Gayakarna
| Author: Laxman Burdak IFS (R) |
Gayakarna (r. c. 1123–1153 CE) (गयकर्ण) was a ruler of the Kalachuri dynasty of Tripuri in central India. His kingdom was centered around the Chedi or Dahala-mandala region in present-day Madhya Pradesh. Gayakarna married Alhanadevi, a granddaughter of the Paramara king Udayaditya, which led to peace between the two kingdoms. However, he lost some territory to the Chandela king Madanavarman. The Kalachuri vassals at Ratnapura declared their independence during his reign.
Variants
- Gaya-karṇa (गयकर्ण)
Reign
Gayakarna succeeded his father Yashahkarna as the Kalachuri king.[1]
Gayakarna seems to have lost some of his northern territory to the Chandela king Madanavarman. The Mau inscription of Madanavarman's minister Gadadhara states that the king fled on listening Madanavarman's name. The Chandelas seem to have captured the northern part of Baghelkhand, as suggested the discovery of Madanavarman's coins at Panwar in this region.[2][3]
The Ratnapura Kalachuri branch, whose kings had earlier served as vassals of the Tripuri Kalachuris, declared its independence during Gayakarna's reign. Gayakarna sent an army to reduce the Ratnapura chief Ratnadeva II to submission, but it was defeated.[4]
Personal life
Gayakarna married Alhanadevi, a daughter of the Guhila king Vijayasimha. Her mother Shyamaladevi was a daughter of the Paramara king Udayaditya. This marriage led to peace between the Paramaras and the Kalachuris.[5]
Because of Alhanadevi's patronage, the Pashupata Shaivite religious leaders rose to prominence in the Kalachuri kingdom.[6] Gayakarna's rajaguru (royal preceptor) was Shakti-shiva.[7]
Gayakarna was succeeded by his sons Narasimha and Jayasimha one after another.[8]
Inscription
Bahoriband is famous of the inscription [9] at the feet of a colossal stone image of Jain Tirthankara Shantinath. [10] The colossal statue is 12 feet and 2 inches in height.[11]
The inscription reads:
|
संवत १०..फल्गुन वदि ९ सोमे श्रीमद गयाकर्णदेव विजयराज्ये राष्ट्रकूटकुलोद्भव महासमन्ताधिपति श्रीमद् गोर्ल्हणदेवस्य प्रवर्धमानस्य || श्रीमद् गोल्लापूर्वाम्नाये वेल्लप्रभाटिकायामुरुकृताम्नाये तर्कतार्किक चूडामणि श्रीमन् माधवनन्दिनानुगृहीतः तस्साधु श्री सर्व्वधरः तस्य पुत्र महाभोज धर्म्मदानाध्ययनरतः तेनेदं कारितं रम्यम शान्तिनाथस्य मन्दिरं|| स्वलात्यम् सर्ज्जक सूत्रधारः श्रेश्ठि नमावितानं महाश्वेत.म निर्मितमतिसुन्दरं|| श्रीमच्चन्द्रकराचर्य्याम्नाय देशीगणान्वये समस्त विद्या विनयानन्दित विद्वज्जनाः प्रतिष्ठाचार्य श्रीमत् सुभद्राश्चिरं जयतु || |
| Bahoriband inscription Saka era 1020 to 1047 AD.[12] |
The Bahuriband stone inscription from the reign of Kalachuri Gayakarna[13] mentions that one Mahabhoja, son of Sadhu Sarvadhara, from the Golapurva community erected a temple of Shantinath. The image was consecrated by the Acharya Subhadra who belonged to the line of Desiya Gana (a branch of Mula Sangh) in the amnyaya of Candrakara Acharya. The region was ruled by Mahasamanta Golhana Deva of Rashtrakuta clan.
The samvat is not clearly read, Cunningham estimated it to be Saka era 1020 to 1047 AD.[14] Epigraphist Dr. Suman dates it to Vikram 1182 or 1125 CE.[15]
An edict of Ashoka is engraved at a spot named Rupanath nearby.
External links
References
- ↑ V. V. Mirashi (1957). "The Kalacuris". In R. S. Sharma (ed.). A Comprehensive history of India: A.D. 985-1206. Vol. 4 (Part 1). Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7007-121-1
- ↑ R. K. Dikshit (1976). The Candellas of Jejākabhukti. Abhinav. ISBN 9788170170464.p.135
- ↑ Sisirkumar Mitra (1977). The Early Rulers of Khajurāho. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 9788120819979.pp. 112–113
- ↑ V. V. Mirashi 1957, p. 495.
- ↑ V. V. Mirashi 1957, p. 495.
- ↑ V. V. Mirashi 1957, p. 495.
- ↑ R. K. Sharma (1980). The Kalachuris and their times. Sundeep. OCLC 7816720.p.84
- ↑ V. V. Mirashi 1957, p. 495.
- ↑ Reports By India Archaeological Survey, Archaeological Survey of India, Published 1879, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing p. 39-40
- ↑ Nand Chand and a Central Indian Regional Style, by Donald M. Stadtner, Artibus Asiae, 1981, 129-152
- ↑ Cunningham 1879, p. 40.
- ↑ Reports By India Archaeological Survey, Archaeological Survey of India, Published 1879, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing p. 39-40
- ↑ The Kalachuris and Their Times By R. K. Sharma, Published 1980 Sundeep Prakashan
- ↑ Cunningham 1879, p. 41.
- ↑ Kasturchand Jain Suman, Bharatiya Digambar Jain Abhilekh aur Tirth Parichay, Madhya-Pradesh: 13 vi shati tak, Delhi, 2001.