Chiang Rai
| Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R) |
Chiang Rai (चींगराय) is the northernmost large city in Thailand. It is located in Mueang Chiang Rai District, Chiang Rai Province. Chiang Rai was established as a capital city in the reign of King Mangrai, in 1262 CE.
Contents
Origin
Variants
Chiang Rai (चींगराय) (AS, p.358)
History
The city was founded by King Mangrai in 1262[1] and became the capital of the Mangrai Dynasty. The word 'Chiang' means 'city' in Thai, so Chiang Rai would mean 'the City of (Mang) Rai'. Subsequently, Chiang Rai was conquered by Burma and remained under Burmese rule for several hundred years. It was not until 1786 that Chiang Rai became a Chiang Mai vassal. Siam (Thailand) annexed Chiang Mai in 1899, and Chiang Rai was proclaimed a province of Thailand in 1933.
In 1432, during the reign of King Sam Fang Kaen of the Mangrai Dynasty (1402–1441), the Phra Kaeo, or Emerald Buddha, the most revered Buddha statue, was discovered in Chiang Rai when an earthquake split the chedi at Wat Phra Kaeo of Chiang Rai city. The beautiful jade figure was then seen concealed within. Another telling of the story has the "Emerald Buddha" hastily covered in mud just before marauders entered to pillage. Many years later, the clunky-looking mud Buddha was found to actually house a magnificent jade statue, perhaps by way of the earthquake mentioned above—which caused a piece of the clay to break off—revealing the jade beneath.
Chiang Rai Province
Populations have dwelled in Chiang Rai since the 7th century and it became the center of the Lanna Kingdom during the 13th century. The region, rich in natural resources, was occupied by the Burmese until 1786.
Chiang Rai Province's golden triangle bordering Laos and Burma was once the hub of opium production.
Chiang Rai became a province in 1910, after being part of the Lanna Kingdom for centuries. After Lanna was incorporated into Thailand, it remained an autonomous region and thus the Chiang Rai area was administered from Chiang Mai.
जयप्राकार
जयप्राकार (AS, p.358) वियतनाम में मीकोंग नदी के दक्षिणी तट पर स्थित है। यह एक प्राचीन हिन्दू कालीन नगर है, जिसकी स्थापना स्थानीय पाली ग्रंथों के अनुसार, 9वीं शती ई. के उत्तरार्ध में स्याम के एक राजकुमार ने की थी। यह नगर चींगराय नामक ज़िले में स्थित था। [2]
External links
References
- ↑ Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of south-east Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1., p.208
- ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.358