Azarbaijan
| Author: Laxman Burdak, IFS (R) |
Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan (Persian: آذربایجان; Āzarbāijān; Azerbaijani: آذربایجان), also Iranian Azerbaijan, Persian Azarbaijan is a region in northwestern Iran. It is also historically known as Atropatene and Aturpatakan.
ऐज़रबैजान
ऐजरबान - यह प्रान्त अरमेनिया के दक्षिण में स्थित है। ऐज़रबान अपभ्रंश है असुरभंजन[1]
ऐज़रबैजान - अरमेनियां के दक्षिण जहां पर देवासुर संग्राम हुआ था, ऐज़रबैजान कहलाता है। जो कि अपभ्रंश है असुरभंजन का (देखो हिस्टोरिकल लीजेन्ड्स आफ़ पर्शिया बाई जौन विल्सन डी० डी० एम० आर० ए० एस० अंग्रेजी (पृष्ठ 578)। क्योमर्ष ने साम्राज्य ईरान की स्थापना की और उसकी राजधानी प्रान्त ऐज़रबैजान नियत की। पहाड़ और जंगलों के रहने वाले जिंनों (असुरों) ने इन शुभकार्यों में बाधा डाली तथा देव और जिंनों का युद्ध आरम्भ हो गया। शाहनामा ईरान पृ० 4-5 पर इस युद्ध को “जंगवा लश्करे देवासार” लिखा है, जो कि अपभ्रंश है देवासुर का। वाल्मीकि रामायण, सर्ग 47, पृ० 112 पर इस युद्ध को देवासुर संग्राम लिखा है। उस समय विष्णु जी के प्रतिकूल जो असुर खड़ा हुआ उसी को ही विष्णु जी ने वैष्णवी चक्र से चूर्ण कर डाला॥43॥ इस प्रकार अदिति के वीर पुत्र अगणित दैत्य इस देवासुर संग्राम में मारे गये॥44॥[2]
Jat clan
Origin of name
The name "Āzar" (Persian: آذر) means Fire and Baijan was originally known as "Pāyegān" (Persian: پایگان) meaning Guardian/Protector. (Āzar Pāyegān = "Guardians of Fire") (Persian: آذر پایگان). Such name roots back to the "Zoroastrianism" era of Iran; However, after the Arab invasion of Iran many Persian words lost their original form as in Arabic there are no letter for pronouncing "G / P / ZH / CH"; Hence "Azar Paigān" came to be known as Azarbaijan.
The name Azerbaijan itself is derived from Atropates, [3] the Satrap (governor) of Medea in the Achaemenid empire, who ruled a region found in modern Iranian Azerbaijan called Atropatene. Atropates name is believed to be derived from the Old Persian roots meaning "protected by fire."[4] The name is also mentioned in the Avestan Frawardin Yasht: âterepâtahe ashaonô fravashîm ýazamaide which translates literally to: We worship the Fravashi of the holy Atare-pata.[5] َAccording to the Encyclopedia of Islam, the name of the province was pronounced as: In Middle Persian the name of the province was called Āturpātākān, older new-Persian Ādharbādhagān آذربادگان/آذرآبادگان, Ādharbāyagān, at present Āzerbāydjān/Āzarbāydjān, Greek ᾿Ατροπατήνη, Byzantine Greek ᾿Αδραβιγάνων, Armenian Atrpatakan, Syriac Adhorbāyghān.[6] The name Atropat in Middle Persian was transformed to Adharbad and is connected with Zoroastrianism. A famous Zoroastrian priest by the name Adarbad Mahraspandan is well known for his counsels.[7] Azerbaijan, due to its numerous fire-temples has also been quoted in a variety of historic sources as being the birthplace of the prophet Zoroaster although modern scholars have not yet reached an agreement on the location of his birth.[8]
External Links
- Official website of the Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan
- Website of the Embassy of India in Baku (Azerbaijan)
References
- ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV,p.412
- ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV (Page 336)
- ↑ Atroapates. Encyclopedia Iranica
- ↑ Encyclopædia Iranica, "ATROPATES" M. L. Chaumont.
- ↑ FRAWARDIN YASHT ("Hymn to the Guardian Angels") Translated by James Darmesteter (From Sacred Books of the East, American Edition, 1898)
- ↑ Minorsky, V.; Minorsky, V. "Azerbaijan" Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill
- ↑ R. C. Zaehner, The Teachings of the Magi, London, 1956, p. 101
- ↑ G. Gnoli, Zoroaster's time and homeland, Naples, 1980
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