Balder

Baldar (बलदार) Baldr (also Balder, Baldur) is a Æsir god of light, joy, purity, and the summer sun in Norse mythology, and a son of the god Odin and the goddess Frigg. He is the father of Forseti, and He has numerous brothers, such as Thor and Váli. Thakur Deshraj considers Woden to be an Uddhava clan Jat.

Variants of name

• Baldar
• Baldeer
• Baldor = "lord, prince, king"
• Baldor = "lord of warriors"
• Bealdor = "lord, prince, king"
• Baldere
• Baldr
• Baldag (Saxon)
• Bældæg = (Anglo-Saxon),
• Beldeg = (Anglo-Saxon),
• Belobog (Slavic)
• Berhta (German)
• Balderus

Etymology of the name

Jacob Grimm in his Teutonic Mythology (ch. 11) identifies Old Norse Baldr with the Old High German Baldere (2nd Merseburg Charm, Thuringia), Palter (theonym, Bavaria), Paltar (personal name) and with Old English bealdor, baldor "lord, prince, king" (used always with a genitive plural, as in gumena baldor "lord of men", wigena baldor "lord of warriors", et cetera). Old Norse shows this usage of the word as an honorific in a few cases, as in baldur î brynju (Sæm. 272b) and herbaldr (Sæm. 218b), both epithets of heroes in general.

Grimm traces the etymology of the name to *balþaz, whence Gothic balþs, Old English bald, Old High German pald, all meaning "bold, brave".

But the interpretation of Baldr as "the brave god" may be secondary. Baltic (cf. Lithuanian baltas, Latvian balts) has a word meaning "the white, the good", and Grimm speculates that the name may originate as a Baltic loan into Proto-Germanic. In continental Saxon and Anglo-Saxon tradition, the son of Woden is called not Bealdor but Baldag (Saxon) and Bældæg, Beldeg (Anglo-Saxon), which shows association with "day", possibly with Day personified as a deity. This, as Grimm points out, would agree with the meaning "shining one, white one, a god" derived from the meaning of Baltic baltas, further adducing Slavic Belobog and German Berhta.

Grimm's etymology is endorsed by modern research. According to Rudolf Simek, the original name for Baldr must be understood as 'shining day'.[3]

One of the two Merseburg Incantations names Baldere, but also mentions a figure named Phol, considered to be a byname for Baldr (as in Scandinavian Falr, Fjalarr; (in Saxo) Balderus : Fjallerus).

Writing at about the end of the 12th century, the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus tells the story of Baldr (recorded as Balderus) in a form which professes to be historical. According to him, Balderus and Høtherus were rival suitors for the hand of Nanna, daughter of Gewar, King of Norway. Balderus was a demigod and common steel could not wound his sacred body. The two rivals encountered each other in a terrific battle. Though Odin and Thor and the other gods fought for Balderus, he was defeated and fled away, and Høtherus married the princess.

Nevertheless Balderus took heart of grace and again met Høtherus in a stricken field. But he fared even worse than before. Høtherus dealt him a deadly wound with a magic sword, named Mistletoe,[11] which he had received from Miming, the satyr of the woods; after lingering three days in pain Balderus died of his injury and was buried with royal honours in a barrow.

There are also two lesser known Danish Latin chronicles, the Chronicon Lethrense and the Annales Lundenses of which the latter is included in the former. These two sources provide a second euhemerized account of Höðr's slaying of Baldr.

It relates that Hother was the king of the Saxons and son of Hothbrod and the daughter of Hadding. Hother first slew Othen's (i.e. Odin) son Balder in battle and then chased Othen and Thor. Finally, Othen's son Both killed Hother. Hother, Balder, Othen and Thor were incorrectly considered to be gods.

Utrecht Inscription

A Latin votive inscription from Utrecht, from the 3rd or 4th century C.E., has been theorized as containing the dative form Baldruo, pointing to a Latin nominative singular *Baldruus, which some have identified with the Norse/Germanic god, although both the reading and this interpretation have been questioned.

बलदार:ठाकुर देशराज

ठाकुर देशराज ने लिखा है .... वोडेन - यह उद्धव वंशी जाट थे। इनके नायकत्व में ईसा से 500 वर्ष पूर्व है जाटों ने ईरान के असीरिया से उठकर स्केंडिनेविया में प्रवेश किया था। स्कंदनाभ के धर्म ग्रंथ एड्डा में इनका नाम ओडिन लिखा हुआ है। जाटों से पहले के वहां के

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[पृ.163]: निवासी मृतक लोगों को जलाते नहीं थे किंतु गाड़ देते थे। बोधेन ने उन लोगों को शिक्षा देकर जलाने की प्रणाली जारी करा दी थी। बोधेन की सेना में एक बलदार नाम का सरदार था वह लड़ाई में काम आ गया। बलदार की स्त्री का नाम नन्ना देवी था। वह अपने पति के साथ सती हो गई थी।

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