Achalpur

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Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R)
Map of Amravati district
Chamak-Anjangaon-Achalpur-Chandurbazar in Amravati, MS
Achalpur-Chandur Bazar-Riddhapur-Morshi in Amravati, MS

Achalpur, formerly known as Ellichpur and Illychpur, is a city and Tahsil in Amravati District in Maharashtra. It is the second most populous city in Amravati District after Amravati and seventh most populous city in Vidarbha. It has a twin city known as Paratwada.

Variants

  • Achalpura (अचलपुर, बरार महाराष्ट्र) (AS, p.11)
  • Ellichpur and Illychpur
  • Ayalpur/Ayalapura (अयलपुर)
  • Elajipura (एलजिपुर) दे. Elichpur (एलिचपुर) (AS, p.112)
  • Ilichapura (इलिचपुर) (p.82),(p.630)
  • Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16) is mentioned as a village alongwith Sriparnika (श्रीपर्णिक) (L.16) in Nagardhan Plates Of Svamiraja - (Kalachuri) Year 322 (=573 AD). ....Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16) is usually identified with a place of the same name (former Ellichpur) in the Amaravati District; but there is no river named Sulanadi (सूलनदी) (L.15) flowing by its side. The Achalapura mentioned in the present plates as an agrahâra village was probably situated not far from Nandivardhana....Both these villages could not be identified as there are no places corresponding to Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16) and Shriparnika (श्रीपर्णिक) (L.16) in vicinity of Nagardhan. [1]

Jat Gotras Namesake

  • Achal (Jat clan) = Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16). Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16) is mentioned as a village alongwith Sriparnika (श्रीपर्णिक) (L.16) in Nagardhan Plates Of Svamiraja - (Kalachuri) Year 322 (=573 AD). ....Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16) is usually identified with a place of the same name (former Ellichpur) in the Amaravati District; but there is no river named Sulanadi (सूलनदी) (L.15) flowing by its side. The Achalapura mentioned in the present plates as an agrahâra village was probably situated not far from Nandivardhana....Both these villages could not be identified as there are no places corresponding to Achalapura (अचलपुर) (L.16) and Shriparnika (श्रीपर्णिक) (L.16) in vicinity of Nagardhan. [2]

Geography

Achalpur and Paratwada as a twin city is located at an average elevation of 369 metres. This twin city is surrounded by rivers named Sapan and Bichan, the tributaries of Chandrabhaga river. There is hilly area that acts like a fence to this city. This city is at the boundary of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. Even Madhya Pradesh is so close to this city that travelling of (about) 10 km changes the state region.

Villages in Tahsil

Town: 1 Achalpur

Villages:

1 Ambada Kandari, 2 Aregaon, 3 Asatpur, 4 Aurangpur, 5 Bag Ambada, 6 Balegaon, 7 Belkheda, 8 Beni, 9 Bhilona, 10 Bhopapur, 11 Bhopapur, 12 Bhugaon, 13 Bordi, 14 Borgaon Dori, 15 Borgaon Peth, 16 Borgaon Talni, 17 Buradghat, 18 Chachondi, 19 Chamak Bk, 20 Chamak Kh, 21 Chandura Jahagir, 22 Chausala, 23 Chikhali, 24 Darapur, 25 Daryabad, 26 Datura, 27 Devgaon, 28 Dewari, 29 Dhamangaon, 30 Dhamani, 31 Dhotarkheda, 32 Donoda, 33 Ekalaspur, 34 Gaurkheda, 35 Ghodgaon, 36 Gondvihir, 37 Gondwagholi, 38 Hanawatkheda, 39 Haram, 40 Hiwara, 41 Isapur, 42 Isegaon, 43 Jalalpur, 44 Jambhala, 45 Janori, 46 Januna, 47 Jawalapur, 48 Jawardi, 49 Kakda, 50 Kalwit, 51 Kamatwada, 52 Kandali, 53 Kasampur, 54 Kawitha Bk., 55 Khairi, 56 Khambora, 57 Khanapur N. Bhinkheda, 58 Khanapur N.Rahimpur, 59 Khanjamanagar, 60 Khatijapur, 61 Kheldeomali, 62 Kheltapmali, 63 Khojanpur, 64 Khudanpur, 65 Kolha, 66 Kopra, 67 Kothara, 68 Kumbhi, 69 Kumbhi Wagholi, 70 Kushta Bk., 71 Kushta Kh., 72 Malhara, 73 Malkapur Kh., 74 Mengnathpur, 75 Mhasona, 76 Mukindpur, 77 Muradpur, 78 Nababpur, 79 Nagarwadi, 80 Naigaon, 81 Narayanpur, 82 Narsala, 83 Narsari, 84 Narsingpur, 85 Nijampur, 86 Nimbhari, 87 Nimdari, 88 Nimkund, 89 Panch Amba Kh., 90 Pandhari, 91 Parasapur, 92 Pardi, 93 Pathrot, 94 Payvihir, 95 Pimpalkhuta, 96 Pohi, 97 Raipur, 98 Raipur Jahangir, 99 Rajjakpur, 100 Rajura, 101 Ramapur Bk., 102 Ramapur Kh, 103 Ramapur N. Belaj, 104 Rangar Wasni, 105 Rasegaon, 106 Rawalgaon, 107 Sahapur N Wadgaon, 108 Salepur, 109 Sangnvi N Khairi, 110 Sawalapur, 111 Sawali Bk., 112 Sawali Datura, 113 Sawali Kh, 114 Shahapur, 115 Shampur, 116 Shankarpur, 117 Shekapur, 118 Sindi Bk., 119 Surwada, 120 Tawalar, 121 Tonglabad, 122 Tuljapur Jahagir, 123 Upatkheda, 124 Virkheda, 125 Viththalapur, 126 Wadgaon Fattepur, 127 Wadgaon Kh, 128 Wadhona Jahagir, 129 Wadner Bhujang, 130 Wadura, 131 Wagdoh, 132 Walmikpur, 133 Walni Bk., 134 Wasani Bk., 135 Wasani Kh., 136 Wazzar, 137 Yelki, 138 Yeni, 139 Yesurna, 140 Yevata,

Source - https://www.census2011.co.in/data/subdistrict/4004-achalpur-amravati-maharashtra.html

History

Vedveer Arya[3] writes.... Achalapura (close to ancient Amaravati, Maharashtra) was the ancient kingdom of central India. It appears that Achalapura was the capital of a clan of the Aila dynasty. Sanskrit poet Dandi records that Bharavi’s ancestors migrated from Anandapur of north-western India and settled in Achalapura. According to an excerpt published in 1801 in the sixth volume of the Asiatic Researches or Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, the name of the king was Ela or Aila who built the city of Elapura. He also excavated the temples, and built the fortress of Devagiri (Daulatabad). According to Purāṇas, the Aila kings belonged to the lunar dynasty. Unfortunately, there is no information about the time of the Aila king and his queen Manikavati. In all probability, they lived before the rise of the later Śātavāhanas in Maharashtra.

Achalpur was the earliest capital of a branch of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, which emerged sometime in the 8th century.[4] It was the site of a battle between the Rashtrakutas and the Kalachuris in the 9th century.[5]

Achalpur or Ellichpur was first mentioned authentically in the 13th century as one of the famous cities of the Deccan. Though tributary to the Delhi Sultanate after 1294, it remained under Hindu administration till 1318 when it came directly under the Muslim Delhi Sultanate.

In 1347 Achalpur with the Berar region was ruled by the Bahmani Sultanate.

In 1490 Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk proclaimed his independence and founded the Imad Shahi dynasty of the Berar Sultanate. He proceeded to annex Mahur to his new kingdom and established his capital at Ellichpur. It was afterwards the capital of the Berar Subah at intervals until the Mughal occupation when the seat of the provincial governor was moved to Balapur. The town retains many relics of the Sultans of Berar.[6]

As the Mughal empire deteriorated in the 18th century, Achalpur along with the rest of Berar came under the rule of the Nizam of Hyderabad. In 1853, Berar Province came under British administration, although it remained formally part of the Hyderabad state until 1903 when the province became the Berar Division of the Central Provinces. Achalpur, known by the British as Ellichpur, became part of East Berar, with Amraoti (Amravati) as the capital of the division.

In 1867 East Berar was split into the districts of Amraoti and Ellichpur district, with Ellichpur as the headquarters of Ellichpur District. The district had an area of 2,605 square miles (6,750 km2).

In 1901 Achalpur had a population of 29,740, with ginning factories and a considerable trade in cotton and forest produce. It was connected by good roads with Amraoti and Chikhaldara. Berar was annexed to British India in 1903 and merged with the Central Provinces, and in 1905 Ellichpur District was merged into Amraoti District. The civil station of Paratwada, 5 km. from the town of Ellichpur, contained the principal public buildings at the beginning of the 20th century.[7]

After India's independence in 1947, the Central Provinces became the province, and after 1950 the state, Madhya Pradesh. The 1956 States Reorganisation Act redrew the boundaries of India's states along linguistic lines, and the predominantly Marathi-speaking Amravati District was transferred to Bombay State, which was renamed Maharashtra in 1960.

अचलपुर

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[8] ने लेख किया है ...अचलपुर (AS, p.11) महाराष्ट्र राज्य के अमरावती ज़िले में स्थित एक नगर है। मध्यकाल में विशेषत: 9वीं शती से 12वीं शती ई. तक अचलपुर जैन संस्कृति के केन्द्र के रूप में विख्यात था। जैन विद्वान् धनपाल ने अचलपुर में ही अपना ग्रन्थ 'धम्म परिक्खा' समाप्त किया था। आचार्य हेमचंद्रसूरि ने भी अपने व्याकरण में (व्याकरण 2,118) अचलपुर का उल्लेख किया है- 'अचलपुरेचकारलकारयोर्व्यत्ययो भवति' अर्थात् अचलपुर के निवासियों के उच्चारण में च और ल का व्यत्यय (उलटफेर) हो जाता है। आचार्य जयसिंहसूरि ने 9वीं शती ई. में अपनी धर्मोपदेशमाला में अयलपुर या अचलपुर के अरिकेसरी नामक जैन नरेश का उल्लेख किया है- 'अयलपुरे दिगंबर भत्तो अरिकेसरी राजा'। अचलपुर से 7वीं शती ई. का एक ताभ्रपट्ट भी प्राप्त हुआ है।

एलजिपुर

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[9] ने लेख किया है ...एलजिपुर (AS, p.112) जैन ग्रंथों में एलिचपुर को एलजिपुर कहा है- 'एलजिपुर कारंजा नयर धनवन्त लोक वसति'।[10] ( देखें:- एलिचपुर)

एलिचपुर

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[11] ने लेख किया है ... एलिचपुर (AS, p.112): महाराष्ट्र के बरार ज़िले में अमरावती के उत्तर में स्थित एलिचपुर मध्यकाल का जाना पहचाना नगर था। 1294 ई. में अलाउद्दीन ख़िलजी ने देवगिरि पर आक्रमण करते समय 8000 घुड़सवारों के साथ के एलिचपुर को घेर लिया था। एलिचपुर उसा समय [p.113]: देवगिरि के राजा रामचन्द्र देव के राज्य में था और महाराष्ट्र की सीमा पर स्थित था। देवगिरि के विश्वासघातियों की सहायता से जीतने के पश्चात् देवगिरि नरेश से जो अलाउद्दीन ने संधि की उसमें एलिचपुर को उसने अपनी वहाँ रखी जाने वाली सेना के व्यय के लिए मांग लिया था.

राजा को पराजित करके एलिचपुर प्रांत को वार्षिक आय देने की संधि पर हस्ताक्षर करने को बाध्य किया था। बाद में रामचन्द्र देव ने एलिचपुर से होने वाली नियमित आमदनी भेजना बन्द कर दिया, तो 1307 ई. में देवगिरि पर फिर आक्रमण किया गया। जैन ग्रंथों में एलिचपुर को एलजिपुर कहा है। बंबई जानेवाले प्रधान रेलमार्ग पर मुर्तिजापुर से एक छोटी रेलवे लाइन यहाँ तक गई है। मेलघाट और बेतूल जिलों की इमारती लकड़ी का यह एक प्रमुख व्यापारिक केंद्र है। यह अमरावती और चिकल्दा से अच्छी सड़कों द्वारा मिला हुआ है। यहाँ रुई से बिनौला निकालने के कई कारखाने हैं और पास में परतवाड़ा है जहाँ पहले फौजी छावनी थी।एलिच नगर की समृद्धि इमारती लकड़ी और कपास पर निर्भर करती है।[12]

External links

References

  1. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.611-617
  2. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.611-617
  3. ↑ https://www.eternalhindu.org/Hindu-Images/Literature/Mahabharat-to-Medieval-2.pdf THE CHRONOLOGY OF INDIA: From Mahabharata to Medieval Era, Volume II, p.35-36
  4. ↑ PhD, James G. Lochtefeld (15 December 2001). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Volume 2. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4.
  5. ↑ Raghunathan, N. (1999). Memories, Men, and Matters. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. ISBN 9788172761561; Maharashtra (India) (1986). Maharashtra State Gazetteers. Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Maharashtra State.
  6. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ellichpur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 291.
  7. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ellichpur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 291.
  8. ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.11
  9. ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.112
  10. ↑ प्राचीन तीर्थमालासंग्रह 1, 114
  11. ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.112-113
  12. ↑ भारतकोश-एलिचपुर
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