The Jathingilanbs in Germany.
The book also says that Gazni was a city of Afghanistan and Afganistan was a province of Bharat.
Longman's Senior Atlas for India 1934 Edition on page 33 names the Southern portion of Sweden as 'Gotland' wherein the name of a city is 'Goteborg'. In Baltic Sea, there is a big island which used to be a trade centre of importance sometime back is named 'Gothland', The words are definitely connected with Jats or Goths.
'Jat' is a modern pronunciation of 'Jut'. The original word is 'Jut' which is so pronounced in majority of the clan'. Refer to page 43 of Jat Kshatria Itihas. We hear such terms as 'Jut Devta' and 'Jut Brain'. In Punjab and amongst Sikhs, the word used is 'Jut'. Jat is primarily a martial race who later on adopted to agriculture in India and elsewhere.
'Jats in India are mostly found in : (1) Haryana, (2) Rajasthan, (3) Delhi, (4) Brij, (5) Agra, (6) Meerut, (7) Punjab, (8) Rohel Khand Divisions'. Refer to page 43 of Jat Itihas.
It is rightly believed by many persons that 'Jats' came in India from 'Jutland' (Denmark). It is towards north of Hamburg. It is opposite Edinburgh in Scotland. Please refer to the map.
Jutland (Jatisthan) must necessarily be the 'home' of Juts. It is the same as England is home of English people. You may find English men anywhere in the world and can authentically say that he has got blood relations with England. So is the case with Bilauchistan, the land of Bilauchs: Hindustan, the land of Hindus; Uzbekistan, the land of Uzbeks ; Gothland, the land of Goths ; Finland, the land of Fins; Mangolia, the land of Mangols ; Zulu-land, the land of Zulus; Ghoristan, the land of Ghors ; etc.
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Therefore the Jats of the whole world, by whatever name they are known in their respective countries bear blood ties with the people of Jutland. The peninsula of Denmark was named as Jutland at pages 27 and 33 of Longmens Senior Atlas for India, 1934 Edition. This name finds mention at more than dozens of places in 'Denmark Official Handbook'. It is sometimes after 1935 that the name has been respelt as Jy-land.
Shri Desraj quotes religious book of Scandinavia namely Aidda (एढ़डा) saying that ancient inhabitants of Scandinavia were Jttas (जटैस) and Jits (जिट्स) who were called Aryans and they were originally residents of Asigarh which is situated in district Neemar in Malwa, Jat Itihas page 61.
He further quotes one Scandinavians Mr. Count Jonsturn who says that Scandinavians came from India, Jat Itihas, page 61.
Scandinavia is an in pronunciation of Sanskrit word 'Skandhnabh' (स्कन्धनाभ ), page 61 of Jat Itihas.
Pronunciation of a word in various forms is corroborated by the following quotations:
"There is no greater improbability in deriving Jat, Jaat or Jut, as the tribal name is pronounced in various forms in the different provinces from the Indian Yadava than from the Chinese Yuti of Ye-ta-ll-to" History of Jats by Qanungo, page 19.
"The race is variously designated. It is called Yati, Get, Jaut, Jhat, Jit, Jaat and Jat. It is very numerous in the Punjab and Rajasthan and in both places is known as 'Jit'. Its traditions state that its ancient home was to the west of the Indus." Hindu Tribes, Castes, Vol. 1, page 233.
Different spellings and different accent of a noun by different languages speaking people is not uncommon. Only 150 years ago, the Britishers on a Zero mile stone in front of St. Josephs Inter College, Meerut spelt the following nouns as under:
Muzoforonagar = Muzaffarnagar
Alyiagarhya = Aligarh
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Only in past one decade the following names and spellings. have changed from: Cawnpore to Kanpur Panjab to Punjab Banaras to Varanasi Poona to Pune United Provinces to Uttar Pradesh
There are other examples of this kind such as :
Mozuffargarh = Muzaffargarh Seal Kote = Sialkot Post Box = Post Boks (DANISH)
"The Koris are an extensive clan of Jats in the country districts around Agra.
The Dahiyas are in Rohtak; Kharkhauda,. Mandauthi, Panipat and Sonipat Bangar.
The Dalals occupy villages also in Rohtak.
The Jaglains are proprietors of a few villages in Panipat Bangar.
The Jakhars are a clan of the same tribe.
The Jatranis are found in Rohilkhand and Delhi."
Hindu Tribes and Castes, page 235 Vol. I.
"Jit-In all the ancient catalogues of the thirty-six royal races of India, the Jit has a place, though by none is he ever styled "Rajpoot".
In the Punjab they still retain their ancient name of jit. On the Jumna and Gangas they are styled Jats, of whom the chief of Bharatpur is the most conspicuous. On the Indus and in the Saurashtra they are termed Juts.
The kingdom of the great Gete, whose capital was on the Jaxartes, preserved its integrity and name from the period of Cyrus of the fourteenth Century, when it was converted from idolatry to the faith of Islam. Herodotos informs us that the Getes were theists and held the tenet of the souls immortality and De Gui Gnes from Chinese authorities asserts that at a very early period they had embraced the religion of Fo or Boodha .... Of the first migration from central Asia of this race within the Indus, we have no record; it must have been simultaneous with the Takshac,
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from the wars of Cyrus or his ancestors."-Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan Vol. I, pp. 88-89.
"The Getes had long maintained their independence when Tomyris depended their liberty against Cyrus. Driven in successive wars across the Sutledge, we shall elsewhere show them preserving their ancient habits, as desultory cavaliers, under the Jit leader of Lahore, in pastoral communities, in Bikaner, the Indian desert and elsewhere, though they have lost sight of their early history. The transition from pastoral to agricultural pursuits is but short, and descendant of the nomadic Gete of Transoxana is now the best husband man on the plains of Hindustan." Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan Vol. I, page 53.
"Darius (Dara) had an ambition to conquer Europe, as Cyrus had subdued Asia and Cambyses Africa; but the Scythians and other war-like races there were more powerful than any brabaric tribes whom the Persians had already encountered. There were numerous people, whose half savage habits are described by contemporary historians, including the Getae in modern Bulgaria, the Sauromatae (men of the north) to the west of the Caspian; and between to Don and Volga, the Budini, 'a numerous race with blue eyes and red hair', according to Herodotus. The last were celebrated for their religious rites, and lived by herding and farming; and some ethnologists find them to be the ancestors of the Norse race who afterwards settled in Scandinavia, and in due time had a good share in making up the early English and Scottish population. The name of this Aryan race suggests, Woden or Odin, the great Gods of our forefathers. Having crossed the Bosphorus by a bridge of boats, Darius and his Persians Overran Thrace, conquered the Getae, and then passed to the left bank of the Danube."....The story of Extinct Civilization of the East, page 187."
"The population of Jats in India according to Shri Qanoongo in 1925 was about nine million souls. Shri Qanoongo refers to Asia by A.H. Keena ed. Shri Richard Temple, pp. 210, 218 to support to saying that,
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"Beyond the Indus there is also a sprinking of the Jat population in Peshawar, Baluchistan and even to the west of the Sulaiman range," because referred pages of the book contain the fact that "In Karman (Persia near Sistan) and Irak, there is a mixed Jat and Gipsy population of about 20,000 souls, and in Makran (Afghanistan) about 50,000. This race forms the backbone of the agricultural community in the Panjab, Sindh, Rajasthan and the western portion of the Gangetic Doab." History of Jats by Qanungo, page 2.
"They (Jats) are indeed bold peasantry, their country's pride, accustomed to guide the ploughs and wield the sword with equal readiness and success." History of Jats by Qanungo, Page 2.
Amongst Hindus, all high born castes have got their own 'Gotras' Vaish Agarwal have 18 Gotras and Brahmans also a few. Likewise, other castes also have their own Gotras. The significance is that males and females born of the same Gotra are considered to be the brothers and sisters, being descendents of a common ancestor. Marriage between the males and females of the same Gotra is forbidden by Hindu Shastras. I have found greatest number of Gotras in the Jats. I have already counted one hundred and there are still many more not listed hereinafter. This fact proves that in times bygone, Jats migrated into India in waves, one after the other in large numbers. The descendents from one head of the family who migrated, adopted the name of the head as his Gotra. Sometimes the name of the place from where they migrated was also adopted as a Gotra.