Bijbehara

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Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R)
Anantnag district map

Bijbehara (बिजबेहरा) is a town and tahsil in Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir.

Variants

Location

Bijbehara is four miles to the north of Anantnag town. Bijbehara is located at 33.80°N 75.10°E. It has an average elevation of 1,591 metres. The town of Bijbehara is situated in the north of district headquarters on the banks of Jhelum River popularly known here as "Veth".

Origin

According to Rajatarangini [7] the place was called Vijjavihara(विज्जविहार) after Vijja, wife of Dhanya.

Jat clans

Villages in Bijbehara tahsil

Towns: 1 Bijbehara, 2 Arwani,

Villages: 1 Ader, 2 Aswara, 3 Bander Pora, 4 Beya Warah, 5 Chini Gund, 6 Chunda Pora, 7 Dari Gund, 8 Dupt Yar, 9 Gadhanji Pora, 10 Gantali Pora, 11 Gari Seer, 12 Gori , 13 Gund Chel , 14 Gund Nasir, 15 Gund Nowroze, 16 Hamzeh Pora , 17 Hati Gam, 18 Haussan Pora Bagh, 19 Hayar, 20 Inder Mooni, 21 Jabli Pora, 22 Kanalwan, 23 Kandi Pora, 24 Katu , 25 Khiram , 26 Khush Roi Kalan, 27 Kitriteng, 28 Krandi-Gam, 29 Mahind, 30 Marhama, 31 Meera Gund, 32 Niyana Gund Baba Khalil, 33 Now Shehra, 34 Opzan , 35 Rakh Hassain Pora, 36 Rakh Moman Dangit Pora, 37 Sangam, 38 Semithan, 39 Shala Gam, 40 Shiti Pora, 41 Sir Hama, 42 Sither Satghar, 43 Sotki Pora, 44 Subhan Pahari, 45 Takia Bal, 46 Thaji War, 47 Trubji, 48 Tula Khan, 49 Vedai, 50 Veeri, 51 Waghama,

Source - https://www.census2011.co.in/data/subdistrict/54-bijbehara-anantnag-jammu-and-kashmir.html

History

Bijbehara finds mention in Rajtarangini by Kalhan. Then famous for temples of Chakradhar and Vijayeshwar. Vijayeshwar temple was built by King Shachinar. This temple was reconstructed again during the reign of Anantadeva. This fortified temple was a famous site in then Kashmir (previous to 500 AD) .

The oldest Chinar tree of the sub-continent, at 70 feet circumference at ground level, is located among 24 others in a garden popularly known as Padshahi Bagh.

The Mughal Prince Dara Shikoh constructed a bridge here which was 100 yards long and 6 yards wide spanning the Jhelum River at Bijbehara near the Mughal garden. The bridge was washed away by heavy floods.

Guru Nanak had also paid a visit to this town and to commemorate this event presently a Gurudwara named "Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji Pehli Padshahi Gurudwara Bijbehara" at this place has been built.

In Rajatarangini

Rajatarangini [8] tells about Vijjavihara - Dhanya had commenced building a Vihara named Vijja, after the name of his beloved wife Vijja, who had gone to the next world. But after Dhanya had gone to the other world, the king spent some money from the remnant of Dhanya's estate to finish the Vihara. [VIII (ii), p.310]

Kashmir visit of Xuanzang in 631 AD

Alexander Cunningham[9] writes that The old town of Bij Biara, or Vijipara, is situated on both banks of the Behat River, at 25 miles to the south-east of the capital. The original name was Vijayapara, so called after the ancient temple of Vijayesa, which still exists, although its floor is 14 feet below the present level of the surrounding ground. This difference of level shows the accumulation of ruins since the date of its foundation. The people refer its erection to Asoka, B.C. 250, who is stated by Kalhan

[p.99]: Pandit[10] to have pulled down the old brick temple of Vijayesa, and to have rebuilt it of stone. This is apparently the same temple that is mentioned in the reign of Arya Raja, some centuries after Christ.[11]

Dara Shikoh Garden Bijbehara

Dara Shikoh Garden is a Mughal garden situated on a side of Bijbehara, Pahalgam road which is 45 km away from the capital Srinagar. It is situated on the bank of the river Jehlum. It constitutes centuries-old Chinar trees which were planted by the Mughal emperors which they brought from Iran and that is why it is also known as Town of Chinars. Dara Shikoh a Mughal Emperor, eldest son of the fifth king of Mughals Shah Jahan built the garden in the early 17th century and was opened on 1640 A.D.[12]

बिजबेहरा

दारा शिकोह मुगल गार्डन बिजबेहरा

बिजबेहरा (Bijbehara): भारत के जम्मू और कश्मीर राज्य के अनन्तनाग ज़िले में स्थित एक नगर और तहसील है।

नामकरण: बिजबिहारा का उल्लेख कल्हण की राजतरंगिणी में मिलता है, जिसमें यहाँ के चक्रधर और विज्येश्वर मंदिरों की प्रसिद्धी का वर्णन है। शहर का नाम विजयेश्वर से उत्पन्न मानाजाता है जो परिवर्तित होकर बिजबिहारा बना।

अलेक्जेन्डर कन्निंघम[13] ने लेख किया है कि बिजबिहारा अथवा विजिपर नाम का प्राचीन शहर बेहट नदी के दोनों किनारों पर राजधानी से 25 किमी दक्षिण-पूर्व में स्थित है। इसका मूल नाम विजयपर था जो प्राचीन विजयेश मंदिर के नाम पर पड़ा है जिसके प्रमाण अभी भी मिलते हैं।

कल्हण की राजतरंगिणी [14] में इस स्थान को विज्जविहार (Vijjavihara) बताया गया है जो द्वार देश के अधिपति धन्य (1127 ई.) की स्वर्गवासी पत्नी विज्ज के नाम पर निर्मित विहार के आधार पर पड़ा है।

दारा शिकोह (1615 – 1659 ई.) ने झेलम नदी पर मुगल गार्डन के समीप 100 गज लंबा और 6 गज चौड़ा एक पुल बनाया था जो बाढ़ में नष्ट हो गया। गुरु नानक इस स्थान पर आए थे जिनकी याद में एक गुरुद्वारा निर्मित किया गया है।

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[15] ने लेख किया है .....बीजबहेरा अथवा 'बिजबेहरा' (AS, p.634) श्रीनगर, कश्मीर से 28 मील (लगभग 44.8 कि.मी.) की दूरी पर स्थित है। इस स्थान पर एक अति प्राचीन चिनार का वृक्ष है। कहा जाता है कि यही वृक्ष सबसे पहले ईरान से कश्मीर लाया गया था। चिनार के वृक्ष को कश्मीर के प्रसिद्ध और सुंदर वृक्षों में माना गया है। बीजबहेरा का चिनार वृक्ष कश्मीर के चिनारों का आदिजनक माना जाता है। इस वृक्ष का तना भूमितल पर 54 फुट है, किंतु अब यह वृक्ष अंदर से खोखला हो गया है। बीजबहेरा के इस ऐतिहासिक वृक्ष से भारत-ईरान के प्राचीन संबंधों के बारे में सूचना मिलती है।

References

  1. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII(p.83, 84, 85, 91)
  2. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (p.63, 85)
  3. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i) p.129, 198, 198, 213,
  4. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (p.43, 48, 55, 64, 97)
  5. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i) p.127, 136
  6. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii) p.248
  7. ↑ VIII (ii), p.310
  8. ↑ VIII (ii), p.310
  9. ↑ The Ancient Geography of India/Kingdom of Kashmir,pp.98-99
  10. ↑ 'Raja Tarangini,' i. 105.
  11. ↑ Ibid., ii. 123.
  12. ↑ http://www.jktourism.org/
  13. ↑ The Ancient Geography of India/Kingdom of Kashmir,pp.98-99
  14. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii), p.310
  15. ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.634

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