Bhava Naga

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Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R)

Bhava Naga (भवनाग) (290-315 AD), Kantipuri was a Nagavanshi king of Bharashiva family in Nava Naga dynasty.[1]

Origin of word

Bhava (भव)  : Literally meaning 'coming into existence', Bhava is the name of Lord Siva. It also means 'the world'. [2] We find Bhava (भव) in Mahabharata (I.60.3), (1.66),(XIV.8.17), (XIV.8),(XIV.8.27), (XIV.8),

Mention by Panini

Bhava (भाव) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi. [3]

Jat clans

Bhavanaga in Inscriptions

Bharshivas (भारशिव) are mentioned in Jamb Plates of 2nd year of Pravarasena II[4]....Pravarasena II was succeeded by his grandson Rudrasena I, the son of Gautamiputra from the daughter of Bhavanaga, the Maharaja of the Bharasivas. The royal family of the Bharasivas is said to have been created by the god Shiva who was pleased by their carrying his linga on their shoulders. They performed ten Ashvamedhas and were crowned with the water of the Bhagirathi (Ganga) which they had obtained by their valour.

History

Dr Naval Viyogi[5] writes about the Re-establishment of Nagas in Kantipuri: The Bharsivas, in the later days of imperial Kushanas or about 150 A.D. reached Kantipur on the Ganges, they performed there Ashwamedha and coronations at or near Banaras where is located the place known as Nagwa, the present site of the Hindu University seems to be associated with their name. From Kantipur, they moved westwards under Virasena, who strikes coins extensively and whose coins are found from Ahichchhatra, regains Padmavati and Mathura.


Nava Nagas Rulers at Kantipuri: [6]


Nava Nagas Rulers at Padmavati:[7]

Dr Naval Viyogi[8] writes ....According to KP Jayaswal,[9] there were four kings after Virasena. Haya Naga, Traya Naga, Brahina Naga, Charaja Naga. Bhava Naga ruled from about 290 to 315 A.D. Dr. Jayaswal made it clear that he had fixed the date of Bhava Naga on a consideration of the Vakataka and Gupta chronology. Bhava Naga was a contemporary of Pravarsena I who was an elder contemporary of Samudra Gupta. Bhava Naga is described as belonging to, the family of the Bharasivas [10] whose royal line owed its origin to the great satisfaction of Siva that was caused by their carrying a Sivalinga placed as a load upon their shoulder" and "who were besprinkled on the forehead with the pure water of the Bhagirathi that had been obtained by their valour. "

Dr Naval Viyogi[11] writes that ... Pravarasena I was son of Vindhyashakti, who not only performed four Asvamedhas but also assumed the title of Samriit.[12] He had a long reign, so much so that his eldest son Gautamiputra could not succeed him, but his grand-son Rudrasena I succeeded him. Gautamiputra himself was married to the daughter of the Bharsiva king Bhavanaga. The son of this union was Rudrasena I grand son of Pravarsena I and Bhavanaga. As, there was matriarchal system of heredity among the Nagas (Chapter V pp 102-03 and VI), hence Rudrasena I became the legal heir of throne of Bhavanaga in addition to throne of his own grand father Pravarsena I.[13] Rudrasena I was succeeded by his son Prithivisena I. Rudrasena II son of Prithivisena I was married to Prabhavati Gupta daughter of Chandra Gupta II born of the Empress Kubera Naga. Prabhavati Gupta ruled as regent after the death of her husband Rudrasena II, as guardian to her minor son Yuvraj Divakarsena and subsequently to another son called Damodarsena or Pravarasena.

Chammak Plates of the Maharaja Pravarasena II 18th year of reign tells us:

(L. 4.)-Who was the son of the Mahârâja of the Vâkâtakas, the illustrious Rudrasêna (I.), who was an excessively devout devotee of (the god) Svâmi-Mahâbhairava; who was the daughter's son of the illustrious Bhavanaga, the Mahârâja of the Bhârashivas, whose royal line owed its origin to the great satisfaction of (the god) Shiva, (caused) by (their) carrying a linga of Shiva placed as a load upon (their) shoulders, (and) who were besprinkled on the forehead with the pure water of (the river) Bhagirathi that had been obtained by (their) valour, (and) who performed ablutions after the celebration of ten ashvamêdha-sacrifices;-who was the son of Gautamiputra;-

External links

References

  1. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, p.333
  2. ↑ Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions/Names of Householders and Traders, p.79
  3. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.76, 356
  4. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol.5 (inscriptions Of The Vakatakas), Edited by Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1963, Archaeological Survey of India, p.10-15
  5. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, p.333, 334
  6. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, p.333, 334
  7. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, p.333, 334
  8. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, p.337
  9. ↑ Jayaswal KP. P-27.
  10. ↑ Jayaswal KP. P-17.
  11. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas – The Ancient Rulers of India/General Index of Nagas, The Ancient Rulers of India, p.339
  12. ↑ Jayaswal K.P.,P.62
  13. ↑ Jayaswal K.P.,P.63

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