Gilund
Gilund (गिलूंड) is a village in Railmagra tahsil of district Rajsamand in Rajasthan.
Contents
Variants
- Gelund (गेलूंड)
Location
Gilund is located 13 km east of Railmagra near the border of Chittorgarh district.
History
Ahar, Kayatha, and Malwa cultures
Dr Naval Viyogi[1] writes about The South and the Central Indian Cultures of Chalcolithic Age: (Ahar, Kayatha, and Malava) ...The remains of Chalcolithic culture have been recovered from the excavation of Ahar and Gelund sites of Bana valley in Rajasthan [2]The date of this culture is 2000 BC-500 BC. Later it was occupied by the 'Iron Age People'. The latest Carbon date of Kalibanga has been calculated to be 1500 B.C. It means Harappan culture survived there later, for a period of about 300 years. In this way Harappan culture of Kalibanga and Chalcolithic culture of Ahar lived contemporarily for a long period of about 700 years (2000 BC-1300 BC). The date 1725 BC, derived by the Tata Institute of Technology Bombay, is also not less contemporary. Since the carbon dates of Eran (Distt [[Sagar Madhya Pradesh]]), Navadatoli (Distt Nimad in Madhya Pradesh), Nevasa (Distt Ahmad Nagar), Songaon, Inamgaon Chandoli (Distt Pune M.R.) etc have been fixed within the second millenium B.C. From this it has become clear that Chalcolithic culture developed in the South and the Central India[3] during the last period of Harappan culture or last phase of some sites or just after.
In this age, the successive development of three cultures of Kayatha, Malava and Jorve is also evident. The Savalda culture of Tapti valley is of some specific type, but it is similar to Kayatha culture. Remains of whatever Chalcolithic culture have come to hands from Maheshwara and Navadatoli (9 kms South of Indore) lying in between Ujjain and Indore, has been named as Malava culture. On a later date, from excavation of Kayatha (on the bank of Kali Sindh) we have come to know about a rich Chalcolithic culture, which developed a few centuries (about 2000 BC) earlier than the Malava culture. Ahar, Kayatha and Malava cultures are so similar that it will be Justified to call them fundamentally one culture. The Ahar and the Kayatha cultures should be taken as parent cultures of Malava[4].
Owing to fixation of carbon-14 date[5] of Malva culture between 1660 ± 130 and 1445 ± 130 BC, period of its origin has been decided 1500 BC (Aggarwal-l971). Evidences of extension of this culture from the region of Ujjain and Navadatoli up to the Tapti and onward up to the Bhima valley, has been noted from the excavation of Chandoli, Songaon and Inamgaon.[6]
गिलूंड
गिलूंड राजस्थान में उदयपुर के पास बनास नदी के किनारे पर स्थित एक ऐतिहासिक स्थान है। गिलूंड से एक ताम्रश्मीय संस्कृति के प्रचुर प्रमाण मिले हैं, जो बनास संस्कृति के नाम से प्रसिद्ध हैं। यहाँ का टीला 1500x1300 फुट का है। साधारणतः घर गारे और पत्थर के बने थे। नींवों में पत्थर का प्रयोग होता था। बड़ी इमारतों के अवशेष अधिक मिले हैं। पत्थरों की नींव पर भट्टे में पकायी गयी ईटों की एक 36' की खुली व एक 100'x30' की एक विशाल संरचना मिली है, जिसका क्या उपयोग था। अभी तक पता नहीं चल सका है। पकी हुई ईंटों का साक्ष्य भी मिला है। मुख्यतः मृद्भाण्ड काले और लाल रंगों में मिले हैं, जिनमें तरह-तरह के रेखीय और बिन्दुदार सफ़ेद डिजाइन बने हैं। अन्य प्रकार के मृद्भाण्ड भी मिले हैं। ताँबे का प्रयोग व्यापक पैमाने पर होता था। इस सभ्यता का समय 1700-1300 ई.पू. निर्धारित किया गया है।