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'''Rajatarangini (राजतरंगिणी)''' is a metrical historical chronicle of north-western India, particularly the kings of Kashmir, written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian, [[Kalhana Pandita]] (कल्हण) in 12th century AD.  
== Earliest source on history of Kashmir ==
Unlike many ancient books, this is a perfect book of history, with accurate dates and events. The Rajatarangini is a Sanskrit account of the various monarchies of Kashmir, prior to the advent of Islam. Like the [[Shahnameh]] is to [[Persia]], the Rajatarangini is to [[Kashmir]].

Kalhana's Rajatarangini is the most famous historical poem which records the oldest and the fullest history of the legendary kings of Kashmir as well as gives accounts of the Kashmirian kings of the historical period.<ref>[http://www.saujanyabooks.com/details.aspx?id=31194 Stein, M. A. (Tr.) (2007), Kalhana's Rajatarangini: A Chronicle of the Kings of Kashmir 1–3 (Reprint ed.), Srinagar, India: Saujanya Books, ISBN 81-8339-043-9]</ref>

The Rajataringini provides the earliest source on [[Kashmir]] that can be labeled as a "historical" text on this region. The broad valley of Kashmir, also spelled [[Cashmere]]<ref> "Kashmir." The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989.</ref> is almost completely surrounded by the Great Himalayas and the [[Pir Panjal]] range.

Kalhana states that the valley of Kashmir was formerly a lake. This was drained by the great rishi or sage, [[Kashyapa]], son of [[Marichi]], son of [[Brahma]], by cutting the gap in the hills at [[Baramulla]], derived from Sanskrit वराहमूल (Boar's Molar), वराह (Varaha) meaning Boar + मूल (Mula) meaning deep or root.

Kalhana’s account of Kashmir begins with the legendary reign of Gonarda, who was contemporary to [[Yudhisthira]] of the  but the recorded history of Kashmir, as retold by Kalhana, begins from the period of the [[Maurya Empire]]. Kalhana’s account also states that the city of [[Srinagar]] was founded by the Mauryan emperor, [[Ashoka]], and that [[Buddhism]] reached the Kashmir valley during this period.  From there, Buddhism spread to several other adjoining regions including [[Central Asia]], [[Tibet]] and [[China Country|China]].

[[Kalhana]] (कल्हण) (c. 12th century CE) was the author of Rajatarangini, and is regarded as Kashmir's first historian. In fact, his translator Aurel Stein expressed the view that his was the only true Sanskrit history. Little is known about him except from what he tells us about himself in the opening verses of his book. His father [[Champaka]] was the minister (Lord of the [[Gate]]) in [[Harsha]] of Kashmir's court.
Structure

The author of the Rajatarangini history chronicles the rulers of the valley from earliest times, from the epic period of the [[Mahābhārata]] to the reign of [[Sangrama Deva]] (c.1006 CE), before the Muslim era. The list of kings goes back to the 19th century BCE.<ref>[http://koenraadelst.bharatvani.org/ Koenraad Elst: Update on the Aryan Invasion Debate 1999]</ref> Some of the kings and dynasties can be identified with [[inscriptions]] and the histories of the empires that periodically included the Kashmir valley, but for long periods the Rajatarangini is the only source.

The work consists of 7826 verses, which are divided into eight books called Tarangas (waves).

Kalhaṇa's account of Kashmir begins with the legendary reign of [[Gonarda]], who was contemporary to [[Yudhisthira]] of the [[Mahābhārata]], but the recorded history of Kashmir, as retold by Kalhaṇa begins from the period of the [[Mauryas]]. Kalhaṇa's account also states that the city of [[Srinagar]] was founded by the Mauryan emperor, [[Ashoka]], and that [[Buddhism]] reached the Kashmir valley during this period. From there, Buddhism spread to several other adjoining regions including [[Central Asia]], [[Tibet]] and [[China]].

== The dynasties and Kings  in Rajatarangini ==
See - [[Dynasties and Kings  in Rajatarangini]]
== Kingdoms and Countries in Rajatarangini ==
:''Here is the list of Kingdoms, Countries and Regions mentioned in Rajatarangini in various sections''
*'''[[Alakhana|Alakhāna]]''' (अलखान) - King of Kashmir '''[[Shankaravarmma]]''' easily defeated [[Alakhana|Alakhāna]] king of [[Gurjjara]] who ceded [[Takka]] a part of his kingdom to his conqueror. The king of the [[Thakkiyaka]] family took service as guard under the king of [[Kashmira]]. The latter caused the kingdom of the [[Thakkiya]] king which had been usurped by the king of [[Bhoja]] to be restored to him. The king of the country which lay between '''[[Darat]]''' and '''[[Turushka]]''', (as the [[Aryavarta]] lies between Himalaya and Vindhya,) '''[[Lalliya Shahi]]''' by name, who was among kings even as the sun is among stars, and was also lord over '''[[Alakhana|Alakhāna]]''', did not submit to the king of [[Kashmira]], on which the latter drove him out of his country. ([[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]], p.116)

*[[Angada]] (अंगद) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.315)

*[[Aryavarta]] (आर्यावर्त) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116)

*'''[[Aryya]]''' (आर्य ) - countries, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.147). Identified as '''[[Ariana]]''' - a general geographical term used by some Greek and Roman authors of the ancient period for a district of wide extent between [[Central Asia]] and the [[Indus River]]. 

*[[Bhuṭṭa]] (भुट्ट) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.264)

*[[Chamba]] (चंबा) - Champa hill state,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.183, 211) [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.28, 46, 92)

*[[Chola]] (चोल) - country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.19)

*[[Darad]] (दरद) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.180,181, 187, 258, 259); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]]  (p.18, 19,40); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] ( p.221, 222, 223, 219, 226, 228, 246, 251, 252, 254, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 280)
*[[Darat]] (दरत) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.195, 237); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.96); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.219, 226, 302)

*[[Darvabhisara]] (दर्वाभिसार) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.14), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.104), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116, 120), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.266); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.131), 

*[[Devasara]] (देवसर) - kingdom [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.248)

*[[Devasarasa]] (देवसरस) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.249, 287, 303, 304)

*[[Dhata]] (धात) - kingdom,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.257)

*'''[[Dranga]]''' (द्रंग) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.136, 178); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.245, 255). '''It may be identified with ancient [[Drangiana]] and modern [[Zaranj]] in southwestern [[Afghanistan]], near the border with [[Iran]]'''.

*[[Dravida]] (द्रविड़) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.22); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.219) 

*[[Dvara]] (द्वार) - country,  kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.9), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.121, 161), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.210,211, 212, 243), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.268, 270, 273); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.16, 26, 36, 38, 49, 54, 61, 65, 68, 85, 89); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.141, 160, 173, 174, 185, 186, 201, 203, 204, 205, 210); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.223, 224, 227, 241, 253, 259, 260, 264, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 307)

*[[East Yotisha]] (प्रागज्योतिष) - [[Pragjyotisha]] country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.33) 

*[[Ebenaka]] (एबेनक) - kingdom of [[Rajavadana Balahara]], [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] p.245, 

*[[Gandhara]] (गांधार) country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.21), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.33), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.36)

*[[Gauda]]/[[Gaura]] (गौड़) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.78, 88) ; [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.210);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.181)

*[[Goura]] (गौड़) - kingdom,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.68)

*[[Gurjjara]] (गुर्जर) - country,  defeated by [[Shankaravarman]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116)

*[[Kahla]] (कह्ल) - kingdom, [[Rajapuri]] is in the kingdom of Kahla, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.264).

*[[Kalinga]] (कलिंग) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.68)

*[[Kalinjara]] (कलिंजर) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.264); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.53, 78)

*[[Kalpa]] (कल्प) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.272),

*[[Kalyānaraja]] (कल्याणराज) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.188

*[[Kamalaka]] (कमलक) -country,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.122)

*[[Kampana]] (कंपन) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.138), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.158, 160, 167, 184), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.175, 179, 196, 211,237, 254), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.273, 274),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.16) (p.43, 49, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 68, 74, 82, 83, 85, 89), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.123, 127, 130, 136, 140, 144, 145, 161, 175, 179, 180, 184, 188, 195, 216); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.250, 255, 262, 304, 305, 311)

*[[Kandaraja|Kāndaraja]] (कांदराज) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.96),[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.115) 

*[[Kannauj]] (कन्नौज) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.9), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.125),[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.185)

*[[Kantiraja]] (कांतीराज) - king,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.266),

*[[Kanyakubja]] (कान्यकुब्ज) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.181); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.219)

*[[Kārapatha]] (कारपथ) -[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.218)

*[[Karnata|Karnāta]](कर्णाट) -  kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.68); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.19), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.218, 238, 253, 254);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.213), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.223, 227)

*[[Kashi]] (काशी) -  kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.93) 

*[[Kashmira]] (कश्मीर) - country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.3),[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.33); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.19, 21, 25, 33, 35, 38, 39, 44, 46,35, 38, 39, 44, 46, 47, 54, 65, 72, 79, 82, 104); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.137, 142, 144, 145, 162, 163, 168, 169, 176, 176,197); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.221, 223, 220, 310,315)

*[[Kashyapāgāra]] (कश्यपागार) - district in which river [[Nilabhu]] flows eastward  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.311)

*'''[[Keṭṭa]]''' (केट्ट) -  Rajatarangini has mentioned  [[Rajavadana Balhara]]'s father [[Ojas]] as lord of '''[[Keṭṭa]]''' ([[Ketta]]).([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.262). '''[[Singhapura]]'''  was one of [[Buddhist]] Kingdoms visited by [[Xuanzang]] in 631 AD. [[Alexander Cunningham]]<ref>[[The Ancient Geography of India/Singhapura]], pp. 127</ref> has identified [[Singhapura]] with [[Katas]]  village  in the [[Chakwal]] district of [[Punjab (Pakistan)]].

*[[Khandava Forest]] (खांडव वन) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.84); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.266)

*[[Khasha]] (खश) - tribe, country and people, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.154), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.183, 197, 242), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.265, 266, 268),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.76); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.126, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 164, 166, 177)

*[[Kheri Kashmir|Kheri]] (खेड़ी) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.82, 86, 95); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.108)

*[[Koshala]] (कोशल) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.173)

*[[Kotta]] (कोट्ट) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.141, 146, 151, 158, 159, 160, 161, 170, 171, 174, 176, 177, 179); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.229, 245, 247, 252) 

*[[Koundha]] (कौंध) -  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.219)

*'''[[Kramarajya]]''' (क्रमराज्य) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.112), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262, 268, 269),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.4, 18, 22, 70, 79, 85); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] ( p.123,176); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.267). '''Identified as ancient [[Karamania]] or present [[Kerman Province]] in [[Iran]]'''.

*[[Kramavarta]] (क्रमवर्त)  region, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.45)

*[[Kramavartia]] (क्रमवर्तीय) - region,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.108)

*[[Kṣharajayya]] (क्षारजय) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.307)

*[[Kularaja]] (कुलराज ) - a commander in the army and a celebrated athlete, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.241);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.187, p.192, 123, 188, 189, 190, 207, 208. superintendent of the capital Dhanya p.195)

*'''[[Kuluta]]''' (कुलूत) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.55). '''Identified as modern [[Kullu]] or [[Kulu]] is a city and District in [[Himachal Pradesh]]'''. 

*[[Kuru]] (कुरु) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.206)

*[[Lavarajya]] (लवराज्य) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.34)

*[[Langka]] (लंका) - [[Ceylon]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.37)

*[[Lata]] (लाट)  country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.72)

*[[Lavaraja]] (लवराज) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.93, 101); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.115)

*[[Ledari]] (लेदरी) - region of king [[Lava]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.7)

*[[Lohara]] (लोहर) - hills, city, kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.70), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.163), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.220, 223, 233), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.178, 211,227,  237, 241, 243,247, 251, 257,), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262, 273, 274, 275, 289, 291, 292, 293),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.3, 4, 18, 26, 35, 37, 38, 44, 48, 50, 55, 57, 61, 62, 63, 65, 71, 76, 77, 78, 81, 89, 95); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.105, 105, 117, 141, 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 168, 170, 170, 176, 177, 178, 180, 210); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] ( p.306, 313, 313)

*[[Rajapuri]] (राजापुरी) - Modern [[Rajauri]], mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]]: [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.162, 166), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.176, 187, 208,210, 211, 241, 242,245, 256), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.264, 268, 292);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.25, 53, 76); ; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.108, 125, 126, 143); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.264)

*[[Madava]] (मड़व) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.112, 128, 138), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.260), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262, 270),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p. 4, 62, 64, 92, 95, 97, 83, 85); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.158, 182, 184)

*[[Maḍava]] (मड़व) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p. 217); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.224, 225)

*[[Madavarajya|Maḍavarajya]] (मड़वराज्य) -[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.88, 90); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.132); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.248)

*[[Madramaṇḍala]] (मद्रमण्डल) - kingdom, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.131)

*[[Magadha]] (मगध) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.73); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.266)

*[[Mandala|Maṇḍala]] (मण्डल) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262, 269, 271, 273, 274, 281, 287); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.105, 144, 179); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.304)

*[[Nata]] (नाट)  country through which passed [[Mihirakula]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Kings of Kashmira/Book I]],p.19

*[[Nepala]] (नेपाल) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.93, 94, 95, 97) 

*[[Nilapura]] (नीलपुर) - [[[[Nyarvvapura]]]] kingdom whose king [[Kirtti]] came to King of [[Kashmir]] in 1087 AD, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.211)

*[[North Kuru]] (उत्तरकुरु ) - country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.70)

*[[Pādāgra]] (पादाग्र)  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.127, 173)

*[[Panchala]] (पांचाल) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.206)

*[[Panchasattra]] (पंचसत्त्र) -  province, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.117). Modern [[Panjshir]]

*[[Patala]] (पाताल) - [[Patalaloka]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.56), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.76)

*[[Pragyotisha]] (प्राग्ज्योतिष) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.256)

*[[Rajasthana|Rājasthāna]] (राजस्थान) - palace [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]]  (p.16, 49, 89); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p. 140, 175)

*[[Samkrandana]] (संक्रंदन) - [VIII (ii), p.230]

*[[Saurashtra]] (सौराष्ट्र) -  region, [[Pravarasena]] defeated the people of Saurashtra and upset the administration of the kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.52) 

*[[Sheḍḍarājasthāna]] (शेड्डराजस्थान) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.49)

*[[Shushkaletra]] (शुष्कलेत्र) - plains, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.13)

*[[Shveta Dvipa]] (श्वेतद्वीप) - island, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.56)

*[[Sindhu]] (सिंधु) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.74, 76), Kupya's son, treasurer of [[Parvvagupta]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.160); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.164, 177, 178, 219) 

*[[Strirajya]] (स्त्रीराज्य) - country of women,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.97) 

*[[Takka]] (टक्क) - kingdom, people,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116); king,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.206, 219)

*[[Thakkiya]] (ठक्कीय) - kingdom defeated by [[Shankaravarmma]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116)

*[[Trigartta]] (त्रिगर्त) - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.38, 49); defeated by [[Shankaravarmana]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V]], p.116; [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.183); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.131)

*[[Tripura]] (त्रिपुर) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.212)

*[[Udakpatha]] (उदक्पथ) - kingdom, queen Sugandha was daughter of Shrisvami, king of Udakpatha, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.117)

*[[Udaya]] (उदय) -

*[[Ujjayini]] (उज्जयनी) - kingdom, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.39, 40, 46)

*[[Urasa]] (उरस) -country,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.211)

*[[Urvasha]] (उर्वष) - kingdom,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.211)

*[[Uttamaraja]](उत्तमराज) -king of [[Kāshthavāta]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.211)

*[[Uttarapatha]] (उत्तरपथ) - [[Hund]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.76, 79, 81), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.121), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.278); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.251)

*[[Vallapura]] (वल्लपुर ) - kingdom, place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.184, 211); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.219)

*[[Vartula]] (वर्तुल) -

*[[Vatsaraja]] (वत्सराज) - a follower of [[Vigraharaja]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.166)

*[[Vijjaraja]] (विज्जराज) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.208)

== Towns and Places in Rajatarangini ==
:''Here is the list of Towns and other places like forts, mountains, temples etc. mentioned in Rajatarangini in various sections''

*[[Abhimanyupura]] (अभिमन्युपुर) : city built by queen [[Didda]] after her son [[Abhimanyu II]] (958-972 AD). [[Didda]] also setup an image of a god, named Abhimanyusvami.[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.163). '''Identification''': Town has not been identified. 

*[[Abhundapura]] (अभून्दपुर): city where was a god named Bhima, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.250),

*[[Abhyantarajayapura]] (अभ्यंतरजयपुर): City built by king [[Jayapira]]. Once the king dreamt that Vishnu asked him to cause a city like '''[[Dvaravati]]''' to be built surrounded by water, and he built a town so surrounded, which the people, even so , this day, call [[Abhyantarajayapura]]. In this city, [[Jayadeva]], who was at the head of the five departments built a monastery ; and '''[[Acha|A'cha]]''', the son-in-law of [[Pramoda]] the king of '''[[Mathura]]''', who was subject to the king of [[Kashmira]], set up an image of [[Mahadeva]] named [[Acheshvara|A'cheshvara]].  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.92) 

*[[Ajayavana]] (अजयवन): monasteries, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.240)  

*[[Akaprapā]] (अकप्रपा) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.216)

*[[Akhuva]] (अखुव): place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.102) 

*[[Akshapatala]] (अक्षपटल) :place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.292,293)

*[[Akshavala]] (अक्षवल) : holy place built by [[Aksha]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.22)

*[[Amaresha]] (अमरेश) : temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.181)

*[[Amareshvara]] (अमरेश्वर): tank, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.17)

*[[Amritabhavana]] (अमृतभवन): [[Amritaprabha]], queen of king [[Meghavahana]] built vihara for [[Buddhists]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.36) 

*[[Anangabhavana]] (अनंग भवन): monastery built by queen Anangalekha, wife of king [[Durlabhavardhana]], daughter  of king [[Baladitya]] (561-598 AD),[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.61)

*[[Anantagrama]] (अनंतग्राम): village after king [[Anantadeva]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.258)

*[[Aryanaka]] (आर्यनक): place where [[Lalitaditya]] I perished by an untimely fall of heavy snow in 733 AD, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.81) 

*[[Ashoka Palace]] (अशोक भवन): Palace, built by [[Ashoka]], the great grandson of [[Shakuni]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Attalika]] (अट्टालिक) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.171, 176)  [[Lothana]] passed through in 1130 AD.

*[[Aṭṭilikā]] (अट्टिलिक) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.49)

*[[Atyugrapura]] (अत्युग्रपुर ) - City full of combatants, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] (p.316)

*[[Avanāha]] (अवनाह) :place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.272),

*[[Avanti]] (अवन्ति): city,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.69)

*[[Avantipura]] (अवन्तिपुर): town built by [[Avantivarmma]] at Vishvoukasara the shrine,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.109); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.274), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.97, 83, 85); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.122, 126, 127, 129)

*[[Avantipur]] (अवन्तिपुर) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.55)

*[[Barahamula]] (बरहमूल) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.38, 39). Identification = [[Baramulla]].

*[[Bardhanasvami]] (बर्धनस्वामी) : temple, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.155)

*[[Benaras]] (बनारस) : city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.244)

*[[Bhadāvakāsha]] (भदावकाश ) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.43)

*[[Bhagavanmatha]] (भगवनमठ ): temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.298)

*[[Bhandapura]] (भाण्डापुर): city built by queen [[Sugandha]], mother of king [[Gopalavarmma]] at [[Shahirajya]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.122). Identification =  '''[[Waihind]]''' (वैहिंद) 

*[[Bhangila]] (भंगिल) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.80). Identification not clear. It may be '''[[Bangus Valley]]'''.

*[[Bhattaraka]] (भट्टारक मंदिर): temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.159)

*[[Bhavachchheda]] (भवच्छेद): village built by [[Vajrendra]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.54)

*[[Bhedara]] (भेदर): village in district of [[Madava]] built by [[Baladitya]]

*[[Bhima]] (भीम): place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.32)

*[[Bhimatikā]] (भीमतिका): village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.169)

*[[Bhuskhara]] (भूस्खर): place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.73)

*[[Brahmamatha]] (ब्रह्म मठ): monastery built by minister [[Brahma]],

*'''[[Bhuṭṭapura]] (भुट्टपुर)''' - [[Bhuṭṭa]], minister of [[Jayasimha]], attained, dignified excellence. The offering which he made to Mahadeva the Jyeshtarudra, otherwise called the Bālakeshvara, and set up by Vashishta, was accepted by the god who appeared in person. There he built a town without a defect, named Bhuṭṭapura with maṭhas, religious schools and high buildings. In the capital also he set up a Hara, named Bhuṭṭeshvara, and in the village of Maḍava he excavated a tank named Dharmmavibhramadarpana. ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.217). It is supposed to be the village '''[[Butapor]]''' in the [[Machipur]] pargana in [[Kashmir]]. <ref>[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=43Fzt-G_-XYC&pg=PA152&dq=bhuttapura&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwipgezXuujMAhVBQ5QKHYvkCS0Q6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&q=bhuttapura&f=false Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography, Volume 1 By Subodh Kapoor],p.152</ref>

*[[Brahmapuri]] (ब्रह्मपुरी) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.53), ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.217)

*[[Ceylon]] (लंका): country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.19), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.37), (p.91) 

*[[Chakrachara]] (चक्रचर): place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.16)

*[[Chakradhara]] (चक्रधर) - hill, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.17), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.71), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.186, 187); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.83, 84, 85, 91)

*[[Chakramatha]] (चक्रमठ): shrine for the [[Saivas]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.134)

*[[Chakrapura]] (चक्रपुर): town built by [[Chakramardikā]], queen of Lalitaditya, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.72)

*[[Chandanadri]] (चंदनाद्री ): region, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.69)

*[[Chandra]] (चंद्र): village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.61)

[[File:Naga temple Chinta.jpg|thumb|100px|Naga temple at Chinta ([[Bhadarvah]]), Courtesy:Vogel JPH]]
*[[Chintavihara]] (चिंतविहार) - [[Chinta]], wife of [[Udaya]], lord of [[Kampana]], adorned the land on the banks of the [[Vitasta]] with a vihara ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.311)

*[[Chiramochana]] (चिरमोचन): holy place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.11)

*[[Damodara]] (दामोदर): forest at [[Lalyana]], [[Shimika]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.154)

*[[Damodarasuda]] (दामोदरसुद): city built by king [[Damodara II]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.12)

*[[Daratpura]] (दरतपुर) - City of [[Darad]]s, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.195, 237);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.98); '''Identification''': It is situated probably in the [[Kisanganga]] Valley, may be identified with '''[[Gurez]]''',the chief place of the upper [[Kisanganga]] Valley.<ref>[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=eEJ-sXBmBIkC&pg=PA273&lpg=PA273&dq=Daratpura&source=bl&ots=7ufslugEwf&sig=HXfMzieDLIb5YfiDm3pN_ntkE8c&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf0pe5wP7MAhUCE5QKHSseBcUQ6AEINzAG#v=onepage&q=Daratpura&f=false History of the Chamar Dynasty: From 6th Century A.D. to 12th Century A.D. By Raj Kumar],p.273</ref> There is also a village  '''[[Dardpora]]''' in [[Bandipora]] district in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]]. '''[[Dard Pora]]''' is village in [[Pattan Baramulla|Pattan]] tahsil of in [[Baramulla]] district in Indian union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir]]. '''[[Dard Pora]]''' is village in [[Kupwara]] tahsil of in [[Kupwara]] district in Indian union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*'''[[Darpitapura]]''' (दर्पितपुर) :  ([[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|IV, p.70]]) - " City of Pride,", When in his pride of conquest, [[Lalitaditya]] built this city. [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.70); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.171. City not yet identified. The ruins of city are supposed to be destroyed by Muslim Invaders. 

*[[Dārvvā]] (दार्वा) - city [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.218

*[[Dashagrama]] (दशग्राम) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] p.269,270. [[Dashagrama]] (दशग्राम) may be identified with [[Dachigam]] (दाचीगाम),  [[Srinagar]].

*[[Degrama]] (देग्राम): [[Damara]] village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.187

*[[Devasarasa]] (देवसरस) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.43, 44, 56, 58, 97);[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.107, 109, 115, 130);[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] p.249, 287, 303, 304. May be identified with [[Devsar Kulgam]]

*[[Devipura]] (देवीपुर): place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.32)

*[[Dhyānoddāra]] (ध्यानोद्दार) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.123, 129, 130 )

*[[Dinnagrama|Dinnāgrāma]] (दिन्नाग्राम ) -  inhabited by the [[Khashas]] [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] p.267,270,306

*[[Dokapunya]] (दोकपुण्य ):place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.273),

*[[Dugdhadhaāṭṭ]] (दुग्धधाट्ट) - fort [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.246)

*[[Durāṅḍa]] (दुरंड) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] p.246

*[[Dvaraka]] (द्वारक): city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.69)

*[[Dvaravati]] (द्वारवती): city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.92)

*[[Falapura]] (फलपुर): See [[Phalapura]].  village, [[Lalitapira]] took back from Brahmanas, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.101)

*[[Gadhipura]] (गधीपुर): ([[Kanyakubja]]), [[Lalitaditya]] conquered Gadhipura (Kanyakubja) where the women, were hunch-backed. [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.67)

*[[Gandharvana]] (गंधर्वन) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.195). Identifies as [[Ganderbal]].

*[[Gandharvapura]] (गंधर्वपुर): city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.17)

*[[Gaya]] (गय): city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.160), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.244)

*[[Giridurga]] (गिरिदुर्ग) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.201.202)

*[[Gobarddhanadhara]] (गोवर्धनधर): place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.274),

*'''[[Gopalapura]]''' (गोपालपुर) - queen [[Sugandha]] (904-906 AD) built  town after [[Gopalavarmma]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.123); where [[Sussala]]'s head was burnt, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.126).''' Gopalapura has been identified'''  as modern '''[[Guripur]]''', a village on the left bank of the [[Jhelum]] below [[Avantipura]]).<ref>[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1eMfzTBcXcYC&pg=PA140&lpg=PA140&dq=Sugandhapura&source=bl&ots=T3pO1yCrq4&sig=JCFxXFqJdccYzBPoT2nG-VYrCxI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjgla7L0OjMAhVKp5QKHVoNB_8Q6AEIJzAD#v=onepage&q=Sugandhapura&f=false Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Volume 1, By P. N. K. Bamzai,p.140]</ref>

*[[Gopalamatha]] (गोपालमठ): temple, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.123)

*[[Govasa]] (गोवास) : ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.202)

*[[Hāḍi]] (हाड़ि) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.136

*[[Hādigrāma]] (हाड़िग्राम)- ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.195)

*[[Hāmigrāma]] (हामिग्राम) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]]  (p.57)

*[[Hanumata]] (हनुमत): village built by minister [[Oda]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.61)

*[[Harihaḍa]] (हरिहड़) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.92)

*[[Hastika|Hāstika]] (हास्तिक): The city where [[Trilochanapala]], The [[Shahi]] took shelter and made great efforts to retrieve his fortune. [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.173)

*[[Hastikarna]] (हस्तिकर्ण): village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.107), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.296),

*[[Hastishala]] (हस्तिशल): village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Helu]] (हेलु):village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.134)

*[[Hiranyapura]] (हिरण्यपुर ) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.62)

*'''[[Hushkapura]]''' (हुष्कपुर) - Present [[Ushkara]], the same as [[Baramula]]. It was founded by [[Hushka]], the [[Kushan]] King. [[Huvishka]] was younger son of [[Vasishka]]. He founded '[[Hushkpur]]' or [[Hushkapura]] town in Kashmir in his name, the town is known as '''[[Uskpur]]/[[Uskar]]''' at present.<ref>[[Sir Alexander Cunningham]]: [[The Ancient Geography of India]], p.91</ref> When [[Xuanzang]] came to India he stayed at a vihara in [[Hushkpur]]. He ruled from 120 - 140 AD. [[Kabul]], [[Kashmir]] and [[Mathura]] were part of his state. [[Hushkapura]] mentioned in  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.13), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.124), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.269), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.34, 61,81)

*[[Indradevibhavana]] (इंद्रदेवी भवन): monastery built by [[Indradevi]], another queen of king [[Meghavahana]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.36)

*[[Isvra Palace]] (ईस्वर भवन): Palace, built by [[Ashoka]], the great grandson of [[Shakuni]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Jalandhara]] (जालंधर) : city,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.70);  ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.145)

*[[Jamatrisara]] (जमतृसर): tank built by [[Naga]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.17)

*[[Jayabhattārikā]] (जयभट्टारिका):temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.159)

*[[Jayapura]] (जयपुर): fort after [[Jayapira]] in eastern country, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.91), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.294) 

*[[Jayasvamipura]] (जयस्वामिपुर):city built by [[Jushka]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.13)

*[[Jayavana]] (जयवन): place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.213)

*[[Jayendra-vihara]] (जयेन्द्र विहार): [[Buddhist]] vihara built by [[Jayendra]], maternal uncle of [[Pravarasena II]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]], p.53

*[[Johila]] (जोहिल): temple, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.293),

*'''[[Jushkapura]]''' (जुष्कपुर) : City, Founded by [[Jushka]], the [[Kushan]] King, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]], p.13. It has been identified with present '''[[Zukru]]'''.<ref>[[Alexander Cunningham]]: [[The Ancient Geography of India/Kingdom of Kashmir]], p.101</ref>.[[Zukru]], or [[Zukur]] is still a considerable village, 4 miles to the north of the capital [[Srinagar]].   

*[[Kailasha]] (कैलाश) :  mountain, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.3); the heaven of [[Shiva]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.107);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.213

*[[Kālenana]] (कालेनन) : pass [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.165)

*[[Kalyanapura]] (कल्याणपुर) :  City founded by queen Kalyanadevi, wife of king [[Jayapira]], on the field of her husband's victory,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.89); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.254),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.108; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.256)

*[[Kamala]] (कमल): city founded by by [[Kamaladevi]], queen of [[Lalitaditya]], in reign of [[Jayapira]] , [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.90) 

*[[Kamvaleshvara]] (कंवलेशस्वर) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.22)

*[[Kālamvya]] (कालमव्य): city built by [[Baladitya]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.57)

*[[Kānda]] (कान्द) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.46)

*[[Kānḍiletra]] (कांडीलेत्र) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.80)

*[[Kankanapura]]\[[Kangkanapura]] (कंकणपुर): city built by queen [[Didda]] for the benefit of her dead husband, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.163). Identified as [[Kangan]] (?) in [[Ganderbal]].

*'''[[Kanishkapura]]''' (कनिष्कपुर): city built by [[Kanishka]], the [[Kushan]] King, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.13). [[Alexander Cunningham]]<ref>[[The Ancient Geography of India/Kingdom of Kashmir]], p. 99</ref> writes that In the spoken dialects of India it is called [[Kanikhpur]], which in Kashmir has been still further corrupted to [[Kampur]]. It is situated 10 miles to the south of [[Srinagar]], on the high-road leading to the Pir Panchal Pass. 

*[[Kantakoutsa]] (कंटकोत्स): village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.13)

*[[Kantha]] (कंठ) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.223, 227)

*[[Kākaruha]] (काकरूह) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.108)

*[[Kalyanapura]] (कल्याणपुर) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.108), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.256. (Latitude: 25.17, Longitude: 	76.15)

*[[Kaṅkoshapīthina]] (कंकोषपीथीन) : village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.199

*[[Kanyakubja]] (कान्यकुब्ज): city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.68, 71, 88) 

*[[Karala]] (कराल): village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8). '''Identification''': There is a village  '''[[Kralpora]]''' in [[Bandipora]] (? or  [[Kupwara]]) district in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*[[Karkotadranga|Kārkoṭadraṅga]] (कार्कोटद्रङ्ग) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], (p.137, 176)

*[[Kartikeya]] (कार्तिकेय): temple temple in the city of [[Paundravardhana]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.85) 

*[[Kashyapāgāra]] (कश्यपागार) : district in which river [[Nilabhu]] flows eastward [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]],p.311

*[[Kashtavata]] (काष्टवात) : [[Kashthavata]] is Modern [[Kishtwar District|Kishtwar]] [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.34, 40). It is identified with [[Kishtwar District|Kishtwar]] town and District in [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*[[Katika]] (कटिक): city built by [[Tungjina]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.27)

*[[Katimusha]] (कटिमूष):village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.29)

*[[Katisthali]] (कटिस्थली) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.83)

*[[Khagikhuna]] (खगिखून): village founded by [[Khagendra]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.7)


*[[Khaṇḍduvī]] (खण्ड्डुवी) : ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.121, 127)

*[[Kherītalālasā]] (खेरीतलालसा ):- ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.121)

*[[Khira]] (खीर): monastery, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.22)

*[[Kinnarapura]] (किन्नरपुर) : city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.15, 17)

*[[Krama]] (क्रम) : hill,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.97) 

*'''[[Krirārāma]]''' (क्रीराराम) : ([[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV, p.70]]) - a house for amusement 

*[[Ksheda]] (क्षेड़) : place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.32)

*[[Kshemamatha]] (क्षेममठ) : temple by king [[Kshemagupta]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.155)

*[[Kshiraprishta]] (क्षीरप्रष्ट): village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.180)

*[[Kugrāma]] (कुग्राम) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.106)

*[[Kula mountains]] (कुल पहाड़) - The seven great mountains of the ancient Hindus, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.214); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.230, 304)

*[[Kundala]] (कुंडल) : The low lands which protected by embankments,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.114)

*[[Kuruhara]] (कुरुहर) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.7)

*'''[[Kurukshetra]] (कुरुक्षेत्र) ''' - At Kurukshetra hill chiefs assembled [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.46). [[Rajatarangini]]([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]],p.197-198) tells.... But in order to help '''[[Nagapala]]''', the king gave him his own army, crushed the pride of his enemies and re-established the stability of the kingdom. In the meantime [[Koshtaka]] returned after his ablutions in the '''[[Ganges]]''', and taking '''[[Mallarjjuna]]''' on his side, set about to raise a faction in the kingdom. At the time of the '''solar eclipse''', the prince '''[[Mallarjjuna]]''' was at '''[[Kurukshetra]]'''. It was in 1133 AD. [VIII (i),p.197-198]

*[[Lahora]] (लोहर) :place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.109)

*[[Lalitadityapura]] (ललितादित्यपुर) : city by [[Lalitaditya]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.157)

*'''[[Lalitapura]]''' (ललितपुर) - city after [[Lalitaditya]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.71) - When [[Lalitaditya]] was out in conquest, his viceroy built a town after the king's name. In this town of '''[[Lalitapura]]''', there was an image of the sun, to which he bestowed the city of [[Kanyakubja]] with the adjoining lands and villages.  Town is identified with present '''[[Let Pora]]'''.<ref>[http://www.vbpcp.org/shankhnaad/9 Shankhnaad Website]</ref>

*[[Lalyana]] (लल्यान) : place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.154)

*[[Lavanotsa]] (लवनोत्स): city founded by king [[Vaka]] (665-602 ), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.21),[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.144, 145), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.225), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.287, 297). It derives name from salt water sources in the area. There was a beautiful garden here. <ref>[[Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur]],p.814</ref>

*[[Lochanoḍḍāraka]] (लोचनोड्डारक)  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.122)

*[[Lochanotsa]] (लोचनोत्स ) :village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.101) 
 
*[[Lokāloka]] (लोकालोक) :hill, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.10)

*[[Lokapunya]] (लोकपुण्य) :tank,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262),

*[[Lolora]] (लोलोर) : town built by  [[Lava]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.7). Identified with [[Lolab]].

*[[Lovara]]: village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.7)

*'''[[Maḍava]] (माड़व)''' - [[Bhuṭṭa]], minister of [[Jayasimha]], attained, dignified excellence. He excavated a tank named Dharmmavibhramadarpana in the village of [[Maḍava]]. ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.217). It may be identified with [[Madwan]], town in [[Sonawari]] tahsil of '''[[Bandipora]]''' district in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]], India. 

*[[Madhyamata]] (मध्यमत) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.15)

*[[Mahīmāna]] (महीमान) : place of amusement  ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.183)

*[[Mahlānapura]] (महलानपुर) : city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.89) 

*[[Mahlanasvami]] (महलानस्वामी): god raised by [[Mahlana]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.61)

*[[Mandāra]] (मंदार)  - hill [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.249, 270)

*[[Martanda]] (मार्तंड) : city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.221), Martanda god at [[Pattana]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.251); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.303, 304, 305)

*[[Mathura]] (मथुरा) : the capital of Krishna,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.5), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.92) 

*[[Matṛigrāma]] (मतृिग्राम) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.252. '''Identification''': There is also a village  '''[[ Mantrigam]]''' in [[Bandipora]] district in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*[[Maya]] (मय) :village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.177)

*[[Mayagrama]] (मयग्राम): [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.62)

*'''[[Meghachakrapura|Meghāchakrapura]]''' (मेघाचक्रपुर)  - is mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i), p.120]]). [[Meghavahana]] built a village named '''[[Meghavana]]''' and peopled it with Brahmanas and set up a monastery named '''Meghamatha'''. [[Rajatarangini]] ([[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III,p.36-37]]), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.120

*[[Meghamatha]] (मेघमठ) : monastery built by [[Meghavahana]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.36)

*[[Meghavana]] (मेघवन) : village built by [[Meghavahana]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.36)

*[[Meru]] (मेरु)  - hill [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.312)

*[[Mihirapura]] (मिहिरपुर) : city founded by [[Mihirakula]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.20)

*[[Mihireshvara]] (मिहिरेश्वर) : god, in [[Shrinagara]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.20)

*[[Mulaka]] (मुलक) :place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.240)

*[[Musa]] (मुस) : village founded by [[Khagendra]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.7)

*[[Nadavana]] (नदवन) : vihara,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.36)

*[[Namuchi]] (नमूची) : cave, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.56)

*[[Nandikshetra]] (नंदीक्षेत्र)  - shrine, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.4), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.35), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.216, 240); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.8); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.218). Twenty-three miles south of [[Srinagar]] in Kashmir near the [[Haramukh]] mount, including the Gangābal lake and the sacred lake called Nandisara or [[Nandkol]] or Kālo daka which is said to be the residence of [[Shiva]] and his faithful attendant Nandin. <ref>[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8897ridkczoC&pg=PA489&lpg=PA489&dq=Nandikshetra&source=bl&ots=GXjT_mrN9E&sig=Ov0Ex9-_pCwNCPTCUrUT8UF_xng&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwixnPnyyejMAhXHoZQKHWivDpM4ChDoAQgaMAA#v=onepage&q=Nandikshetra&f=false Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography, Volume 2, Subodh Kapoor], p.489</ref> 

*[[Nannāgara]] (नन्नागार) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.85)

*'''[[Narapura Kashmira|Narapura]] (नरपुर)''' : village, King [[Nara|Nara I]] built a town on the banks of the [[Vitasta]], which he laid out with spacious roads, and adorned with the spoils of other countries. It was crowded with rich shops, and graced with fruit and flower gardens, and the river below was covered with boats. [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.15)

*[[Narendra Bhavana]] (नरेंद्र भवन) : palace built by [[Surendra]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Ovanā]] (ओवना)  :village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.189)

*'''[[Padmapura]] (पद्मपुर)''' - Modern [[Pampur]], founded by Padma, The maternal uncle of the king, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]],p.102, 103; town in which [[Shankarabardhana]] was killed by [[Chakravarmma]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.130), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.175,192, 226), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.273, 274);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]], p.119,121, 273; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]],p. 255

*[[Padmasvami]] (पद्मस्वामी) : shrine,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.157)[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.119, 121, 122, 207); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.255) 

*[[Pampa]] (पंपा):large tank,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.239)

*[[Panchahasta]] (पञ्चस्त) :village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.107)

*'''[[Pānchigrāma]]''' (पांचीग्राम)  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] (p.288). '''Identification''': There are two villages by name   '''[[Panzigam]]''' in [[ Kupwara]]/[[ Pulwama]] districts in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*[[Papasudana]] (पापसुदन) :shrine,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.182)

*[[Parihasakeshava]] (परिहास केशव) : temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.78)

*'''[[Parihasapura]] (परिहासपुर)''' : city built by [[Lalitaditya]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.71,73, 77, 83),[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.117), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.169, 243), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.270, 271) ; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.8). It has been '''identified with''' present '''[[Sumbal]]'''<ref>[[Alexander Cunningham]]: [[The Ancient Geography of India/Kingdom of Kashmir]], p.101-102</ref> in [[Ganderbal]] district of  [[Jammu and Kashmir]].  

*'''[[Parnotsa]]''' (पर्णोत्स)  -  [[Rajatarangini]] mentions in  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV, p.70]], [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.141; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.54, 78, 79); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.156), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.198), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.268). Town is identified with present '''[[Punch]]'''.<ref>[http://www.vbpcp.org/shankhnaad/9 Shankhnaad Website]</ref>

*[[Patamga]] (पतंग) - village of [[Ajjaka]], [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.40)

*[[Pattavas]] (पटटवास) :town, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.117)

*[[Paundravardhana]] (पौंड्रवर्धन) :city now in [[Bangladesh]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.85) 

*[[Phalāhā]] (फलाहा)  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.44)

*'''[[Phalapura]]''' (फलपुर) - Also [[Falapura]], city built by [[Lalitaditya]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.70).  phala signifying fruit or effect, And when his conquests were over, and [[Lalitaditya]] was enjoying the fruits of his victories, he raised this city. Town is identified with present '''[[Shadipur Punjab|Shadipur]]'''.<ref>[http://www.vbpcp.org/shankhnaad/9 Shankhnaad Website]</ref> [[Phalapura]] mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]] in [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.104); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.148)

*[[Phullapura]] (फुल्लपुर) : village, adjoining [[Kotta]], [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]] p.161, 173)

*[[Pimmala]] (पिम्मल) :place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.254)

*[[Pitrivana]] (पितृवन) :forests , [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.295),

*[[Plakshaprasravana]] (पलक्षप्रश्रवन) :  forest, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.82) 

*[[Prakashika]] (प्रकशिक) : Vihara built by queen Prakasha, wife of [[Chandrapira]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.66)

*[[Pratapagaurisha]] (प्रतापगौरीश) : temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.295),

*[[Pratapapura]] (प्रतापपुर)  - town built by [[Pratapaditya]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.61)

*'''[[Pravarapura]] (प्रवरपुर)''' : the city built by king [[Pravarasena]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.77). It is identified with present '''[[Srinagar]] town'''.

*[[Prayaga]] (प्रयाग) : city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.84), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.282), 

*'''[[Purapura]]''' (पुरपुर) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.82). It may be identified with '''[[Iranshahr]]''' in [[Sistan]] and [[Baluchestan]] Province, [[Iran]].

*[[Pushkaletra]] (पुश्कलेत्र) :village where [[Jayāpira]] had war with his brother-in-law [[Jajja]], who had usurped his throne of [[Kashmir]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.89)

*[[Pushpānaḍa]] (पुष्पानड़) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.82) 

*[[Pushpananada]] : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.88)

*[[Rajagiri]] (राजगीर) :castle,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.265)

*[[Rajāgrahāra]] (राजाग्रहार) : built by [[Shachinara]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Rajakalasha]] (राजकलश) : house,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.170)

*[[Rājānagarden]] (राजान उद्यान) )  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.65, 77)

*'''[[Rajapuri]] (राजापुरी)''' - Modern [[Rajauri]], mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]]: [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.162, 166), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.176, 187, 208,210, 211, 241, 242,245, 256), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.264, 268, 292);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.25, 53, 76); ; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.108, 125, 126, 143); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.264)

*[[Ramanyatavi]] (रमन्यातवी) : destroyed villages, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.17)

*[[Rāmasha]] (रामश) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p. 256

*[[Ramusha]] (रमूष) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.29)

*[[Raneshvara]] (रानेश्वर) : shrine,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.176)

*[[Ranggavāta]] (रंगवात) :place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.296),

*'''[[Ratnapura]]''' (रत्नपुर)  : a town of great value founded by [[Ratnadevi]], queen of [[Jayasimha]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.218)

*[[Ratnasvami]] (रत्न स्वामी) :temple by [[Ratnadevi]], queen of [[Jayasimha]] , [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.104) 

*[[Ratnavarsha]] (रत्नवर्ष) : a hill fort [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.44)

*[[Rohana]] (रोहण) : hill in [[Ceylon]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.37)

*[[Sabarnika]] (सबर्निक) : village revered in [[Lohara]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.203)

*[[Sadashiva]] (सदाशिव) : temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.181, 218)

*[[Sāhya]] (साह्य) - village near [[Kugrāma]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.106)

*[[Sakhelakhagikahai]]: village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.22)

*[[Samāngāsāshanāra]] (समांगासाशनार) :built by [[Shachinara]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Samarasvami]] (समरस्वामी) : temple, god setup by [[Samara]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.107,115), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.252)

*[[Samudradhāra]] (समुद्रधार) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.253

*[[Saura]] (सौरा) : town built by [[Surendra]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Saṅkaṭa]] (संकट)  - hill [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.145, 146)

*[[Sannāramulaka]] (सन्नारमूलक) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.269

*[[Selyapura]] (सेल्यपुर) :  city, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.18); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.204)

*[[Shamālā]] (समाला) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.85, 86, 96); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] ( p.256, 287, 289)

*[[Shamāgāsa]] (समागास)  : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.55)

*[[Shamika]] (शमिक) :road,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.194)

*[[Sharitaka]] (शरितक) : village founded by [[Pravarasena]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.53)

*[[Shimika]] (शिमिक) : place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.154)

*[[Shamāla]] (शमाल) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.256

*[[Shilikākoṣhta]] (शिलिकाकोष्ट) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.137)

*[[Shirahshila]] (शिरहशिल)  - fort [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.223)

*[[Shralhakka]]:place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.128)

*[[Shri Parvata]] (श्रीपर्वत) :hill,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.83)

*[[Shrikantha]] (श्रीकंठ) :temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.155)

*[[Shripadmashri]] (श्रीपद्मश्री) :a place for the distribution of water,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.290)

*[[Shukavali]] (शूकवली) :village, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.8); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.108)

*[[Shukhavardhamana]] (सुखवर्धन): village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.73)

*[[Shukradanta]] (शुक्रदंत) : house of charity,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.90) 

*[[Sinhadvara]] (सिंहद्वार) :the Lion-gate,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.159)

*[[Sinharotsika]] (सिंहरोत्सिक) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.55)

*[[Sinoasvami]]:god,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.163)

*[[Skanda]] (स्कन्द) :god, temple, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.151), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.170); 
*[[Skanda]]  - temple [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.124)

*[[Skandapura]] (स्कंदपुर) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.22)

*[[Sodara]] (सोदर) : god,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.10), shrine, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.35)

*[[Somananda]] (सोमनन्द) :[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.295),

*[[Someshvara]] (सोमेश्वर) :god,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.295),

*[[Srivijayesha]] (श्रीविजयेश) : temple,  the great grandson of [[Shakuni]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)
*[[Sthaneshvara]] (स्थानेश्वर) : god, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.161)

*[[Subhatamatha]] (सुभातमठ) :temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.181)

*[[Sullāvihara]] (सुल्लाविहार)  - vihara repaired by [[Simharaja]], [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.307) 

*[[Shuramatha]] (शुरमठ) :shrine,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.157)

*[[Shura-matha]] (शूरमठ): temple , [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.108)

*'''[[Shurapura]]''' (शुरपुर)  : also [[Surapura]], city, town built by[[Sura]]. [[Alexander Cunningham]]<ref>[[The Ancient Geography of India/Kingdom of Kashmir]],p.99</ref> writes that '''[[Surapura]]''', the modern [[Supur]] or '''[[Sopur]]''', is situated on both banks of the [[Behat River]], immediately to the west of the Great Wular Lake. It was originally called [[Kumbuva]], and under this name it is mentioned in the chronicles of Kashmir as early as the beginning of the '''fifth century'''.<ref>Ibid., iii. 227. </ref> It was rebuilt by [[Sura]], the minister of [[Avanti Varmma]], between A.D. '''854''' and '''883''', after whom it was called [[Surapura]]. Mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]]:  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.45),[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.108),  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.209), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.272,273);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.96); ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.108,  120, 130, 136); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.254) . [[Surapura]]: city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.285),

*[[Shrikalyanapura]] (श्री कल्याणपुर)  : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.97); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.210) 

*[[Shṛiṅgārabhaṭṭa]] (शृंगारभट्ट )  :  matha of near that of Bhaṭṭāraka, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.217)

*[[Shvabhia]] (श्वाभिय) : fort [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.164)

*[[Siddhachchhatra]] (सिद्धच्छत्र)  : where rough out caste people of [[Dravida]] formerly lived, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.219)

*[[Simhapura]] (सिंहपुर) : village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.218). [[Alexander Cunningham]]<ref>[[The Ancient Geography of India/Singhapura]], pp. 127</ref> has identified Singhapura with [[Katas]]  village near Choa Saidanshah in the [[Chakwal]] district of Punjab in [[Pakistan]]. 

*[[Siphinnā]] (सिफिन्ना) : village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.58)

*[[Sthāma]] (स्थाम) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.57)

*[[Sugandhapura]] (सुगंध पुर) :town built after queen [[Sugandha]] (904-906 AD), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.123)

*[[Sumeru]] (सुमेरु) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.293)

*[[Sun temple]] (सूर्यमन्दिर) :[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.221)

*[[Suryyapura]] (सूर्यपुर) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]], p.288

*[[Sulhari]] (सुल्हरी) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.131, 137)

*'''[[Sunishchitapura]]''' (सुनिश्चितपुर) ([[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|IV, p.70]]) - " City of Certainty.", When [[Lalitaditya]] set out on his expedition, he felt certain of conquest, and built this town. The ruins of city were destroyed by Muslim Invaders. It has not yet been identified by historians but it may be identified with '''[[Sunti Pora]]'''  village in [[Kupwara]]  tahsil in [[Kupwara]] district of the Indian union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*[[Suramatha]] (सुरमठ) :temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.159)

*[[Sureshvara]] (सुरेश्वर) :shrine, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.152)

*[[Sureshvari]] (सुरेश्वरी) :shrine , [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.108)

*[[Suvarna-mani]] (सुवर्णमणी) : canal, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8)

*[[Suvarnapārshva]] (सुवर्णपार्श्व) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.101) 

*[[Suvarnasānura]] (सुवर्णसानुर):village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.285),

*[[Suvarnasanu]] (सुवर्णसानु) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.96)

*[[Suyyakundala]] (सुय्य कुंडल) :city built bu [[Suyya]] on [[Vitasta]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.114)

*[[Svāpika]] (स्वापिक) :fortress,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.212)

*[[Tamori]] (तमोरी)  - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.204)

*[[Taramula]] (तरमूल) : place,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.273),

*[[Taramulaka]] (तरमूलक) - place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.269, 271); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] (p.260, 271, 286, 288) 

*[[Tarudurga]] (तरुदुर्ग)  - (Giridurga) ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.202))

*[[Thalyoraka]] (थाल्योरक) - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.57)

*[[Tilagrama]] (तिलग्राम)  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] p.227

*[[Trigrama|Trigrāmi]] (त्रिग्राम)  - place from where [[Sindhu]] flowed to the left, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.113); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.78); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]] p.311

*[[Tripura]] (त्रिपुर) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.270)

*[[Tripuresha]] (त्रिपुरेश) :hill, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.115)

*[[Tulamula]] (तुलमुल) : place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.99) 

*[[Udipapārnvāla]] (उदिपपार्णवाल): mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]], p.121]]).

*'''[[Udipapura ]]''' (उदिपपुर):  is mentioned in [[Rajatarangini]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i), p.122]]). It is identified with present '''[[Odi Pora]]''' in [[Pulwama]] district of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].

*[[Udiyakradita]] (उदीयक्रदित) :village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.261)

*[[Uijjayani]] (उज्जयनी)  -[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.318)

*[[Ujjain]] (उज्जैन) : city,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.26)

*[[Urasha]] (उरश) : city, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.121), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.184)

*[[Vaḍausaka]] (वड़ौसक) : ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.108)

*[[Vaḍḍautsa]] (वड़ौत्स) - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.112)

*[[Vaddivasaparnotasa]]:village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.164)

*[[Vahnipuraka]]:village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.284)

*[[Vainyasvami]] (वैन्यस्वामी) : where [[Vitasta]] and [[Sindhu]] on the right were made to meet one another, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.113)

*[[Vakkashtatavi]] (वाक्कश्ततवी) : place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.29)

*[[Valeraka]] (वलेरक) :tank, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262)

*[[Valgamatha]] (वल्गमठ) :temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.163)

*[[Vallapura]] (वल्लपुर) : City, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.184, 211); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.219)

*[[Vallāsaka]] (वल्लासक) :  a place within the Kashmirian territory, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.122)

*[[Vanagrāma]] (वनग्राम ) : ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]],p.123). '''Identification''': There is a village  '''[[Wanagam]]''' in [[Bandipora]] district in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]].


*[[Vāṇalinga]] (वाणलिंग) :  set up by [[Sangiya]],  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.310) 

*[[Vāṇashala]] (वाणशल) - fort [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.144) 

*[[Vanikāvāma]] (वनिकावाम)  - ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.165)

*[[Vapyanila]] (वप्यनिल) : ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.176)

*[[Varaha]] (वराह) :  shrine of Varaha in the neighbourhood of [[Hushkapura]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.155, 156), son of [[Prasidapala]],[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.183), an incarnation of Vishnu,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.269),

*[[Varahamula]] (वराहमूल) : place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.269),
*[[Varanasi]]: city,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.50, 51), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.216); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.105)

*[[Varahavartta]] (वराहव्रत)  - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]](p.17)

*[[Varhanachakra]] (वरहनचक्र)  - village [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.22)

*[[Vashtuka|Vaṣhṭuka]] (वषटुक) - village in the province of Kheri, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.108, 125)

*[[Vataganda]] (वतगंद) :place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.258)

*[[Vidura]] (विदुर) : ground, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.76)

*[[Vijayakshetra]] (विजयक्षेत्र)  -  temple of [[Mahadeva]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.17), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.192, 194, 199,206,  221, 222), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.274, 284),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.16, 78, 44, 83, 85, 89, 90, 91, 97); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.129, 148, 155); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.305)

*[[Vijjavihara]] (विज्ज विहार) : Dhanya had commenced building a Vihara named Vijja, after the name of his beloved wife Vijja, [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.310)

*[[Vilava]] (विल्व) :village,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.245)

*[[Vilvavana]] (विल्ववन)  : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.34)

*[[Vimalashva]] (विमलाश्व) : village, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.104) 
*[[Vinayaditya]] (विनयादित्य): Name adopted by [[Jayapira]], [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] p.92 
*[[Vinayadityapura]] (विनयादित्यपुर) : city in the east founded by [[Vinayaditya]] ([[Jayapira]]), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] p.92

*[[Vinddhya]] (विंध्य) : mountain, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.46); hills, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.69), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.116)

*[[Viranaka]] (वीरनक)  : a town of the [[Khashas]], [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.35)

*[[Vishalata|Vishalāṭā]] (विशलाटा) : [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.92); ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p.144, 151)

*[[Vishchika]] (विश्चिक) : place, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.22)

*[[Vishālāṇṭa]] (विशालाण्टा) - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.58, 60, 96);

*[[Visharākuta]] (विश्राकूट) : in [[Mandala]],[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.38)

*[[Vashtuka|Vaṣhṭuka]] (वश्टुक) - village in the province of [[Kheri Kashmir|Kheri]] ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|VIII (i)]], p. 108, 125)

*[[Vishoka]] (विशोक) :hill,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.151)

*[[Vishokakota]] (विशोककोट): hill, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.61)

*[[Yakshadara]] (यक्षदर) : place in  in Kramarajya,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.112)

*[[Yashaskarasvami]] (यशस्कर स्वामी) : temple,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.151)

Note - The Book - [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=43Fzt-G_-XYC&pg=PA152&dq=bhuttapura&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwipgezXuujMAhVBQ5QKHYvkCS0Q6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&q=bhuttapura&f=false Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography, Volume 1 By Subodh Kapoor] may help to identify these places.

== Rivers and Lakes in Rajatarangini ==
:''Here is the list of Rivers mentioned in Rajatarangini in various sections''
*[[Balaharī]] - River [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]], p.265

*[[Bhattaranadvala]]:River,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.246)

*[[Chandrabhaga River]] - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.56); [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.99) ; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.47, 53)

*[[Chandrakulya]]: river,  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.19)

*[[Chanula]]:river, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.114)

*[[Dharmmavibhramadarpana]] - [[Bhuṭṭa]] excavated a tank at village [[Maḍava]] [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.217

*[[Dugdhapravaha]] - river [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.229

*[[Gambhira River]] - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] p.128

*'''[[Ganges]]''' - river, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.5), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.45, 52, 54, 60), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.84), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.156), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.203, 212, 236); ([[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]],p.197-198) tells.... But in order to help '''[[Nagapala]]''', the king gave him his own army, crushed the pride of his enemies and re-established the stability of the kingdom. In the meantime [[Koshtaka]] returned after his ablutions in the '''[[Ganges]]''', and taking '''[[Mallarjjuna]]''' on his side, set about to raise a faction in the kingdom. At the time of the '''solar eclipse''', the prince '''[[Mallarjjuna]]''' was at '''[[Kurukshetra]]'''. It was in 1133 AD. Ganges is mentioned in [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.5, 84); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.138, 141, 143, 144, 197, 198, 203, 213); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.222, 238, 298, 310, 311, 313, 315)

*[[Indus River]] - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p. 290)

*[[Kālagandikā]]: river, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.94), 95) 

*[[Karnejapa River]] - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.260),; [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.11)

*[[Kaveri ]]: river, The army of king [[Lalitaditya]] then rested on the banks of the Kaveri, beneath the palm trees, drinking the water of coconuts, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.69)

*[[Kshiptika]] - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.63, 81, 85, 86, 90, 95, 96, 99); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] ( p.192);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] ( p.289)

*[[Kuntavahini]]: river, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.76) 

*[[Madhumati River]] - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.112, 128, 138), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.260), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.262, 270); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.223, 225, 246, 263)

*[[Mahapadma]] - lake, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.114);  [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.288)

*[[Mahasarit]] - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.20, 63, 64, 94, 98)

*[[Narmada River]]: Mentioned in the reign of [[Sandhimati]] (22 BC),  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book II|Book II]] (p.32) 

*[[Nilabhu]] - [[Kashyapāgāra]], district in which river [[Nilabhu]] flows eastward [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|VIII (ii)]],p.311

*[[Paroshni]] - [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p.177) = [[Parushni]]

*[[Reva]]: river, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.46)

*[[Sindhu River]] - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.113), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.237), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.291; [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.163); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]]  (p.35, 43, 89, 91, 96); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.223) 

*[[Sohāradānā]] - river VIII (ii) p.315

*[[Vaitarani]]:river,[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.273)

*[[Vitasta River]] - [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book I|Book I]] (p.8, 12), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.53,54),  [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.71, 76, 83, 90, 104), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book V|Book V]] (p.112, 113, 114, 125), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VI|Book VI]] (p.150, 163), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.181, 183, 205, 211, 237), build a bridge on, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII|Book VII]] (p.250), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book VII (i)|Book VII (i)]] (p.274, 283, 291); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]] (p.20,29, 35, 36, 43, 49, 61, 85, 90, 91,  96, 100, 101), [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i)|Book VIII (i)]] (p. 129, 151,218); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p. 290); [[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii)|Book VIII (ii)]] (p.290, 310, 311)

*[[Vitola]]-[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII|Book VIII]]  (p.79)

*[[Yamuna]]: river, [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book III|Book III]] (p.52), [[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV|Book IV]] (p.68)

== Jat history ==
'''[[Gonanda]] (गॊनन्द)'''  was a King mentioned in [[Mahabharata]] (IX.44.60). Rajatarangini (I.59) lists Gonanda I as the first king of Kashmir. Many Jat clans have originated from [[Gonanda]] like:

*[[Ghuman]] - [[Pargiter]] compares the name [[Gomana]] with [[Godhara]] and [[Gonanda]]. 

*[[Godhe]] - [[Godhe]] are said to be descendants of King of [[Kashmir]] [[Gonanda]]/[[Gonarda]] (गोनर्द) . <ref>[[Mahendra Singh Arya]] et al.: [[Adhunik Jat Itihas]], Agra 1998,  p. 237</ref>

*[[Gondal]] - [[Gondal]] are said to be the descendants of King of [[Kashmir]] [[Gonanda]]/[[Gonarda]]. <ref>[[Mahendra Singh Arya]] et al.: [[Adhunik Jat Itihas]], Agra 1998,  p. 237</ref>

'''[[Godhara]]''' of another family ruled Rajatarangini (I.95). [[Godhara]] or [[Godara]] are [[Jat clans]].

'''[[Jalauka]]''' - [[Ashoka the Great]] (273-232 BCE) built many stupas in Kashmir, and was succeeded by his son [[Jalauka]]. [[Bhim Singh Dahiya]]<ref>[[Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Porus and the Mauryas]],pp. 172-173</ref> writes that Here we must note that [[Dahla]] or [[Dhila]], [[Phur]], [[Juna]], and of course [[Chandragupta Maurya]]-all are [[Jats]] of the [[Dhillon]], [[Por]]/[[Phor]], [[Juna]] and [[Maurya]] clans. It is possible that [[Juna]] of Muslim writers may be the [[Jalauka]] of [[Rajatarangini]] of [[Kalhana]] who expressly states that [[Jalauka]], the successor of [[Asoka]] in Kashmir, conquered the country up to [[Kanauj]] (Kanya Kubja.)(Rajat, 1. 117) "This implies that the successor of [[Asoka]] at [[Pataliputra]] in [[Magadha]], lost his hold over the western half of India, up to [[Kanya Kubja]]" This remark of [[Kalhana]] makes it clear that '''[[Kanya Kubja]]''' was the dividing line between the dominions of the successors of [[Asoka]] in [[Kashmir]] and [[Magadha]]."  This fact of conquest of [[Kanauj]], by [[Juna]]/[[Jalauka]] of the [[Por]] clan, after [[Asoka]], is thus confirmed from two sources, viz., '''[[Farishta]]''' and [[Kalhana]]. The third confirmation comes from '''Parishishta Parvan''' of Hema Chandra which says that [[Samprati]], successor of [[Asoka]] in [[Magadha]], ruled over the eastern half of India, including the Deccan. This Will clear a lot of confusion about the successors of [[Asoka Maurya]].

Our purpose here is not to write history but to identify the ethnic group to which the various Indian rulers and clans belonged, and to find out whether their descendants are still existing. It is our contention that practically nothing is completely wiped out from the earth and this applies to matter as well as to the people in fact much more to the people than to matter. '''The search should be to find out the present descendants of the ancient ruling clans.''' It wil1 be found that only in rare cases, has a whole clan or ruling group, lost its identity leaving behind no trace of It. As a rule the ancient people wil1 be still found existing in better or worse surroundings. The present [[Por]] [[Jats]] are the descendants of ancient [[Paura]]s and belong to the same clan as that of [[Poros]] the great adversary of Alexander and the [[Paur]] kings of Puranas and [[Strabo]]. It is for the historians to find out their actual history. For the Muslim form [[Phur]]/[[Fur]] we must remember that in [[Arabic]] script, the letter ''''p'''' is written as ''''f''''. <sup>135</sup> Buddha Prakash has given evience from '''[[Shahanama]]''' and other sources showing the relations of [[Poros]] With '''Darius III'''. How [[Darius]] sought help from [[Poros]] whom he cal1ed "the ruler of the men of Hind, the man of wisdom, red and ardent soul" ....how [[Poros]] sent help to Darius against Alexander, but too late is al1 described by the learned author and need not be repeated here.<sup>136</sup> We  conclude this chapter on identification of [[Poros]] by quoting from McCrindle's Invasion to say that, "the name of [[Poros]] .... is formed from [[Paura]] or [[Paurava]] ....with the Greek termination 'os' added" <sup>137</sup>. The [[Por]]/[[Phor]] Jats are still existing and belong to this noble clan of [[Poros]].

'''[[Mauryas]]''' are the [[Mor]] clan of Jats.

'''[[Kushana]]s''': [[Hushka]], [[Jushka]] and [[Kanishka]] (127–147 CE) of the [[Bactrian]] [[Kushan Empire]] are mentioned in [[Jat History]] as [[Kaswan]] Jats.

'''[[Dhanchak]]''': [[Bhim Singh Dahiya]]<ref>[[Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity]],p.224</ref> refers
[[Rajatarangini]] which says that after defeating [[Yashovarman]] of [[Kannauj]], king [[Lalitaditya Muktapiḍa]] of [[Kashmir]] created five new high offices of treasury, etc., and these offices were given to [[Shahi]] princes Shahi is again a Jat clan. Even [[Daṇehaka]] (the present [[Dhanchak]] Jats) is mentioned as Commander-in-Chief of Army.

According to [[Bhim Singh Dahiya]]<ref>[[Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Introduction]],p.xi</ref> the [[Gondal]] clan represents the “Go-nanda” dynasty of [[Kashmir]], the [[Lohar]] jats are the descendants of the Lohar kings of Kashmir, just as the [[Lalli]], the [[Sahi]], the [[Balhara]], the [[Bring]], the [[Takhar]], the [[Dhonchak]], the [[Samil]],  the [[Kular]], and so on represent the people mentioned in the [[Rajatarangini]] of [[Kalhana]].


'''[[Tokhara]]''': [[Bhim Singh Dahiya]] writes that another [[Jat]], named [[Chankuna]] (चणकुण), of [[Tokhara]] clan, was chief minister of [[Lalitaditya]]. Why all these [[Jats]] were holding predominant positions unless the rulers themselves were [[Jats]] of [[Lohar]] and other clans? <ref>[[Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity]],p.225</ref>
==External Links==
*[https://archive.org/stream/RajataranginiOfKalhana-English-JogeshChunderDuttVolumes12/Rajatarangini-JogeshChunderDuttVol1_djvu.txt Full text of "Rajatarangini of Kalhana - English - Jogesh Chunder Dutt Volumes 1 & 2" ]
*[https://archive.org/stream/RajataranginiOfKalhana-English-JogeshChunderDuttVolumes12/Rajatarangini-JogeshChunderDuttVol1#page/n0/mode/2up Online Read only Format]

* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajatarangini
*[http://www.vbpcp.org/shankhnaad/9 shankhnaad]
== ललितादित्य के नेतृत्व में मध्य एशिया तक विजय   ==
Ref - [http://www.vbpcp.org/shankhnaad/9 Shankhnaad Website]

:विजीयते पुण्यबलैर्बर्यत्तु न शस्त्रिणम
:परलोकात ततो भीतिर्यस्मिन् निवसतां परम्।।

वहां (कश्मीर) पर शस्त्रों से नहीं केवल पुण्य बल द्वारा ही विजय प्राप्त की जा सकती है। वहां के निवासी केवल परलोक से भयभीत होते हैं न कि शस्त्रधारियों से। - ([[Kalhana Pandita|कल्हणकृत]] [[राजतरंगिणी]], प्रथम तरंग, श्लोक 39)

[[Kalhana Pandita|इतिहासकार कल्हण]] ने कश्मीर की गौरवमयी क्षात्र परंपरा और अजेयशक्ति पर गर्व किया है। विश्व में मस्तक ऊंचा करके चार हजार वर्षों तक स्वाभिमानपूर्वक स्वतंत्रता का भोग कश्मीर ने अपने बाहुबल पर किया है। इस धरती के शूरवीरों ने कभी विदेशी आक्रमणकारियों और उनके शस्त्रों के सम्मुख मस्तक नहीं झुकाए थे। इस पुण्य धरती के रणघोष सारे संसार ने सुने हैं। यहां के विश्वविजेता सेनानायकों के युद्धाभिमानों का लोहा समस्त विश्व ने माना है। आधुनिक इतिहास के पन्ने भी साक्षी हैं कि कश्मीरी खड्ग के वार [[Central Asia|मध्य एशिया]] के सुदूर क्षेत्रों तक हुए थे। 

कश्मीर का सर्वत्र बोलबाला [[Mahabharata War|महाभारत युद्ध]] से प्रारंभ हुआ [[Kashmira|कश्मीर]] का ज्ञात इतिहास संस्कृत के [[राजतरंगिणी]] नामक महाग्रंथ में आज भी उपलब्ध है। सम्राट [[Ashoka|अशोक]], शिव उपासक [[Jalauka|जालौक]], [[Meghavahana|मेघवाहन]], [[Durlabhavardhana|दुर्लभ वर्धन]], [[Chandrapira|चन्द्रापीड़]], [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]], [[Avantivarman|अवंति वर्मन]], [[Shankaravarman|शंकर वर्मन]], [[Samgramaraja|संग्राम राज]], त्रिलोचन पाल, [[Jayasimha|जय सिंह]], [[Didda|महारानी दिद्दा]] एवं [[Kotarasi|कोटारसी]] इत्यादि सैंकड़ों राजा-महाराजा हुए हैं, जिन्होंने कश्मीर की दिग्विजयी सांस्कृतिक और मानवीय धरोहर को अक्षुण्ण बनाए रखा। आठवीं शताब्दी के सबसे शक्तिशाली भारतीय सम्राट [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] के समय कश्मीर और कश्मीरियत का बोलबाला पूरे भारत सहित आज के मध्य एशिया तक था।

[[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] जब अपनी सेना के साथ [[Punjab|पंजाब]] के कूच पर निकला तो पंजाब की जनता ने उसके स्वागत में पलक पांवड़े बिछा दिए। पंजाब के शासक [[Yashovarman|यशोवर्मन]] को पदच्युत करके पंजाब को कश्मीर राज्य की सीमाओं में मिलाया गया। [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] ने अपने सैन्य अभियान से बंगाल, बिहार, उड़ीसा तक अपने साम्राज्य का विस्तार किया। यह सैनिक कूच गुजरात, मालवा और मेवाड़ तक सफलतापूर्वक आगे ही आगे बढ़ता गया। ललितादित्य के इन सफल युद्ध अभियानों के कारण भारत ही नहीं समूचे विश्व में कश्मीर की धरती के पराक्रमी पुत्रों का नाम यशस्वी हुआ। कश्मीरी लोगों के क्षात्र तेज के आगे बड़े-बड़े साम्राज्य नतमस्तक हुए।

दिग्विजयी कश्मीरी प्रतिभा सुदूर दक्षिण तक विजय प्राप्त करके सम्राट [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] अब और भी ऊंचे शिखरों को नापने के लिए लालायित हो उठे। इतिहासकार मजूमदार के शब्दों में, 'दक्षिण की इन महत्वपूर्ण विजयों के बाद ललितादित्य ने कश्मीर की उत्तरी सीमाओं पर स्थित क्षेत्रों का ध्यान दिया। उस समय भारत से [[चीन]] तक के कारवां मार्गों को नियंत्रित करने वाली [[Karakoram|कराकोरम]] पर्वत श्रृंखला के सबसे अगले स्थल तक उसका साम्राज्य फैला था। उल्लेखनीय है कि आठवीं सदी के शुरू होते ही अरबों का आक्रमण [[Kabul|काबुल घाटी]] को चुनौती दे रहा था। इसी दौरान [[Sindh|सिंध]] के रास्ते से मुस्लिम शक्ति उत्तर की ओर बढ़ने का प्रयास कर रही थी। जिस समय [[Kabul|काबुल]] और [[Gandhar|गांधार]] का शाही साम्राज्य इन आक्रमणों में व्यस्त था, [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] के लिए उत्तर दिशा में पांव जमाने का एक सुंदर अवसर था। अपनी विजयी सेना के साथ वह [[Darda|दर्द]] देश ([[Dardistan|दर्दिस्तान]]) में से [[Turkistan|तुर्किस्तान]] ([[Turkey|तुर्की]]) की ओर बढ़ा। असंख्य कश्मीरी भिक्षुओं तथा [[Central Asia|मध्य एशियाई]] नगरों के कश्मीरी लोगों के प्रयासों के फलस्वरूप पूरा क्षेत्र कश्मीरी परंपराओं तथा शिक्षा से समृद्ध था। अतएव यह समझना कठिन नहीं है कि ललितादित्य के मार्गदर्शन में कश्मीरी सेना ने वहां सरलता से विजय प्राप्त कर ली। टैंग शासन की समाप्ति तथा भीतरी असैनिक युद्धों आदि के कारण जिस चीनी साम्राज्य के अधीन वह आए थे वह पहले ही खंड खंड हो रहा था।' (आर.सी.मजूमदार, एशिएंट इंडिया पृ.383)

'''सार्वजनिक आदर्शों की नींव''' [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] ने अपने सैनिक जीवन के अतिरिक्त भी अनेक क्षेत्रों में रुचि दिखाई। उनके शासनकाल में व्यापार एवं कला को महत्व दिया गया। धार्मिक उत्सवों के आयोजन होते थे। चित्रकला, मूर्तिकला के क्षेत्रों में ललितादित्य ने विशेष प्रोत्साहन एवं सुविधाएं प्रदान कीं। ललितादित्य एक सफल लेखक और वीणावादक भी थे। इतिहासकार बामजाई लिखते हैं- '[[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] की सैनिक विजयों को उसके विभिन्न शासनकालीन वर्णनों में महत्वपूर्ण स्थान मिला है। बाद के समय में भी उसे कश्मीरियों का हीरो बताया गया है। निर्माण कला व जनकल्याण के उसके महान कार्यों, शिक्षा के प्रति प्रेम, विद्वानों के संरक्षण और दयालु विजेता रूपी गुणों के कारण उसकी गणना कश्मीर के बड़े-बड़े शासकों में होती है।'

उस समय का भारतीय कश्मीर सार्वजनिक जीवन के प्राय: सभी क्षेत्रों में विकास का मुख्य केन्द्र था। प्रत्येक नागरिक को उन्नति के समान अवसर उपलब्ध थे। सम्राट [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] ने जहां एक ओर धर्म की स्थापना तथा संरक्षण के लिए शक्ति की उपासना की, वहीं दूसरी ओर उसने सह अस्तित्व, सत्य, अहिंसा जैसे सिद्धांतों की रक्षा के भी अनेक प्रयास किए।

सर्वश्रेष्ठ हिन्दू निर्माण कला सम्राट [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] का अत्यंत सुंदर एवं चिरस्मरणीय कार्य है उनके द्वारा निर्मित विशाल [[Martand|मार्तण्ड मंदिर]] जिसे सम्राट ने भगवान भास्कर सूर्यदेव (आदित्य) के सम्मान में बनवाया था। उल्लेखनीय है कि सम्राट ललितादित्य स्वयं भी सूर्यवंशीय क्षत्रिय थे। मंदिर निर्माण की अतुलनीय शैली और इसे बनाने की अतुलनीय क्षमता विश्व के इतिहास में दुर्लभ है।

इतिहासकार स्टैंन कहता है 'ललितादित्य कालीन नगरों, कस्बों तथा भग्नावशेषों को पूरे विश्वास के साथ ढूंढ निकालना संभव नहीं है। परंतु इनमें से जो जो पाए गए हैं उनके भव्य भग्नावशेषों से उस प्रसिद्धि का पता चलता है जो निर्माता के रूप में ललितादित्य को प्राप्त थी। मार्तण्ड के भव्य मंदिर के अवशेष जिसे सम्राट ने इसी नाम के तीर्थ स्थल पर बनवाया था, आज भी प्राचीन हिन्दू निर्माण कला का सबसे अनूठा उदाहरण है। अपनी वर्तमान क्षत-विक्षत अवस्था में इन भग्नावशेषों को उनके आकार-प्रकार तथा निर्माण कला संबंधी डिजाइन व सुंदरता के कारण सराहा जाता है।' (स्टैंन ट्राशलेशल आफ राजतरंगिणी पृ.60)

सुखी सम्पन्न समाज रचना इतिहासकार यंगहस्बैंड के अनुसार 'विश्व के महान निर्माण कला नमूनों में मार्तण्ड का बहुत ऊंचा स्थान है। यह केवल कश्मीरी निर्माण कला का सर्वश्रेष्ठ उदाहरण ही नहीं है, बल्कि इसे विश्व के सबसे बढ़िया स्थल पर बनने का गौरव प्राप्त है। पॉर्थीनान, ताजमहल, सेंटपीटर्स, एक्सक्यूरियल भवनों से भी उमदा स्थलों पर। हम इसे शेष सभी महान भवनों का प्रतिनिधि या इनके सभी गुणों का जोड़ मान सकते हैं। इसी से हमें कश्मीरी लोगों की सर्वश्रेष्ठता का ज्ञान हो सकता है।

'[[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] के शासनकाल में समाज बहुत सुखी एवं सम्पन्न था। एशिया के प्राय: सभी देशों के साथ खुली '''व्यापार व्यवस्था''' थी। खेती के लिए अनेक सुविधाएं थीं और अनेक नवीन खोजें की गईं। जलसंचार योजना को महत्व दिया गया। ललितादित्य ने विदेशों में अपने विजय स्मृति स्थल बनवाए। '''[[Sunishchitapura|सुनिश्चितपुर]]''' और '''[[Darpitapura|दर्पितपुर]]''' नामक दो महानगरों का वर्णन [[राजतरंगिणी]] में आता है, यद्यपि इन नगरों के खंडहर तक भी मुस्लिम हमलावरों ने समाप्त कर दिए हैं। उसने [[Phalapura|फलपुर]] और [[Parnotsava|पर्णोत्सव]] नाम के भी दो नगर बसाए। [[Phalapura|फलपुर]] आजकल [[Shadipur|शादीपुर गांव]] है और [[Parnotsa|पर्णोत्सव]] नगर आजकल का [[Punchh|पुंछ]] है। [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] ने [[Lalitapura|ललितपुर]] में जो आजकल का [[Leta Pora|लेतापुर]] है एक बड़ा मंदिर बनवाया। [[Hushkapura|हुष्कपुर]] में जो आजकल [[Ushkur|उशकुर]] है, सम्राट ने एक बड़ा विहार एवं बौद्ध मंदिर का निर्माण करवाया। कश्मीर के इतिहास में [[Martanda|मार्तण्ड]] का मंदिर और [[Parihasapura|परिहासपुर]] शहर अमर है। आजकल के [[Shadipur|शादीपुर]] के पास ही [[Parihasapura|परिहासपुर नगर]] था।' (कश्मीर, गोपीनाथ श्रीवास्तव, पृ.25)

आतंकी जिहाद की कालिमा [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] ने विदेश के अनेक प्रतिभाशाली लोगों को कश्मीर आने का निमंत्रण दिया। विदेशी इतिहासकार [[Apberuni|अलबरूनी]] के लेखन से पता चलता है कि सम्राट ने एक तुर्क सरदार [[Kanyakunya|कान्यकुन्य]] को अपना मंत्री बनाया। बाद में इस सरदार ने [[Buddhism|बौद्ध मत]] को स्वीकार कर लिया। इसी समय से कश्मीर में एक वार्षिक उत्सव की प्रथा चली। यह विजयोत्सव सम्राट [[Lalitaditya|ललितादित्य]] की [[Turkey|तुर्किस्तान]] पर हुई विजय की स्मृति में अनेक शताब्दियों तक मनाया जाता रहा। ललितादित्य के साथ कश्मीर में हिन्दू स्वाभिमान का स्वर्ण युग प्रारंभ हुआ। हिन्दू धर्म की विशालता, सहिष्णुता का प्रतीक बन गया था सम्राट ललितादित्य। इस आभा को बाद के मुस्लिम आक्रांता शासकों ने बर्बाद कर दिया।

== See also ==
*[[Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira|Rajatarangini of Kalhana Pandita Vol.I, 1887]] - Complete Vol. 1 online p.303
*[[Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)|Rajatarangini of Kalhana Pandita Vol.II, 1887]] - Complete Vol. 2 online  p.320

*[[List of Persons and and Places in Rajatarangini Vol.1]]
*[[List of Persons and and Places in Rajatarangini Vol.2]]

==References==
<references/>
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