Vyaghrapallika
| Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R) |
Vyaghrapallika (व्याघ्रपल्लिक) was an ancient village donated to Brahmanas and mentioned in Khoh Copper-plate Inscription of the Maharaja Sharvanatha (533-534 CE).
Variants
- Vyaghrapallika व्याघ्रपल्लिक दे. Khoh खोह अथवा Varahakshetra वराहक्षेत्र (AS, p.883)
Origin
History
Khoh Copper-plate Inscription of the Maharaja Sharvanatha (533-534 CE)
- Ôm! Hail! From Uchchakalpa; — (There was) the Mahârâja Ôghadêva. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) the Mahârâja Kumâradêvî, begotten on the Mahâdêvî Kumâradêvi. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) the Mahârâja Jayasvâmin, begotten on the Mahâdêvi Jayasvâminî. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) the Mahârâja Vyâghra, begotten on the Mahâdêvi Râmadêvi. His son, who meditated on his feet, (was) the Mahârâja Jayanâtha, begotten on the Mahâdêvi Ajjhitadêvî.
- (Line 6.)— His son, who meditates on his feet, the Mahârâja Sharvanâtha,— begotten on the Mahâdêvi Murundasvâminî — being in good health, issues a command to the residents, beginning with. the Brâhmans, at the villages of Vyâghrapallika and Kâcharapallika in the Maninâga pêtha: —
- (L. 8.)— "Be it known to you that these two villages were bestowed, as a mark of favour, upon Pulindabhata,— with the udranga and the uparikara; (with the privilege that they were not to be) entered by the irregular or the regular troops; with whatever had (by custom) accrued or might accrue in connection with the tribute of all the taxes which should not belong to the king; to endure for the same time with the moon and the sun; (but) with the exception of (the right to) fines imposed on thieves. And now they are granted by him to Kumârasvâmin, to be enjoyed by the succession of (his) sons and sons’ sons, for the purpose of the worship of the divine goddess Pishtapurikâdêvî at the temple which he has caused to be built at (the town of) Mânapura, and for the purpose of repairing whatever may become broken or torn. And, by (this) copper-plate charter, they have been assented to by me, according to the rule of bhûmichchhidra.
- (L. l4.)— "You yourselves, understanding (this), (and) being. obedient to (their) commands, shall render the tribute of the customary royalties, taxes, gold, âvâta, revenue, &c.
- (L. 16.)— "And those kings who shall be born in Our lineage,— by them this grant should not be confiscated, (but) according to opportunity should be increased (and) assented to and preserved. And none of the tribute of the taxes which should not belong to the king, should be taken.
- (L. 18.)— "And whosoever may confiscate this grant, he shall become invested with (the guilt of) the five great sins and the minor sins.
- (L. 19.)— And it has been said in the Mahâbhârata, in the Shatasâhasrî-Samhitâ, by Vyâsa, the arranger of the Vêdas, the supreme sage, the son of Parâshara,— "O Yudhishthira, best of kings, carefully preserve land that has previously been given to the twice-born; (verily) the preservation (of a grant) (is) more meritorious than making a grant! As a rule, indeed, no inauspicious condition is experienced by kings; but they are purified for ever, when they bestow land! The earth has been enjoyed by [many] kings, commencing with Sagara; whosoever at any time possesses the earth, to him belongs, at that time, the reward (of this grant that is now made, if he continue it)! The giver of land enjoys happiness in heaven for sixty thousand years; (but) the confiscator (of a grant), and he who assents (to an act of confiscation), shall dwell for the same number of years in hell! He who confiscates land that has been given, whether by himself, or by another,— he becomes a worm in the ordure of a dog, and sinks (into hell) together with his ancestors! Those who confiscate a previous grant, are born (again) as black serpents, inhabiting the dried-up hollows of trees, in desert places destitute of water!"
- (L. 27.)— (This charter) has been written in two centuries of years, increased by fourteen, on the sixth day of the month Pausha, by the Sâmdhivigrahika Nâtha, the great-grandson of the Anâtya Phalgudatta; the grandson of Varâhadinna; (and) the son of Manôratha. The Dûtaka (is) Dhritisvâmika.
- From: Fleet, John F. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum: Inscriptions of the Early Guptas. Vol. III. Calcutta: Government of India, Central Publications Branch, 1888, 138-139.
Notes -
- Vyâghrapallika (व्याघ्रपल्लिक) - Village in the Maninâga pêtha
- Kâcharapallika (काचरपल्लिक) - Village in the Maninâga pêtha
- Mânapura (मानपुर) - Pishtapurikâdêvî (Goddess Laxmi) temple was built at (the town of) Mânapura. Fleet considers this town to be Manpur village near Son River. This village manpur is in present Umariya district and is too far from Khoh Satna.
खोह
विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[1] ने लेख किया है ....खोह (AS, p.260) मध्य प्रदेश में नागोद के निकट स्थित एक ऐतिहासिक स्थान है। इस स्थान से गुप्त कालीन ताम्रपत्रों और दानपत्रों पर लिखे अभिलेख प्राप्त हुए हैं। इन दानपत्र अभिलेखों में ब्राह्मणों एवं मन्दिरों के नाम दान आदि दिये जाने का उल्लेख है। इन अभिलेखों में महाराज हस्तिन द्वारा वसुंतरशांडिक नामक ग्राम का गोपस्वामिन व अन्य ब्राह्मणों को ग्राम दान का उल्लेख है। इसकी तिथि 475 ई. है।
एक दूसरे दानपत्र में महाराज हस्तिन द्वारा कोर्पारिक ग्राम के दान में दिए जाने का उल्लेख है, यह दानपत्र 482 ई.का है।
तीसरे दानपत्र में 528 ई. में संक्षोभ द्वारा ओपानी ग्राम के पिष्ठपुरी देवी (लक्ष्मी) के मन्दिर को दान का उल्लेख है। इसी लेख में महाराज हस्तिन को डाभाल प्रदेश का शासक बताया गया है। जे.एफ.फ्लीट के मत में यह प्रदेश बुन्देलखण्ड का इलाक़ा है जिसे डाहल भी कहते हैं.
खोह से ही महाराज जयनाथ तथा उनके पुत्र महाराज सर्वनाथ के भी कई दानपत्र प्राप्त हुए हैं। प्रथम पट्ट 496 ई. उच्छकल्प से प्रचलित किया गया था. इसमें धवशांडिक ग्राम का भागवत (विष्णु) के मंदिर के लिए दान में दिए जाने का उल्लेख है. मंदिर की स्थापना ब्राह्मणों ने इस ग्राम में की थी. दूसरा दानपट्ट 512 ई. में लिखा गया था. इसमें महाराज सर्वनाथ द्वारा तमसा तटवर्ती आश्रमक नामक गांव का विष्णु तथा सूर्य के मंदिरों के लिए दान में दिए जाने का उल्लेख है. तमसा नदी मैहर की पहाड़ियों से निकलती है. तीसरा दानपट्ट (तिथि रहित) भी उच्छकल्प से प्रचलित किया गया था. इसमें महाराज सर्वनाथ द्वारा धवशांडिक ग्राम के अर्ध भाग को पिष्ठपुरिका देवी के मंदिर के लिए दान में दिए जाने का उल्लेख है. चौथा और पांचवां दानपट्ट भी महाराज सर्वनाथ
[p.261]: से ही संबंधित है. चौथे का विवरण नष्ट हो गया है. पांचवें में सर्वनाथ द्वारा मांगिक पेठ में स्थित व्याघ्रपल्लिक तथा काचरपल्लिक नामक ग्रामों का पिष्ठपुरिका देवी के मंदिर के लिए दान में दिए जाने का उल्लेख है. इसकी तिथि 533 ई. है इसमें जिस मानपुर का उल्लेख है वह स्थान फ्लीट के मत में सोन नदी के पास स्थित ग्राम मानपुर है. खोह के दानपट्ट से गुप्त कालीन शासन-व्यवस्था के अतिरिक्त उस समय की धार्मिक पद्धतियों एवं तत्कालीन सामाजिक स्थिति एवं धार्मिक विश्वास पर प्रकाश पड़ता है।