Abul Fazl
Abul Fazl (1551–1602) or Shaikh Abu al-Fazal ibn Mubarak (Persian: ابو الفضل) also known as Abu'l-Fazl, Abu'l Fadl and Abu'l-Fadl 'Allami was one of the nine gems of Akbar and the author of the book Ain-i-Akbari.
Wazir of Akbar
He was the vizier of the great Mughal emperor Akbar. He was author of the Akbarnama, the official history of Akbar's reign in three volumes. The third volume is known as the Ain-i-Akbari. He had done Persian translation of the Bible.[1]
Abul Fazl's ancestors
Abul Fazl's ancestors hailed from Yemen.[2] He was a descendant of Shaikh Musa who lived in Rel near Siwistan (Sehwan), Sindh, until the close of the 15th century.
His grandfather, Shaikh Khizr, moved to Nagaur which had attained importance as a sufi mystic centre under Shaikh Hamid-ud-din Sufi Sawali, a khalifa of Shaikh Muin-ud-din Chisti of Ajmer. At Nagaur Shaikh Khizr settled near the tomb of Shaikh Hamid-ud-din.
Abul Fazl's father, Shaikh Mubarak Nagori, was born in 1506 at Nagaur.[3] Soon after Fazl's birth, Khizr travelled to Sindh to bring other members of his family to Nagaur but he died on the way.
Assassination
Abul Fazl was assassinated while he was returning from the Deccan by Vir Singh Bundela (who later became the ruler of Orchha) between Sarai Vir and Antri (near Narwar) in a plot contrived by the Mughal Prince Salim, who later became the Emperor Jahangir in 1602, because Abu'l Fazl was known to oppose the accession of Prince Salim to the throne. His severed head was sent to Salim at Allahabad. Abul Fazl was buried at Antri.[4] [5]
Abu'l Fazl's son Shaikh\ Afzal Khan (1571 – 1613) was later appointed governor of Bihar in 1608 by Jahangir.
Abul Fazl on Jats
The Ain-i-Akbari compiled around 1595 enters the zamindar castes against each pargana within each Sarkar of Multan, Lahore, Delhi and Agra Subas indicating the Jat zamindars in 535 parganas out of 628 parganas. Jats are shown as a dominant socio-economic and political group in these Subas. The Jats are depicted in the Ain-i-Akbari as wide spread vigorous peasant castes in North India. Abul Fazl provides variety of information regarding their areas of habitation, their military strength, nature of the population of their areas, the agricultural productions, the revenue and its distribution in the form of grant. Other Mughal sources also describe the Jats as a socio-economically very important caste/community of the areas from Punjab to Agra-Mathura region.[6]
आजमपुर की पाठशाला
आजमपुर की पाठशाला: चाँदपुर के पास बास्टा से लगभग चार किलोमीटर दूर आजमपुर गाँव में अकबर के नवरत्नों में से दो अबुल फ़जल और फ़ैज़ी का जन्म हुआ था। अबुल फ़जल और फ़ैज़ी ने इसी गाँव की पाठशाला में शिक्षा प्राप्त की थी। अबुल फ़जल और फ़ैज़ी की बुद्धिमत्ता के कारण लोग आज भी पाठशाला के भवन की मिट्टी को अपने साथ ले जाते हैं। ऐसा विश्वास है कि इस स्कूल की मिट्टी चाटने से मंदबुद्धि बालक भी बुद्धिमान हो जाते हैं। [7]
References
- ↑ Abu al Fazl Biography and Works persian.packhum.org.
- ↑ Alvi Azra (1985). Socio Religious Outlook of Abul Fazl. Lahore Pakistan: Vanguard Books. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-210-40543-7.
- ↑ "Al-Badaoni. Emperor Akbar". .stetson.edu.
- ↑ Majumdar, R.C. (2007). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p. 167
- ↑ Blochmann, H. (tr.) (1927, reprint 1993) The Ain-I Akbari by Abu'l-Fazl Allami, Vol.I, The Asiatic Society, Calcutta, pp. lxviii–lxix
- ↑ The Jats Vol. 2: p. xvi
- ↑ भारतकोश-बिजनौर
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