Amoda Janjgir

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Map of Janjgir-Champa district

Amoda (अमोदा) is a village in tahsil Janjgir of Janjgir-Champa district in Chhattisgarh.

Variants

Jat Gotras Namesake

Location

Amoda village is located in Janjgir tehsil of Janjgir Champa district in Chhattisgarh, India. It is situated 17km away from Janjgir.[2]

Amoda is a Village in Jaijaipur Tehsil in Janjgir-Champa District of Chattisgarh State, India. It is located 34 KM towards South from District head quarters Janjgir. 16 KM from Jaijaipur. Amoda Pin code is 495661 and postal head office is Birra . Hasaud ( 2 KM ) , Mirauni ( 3 KM ) , Nariyara ( 3 KM ) , Chisda ( 5 KM ) , Ranpota ( 6 KM ) are the nearby Villages to Amoda. Amoda is surrounded by Malkharoda Tehsil towards North , Dabhara Tehsil towards East , Bilaigarh Tehsil towards west , Sarangarh Tehsil towards East .[3]

History

Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD) were copper-plates found while digging for the foundation of a temple in May 1924 at Amôdâ, a village 10 miles south-east of Janjgir, the headquarters of a [p.402]: tahsil of the same name in the Bilaspur District of Madhya Pradesh.[4]

Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD)

English Translation
Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD)
[p.407]
Success ! Ôm ' Adoration to Brahman !

(Verse. 1) Adoration to that reality, Brahman, which is attributeless, all-pervasive, eternal and auspicious, the ultimate cause (of the universe) and supreme light conceivable by the mind.

(V. 2) The foremost luminary of the firmament is the sun, the Primeval Being. Then was born from him his son Manu, the first of kings. In his family there was born Kârtâvïrya on the earth.

(V. 3) There was the king, the divine and illustrious Kârtâvïrya, an ornament of the earth, who threw into bondage Ravana, who had propriated Siva with the embrace of the daughter of the Himalaya (ie , Parvati) who was terrified as he (ie , Râvana) lifted up the mountain (Kailasa) with ease and who (î e , Râvana) was greatly enraged when his offerings to the three-eyed (Siva) were washed away by the stream of the greatly flooded Rêva which was turned back by the suddenly placed dam of his mighty arms.

(V. 4) The kings born in his family became (known as) Haihayas on the earth. In their family was born that (famous) Kôkkala, the first king of the Chaidyas.9

(V. 5) By that king was erected on the earth a pillar of victory after forcibly dispossessing the kings of Karnata and Vanga, the lord of the Gurjaras, the ruler of Konkana, the lord of Shakambhari, the Turushka and the descendant of Raghu,10 of their treasure, horses and elephants.

(V. 6) He had eighteen, very valiant sons, who destroyed their enemies as lions break open the frontal globes of elephants , the eldest of them, an excellent prince, became the lord of Tripuri and he made his brothers the lords of mandalas by his side

1. Mètre of verses 17 — 2.1 Anushtubh

2 Read शखो

3 This pàda is lacking in one akshara Read यश्च

4. Hiralal reads गर्ग्गेस्व (श्व)र; but the second akshara appears clearly to be र्भे In line 15 of the Raipur plate (No 75, above) also, the reading is Garbh-ëshvara,

5. Read -स्ताम्रे Hiralal suggested चकोरनयनो, but a Sanskrit poet would not use such an epithet with a male person, much less in his own case

6. लिखित is ungrammatical for लिखितवान्

7. Hiralal read योद्धासल but the second akshara is undoubtedly हा

8. Mètre Vasantatilakâ

9. I.e. , the people of the Chedi country

10. Probably the contemporary prince of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty

[p.408]

(V. 7) In the family of a younger brother of these was born Kalîngarâja who exterminated the hostile kings with the fire of (his) valour, and who was to the faces of the wives of the great warriors of (his) hated enemies even as the full moon is to the day- lotuses.1

(V. 8) From him also was born a son, who became famous by the name of Kamalarâja, and appeared lovely with his far-spreading spotless glory. When the sun of his valour rose, the assemblages of lotuses bloomed even at night.

(V. 9) The firm-minded (Prince), having vanquished the lord of Utkala, gave (his) wealth to his lord Gângêyadêva, and (thus) resembled the Mandara mountain which, churning the milk-ocean, gave Lakshmï to the god2 worshipped by (Bhishma), the son of Gangâ, and pleased gods and demons by bestowing on them precious things like Uchchaihshravas (उच्चैःश्रव) [and wine]3

(V. 10) He begat Ratnarâja (I), who surpassed the lustre of the sun, to become an ornament to (other) princes even as the ocean produced the Kaustubha to adorn (Vishnu) who supports the earth.

(V. 11) (He) destroyed the proud and hostile neighbouring princes as the sun dispels darkness. As if because of the beat of his valour, his enemies took shelter in the sea for coolness.

(V. 12) (His wife) named Nônnala (नोन्नला) was dear to him as valour is to a brave person. She was the daughter of Vajuvarman, the lord of the Kômô-mandala (कोमो-मण्डल)

(For a translation of vv. 13 and 14, see that of vv, 1 and 2, above, p 401)

(Line 21) This Mahamandaleshhara (Prithvîdëva I), — who shines in the midst of all kings by (his excellences) such as birth in the Kalachuri family, who is adorned with all decorations together with the entire multitude of honours, who frightens the hostile army with the noise caused by his haste in conquering the world which is filled with the sound of his two conches, who has acquired the panchamahâshabda, who has become the great and mighty lord of the entire Kôsala (country) and the sole ruler of twenty-one thousand (villages) by the grace of Vankëshvara attained by him, and who is a devout worshipper of Mahesvara, — has given as a grant by (pouring) water on (the doneé's) hand, after washing both the resplendent feet of the holy Vankësvara and filling the hollow of his hand with water mixed with kusha, whole rice-grams and gold, on (the occasion of) the dedication of a hall resting on four pillars of (the temple of) the god, the holy Vankësvara (वङ्केश्वर), in Tumànaka (तुमाणक), on Sunday, the seventh tithi of the dark fortnight of Phàlguna, the Village Vasahâ (वसहा) in the Apara-mandala4 with its four boundaries well-determined, to the sage Kësava, the great-grandson of Yasôdëva, grandson of the Upâdhyâya Thiràïcha and son of Chânda, who belongs to the Angirasa gôtra, has the three pravaras Utathya, Gautama and Vasishtha,5 and is (a student) of the Bahvricha shakha (i.e.Rigvëda) for the increase of religions merit and fame of (his) mother and father and of himself.

1. Ie, he made them pale by destroying the warriors 2. I e, to Vishnu 3. The reading of the this quarter of this stanza is uncertain as some letters are damaged by verdigris. The translation given above follows the emendations suggested in the notes to the transcribed text. The expression uchchaih etc probably contained a double meaning, but it is not possible to conjecture it in the absence of a definite reading. The first word uchchaihsrvah means of course (i) the celestial horse of that name, and (2) great glory 4. See above, p 406, n 12 5. See above, p. 406, n 6,

[p.409]

(L.30) Therefore this (Brahmana), his sons, sons' sons and other (lineal) descendants should enjoy, without any interference, this (village) together with shares, enjoyments, taxes, (dues in) gold coins, fines for (illegal) distillation etc, as a self-contained village as long as the moon, the sun, the earth, the ocean, wind and the sky will endure.

(Verse. 15) Vikramaraja (whose name is) preceded by tri (ie. Triivikramarâja), Vikramarâja who is marvelous in valour and Arjuna, the best of warriors, who has vanquished his enemies — these have, indeed pledged (their) true word

(V. 16) Then the minister Vigraharaja,1 the banker Yasha and the rich Dhôdhâka (धोधाक), observing the law of truth, gave land to the Brahmana Keshava.

(Here follow five benedictive and imprecatory verses)

(V. 22) The good poet Alhana (अल्हण), the owner of (the village) Garbha (गर्भ,2 who is a devotee of Isha, wrote on the copper (plates) excellent sentences in (letters resembling) the eyes of a Chakora. The clever Hâsala (हासल), the repository of all mechanical arts, inscribed them in splendid lines and excellent letters

The year 831 of the lord of Chêdi

1. This minister is mentioned in the next inscription also See below, No 77, L.27, see also No 75, L.13

2. See No 75, L.15. This village is probably mentioned in L 30 of the next inscription (No 77) also

Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD)[5]
No 76 ; Plate LXIV
Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD)

Source - Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409

These copper-plates were found while digging for the foundation of a temple in May 1924 at Amôdâ, a village 10 miles south-east of Janjgir, the headquarters of a

[p.402]: tahsil of the same name in the Bilaspur District of Madhya Pradesh. They have been edited before, with a lithograph but without any translation, by Rai Bahadur Hiralal in the Epigraphia Indica, Vol XIX, pp 75 ff. The record is edited here from the original plates and their ink-impressions kindly furnished by Mr K. Natarajan, Superintendent, Government Press, Nagpur.....They are a set of two plates....., The characters are Nâgarï. ......

The plates were granted by Prithvïdêva (I) of the Kalachuri Dynasty of Ratanpur. After the customary obeisance to Brahman, the record mentions after the sun and Manu, Kârtavïrya who imprisoned Râvana. His descendants were known as Haihayas. In their family was born Kôkkala1, the founder of the family of the Chëdi kings. He is said to have despoiled the kings of Karnâta, Vanga, Gurjara, Konkana and Sakambhari, the Turushkas and the descendants of Raghu of their treasure, horses and elephants, and erected a pillar of victory. He had eighteen sons of whom the eldest became the lord of Tripuri. He made his brothers the lords of mandalas by his side. In the family of a younger brother of these was born Kalingarâja. His son was Kamalarâja, who vanquished the king of Utkala and gave his fortune to his lord

1 The name appears elsewhere as Kokalla. The form used here is probably due to the exogenies of the mètre

[p.403]: Gângëyadëva. His son was Ratnârâja, who married Nônnalâ,1 the daughter of Vaju-varman, the lord of the Kômô-Mandala. Their son was Prithvîdëva (I), the donor of the present grant. He is described here as the sole lord of twenty-one thousand (villages), the extremely mighty ruler of the entire Kosala country, the Mahâmandalêsvara "who had acquired the panchamahàshabda and was a devout worshipper of Mahesvara.

The object of the present inscription is to record the donation of the village Vasahâ in the Apara-mandala2 on the occasion of the construction of a chatushkikâ, or a hall resting on four pillars, of the temple of Vankësvara in Tummâna. The donee was the Brâhmana Kêshava3of the Angirasa gôtra with the three pravaras Utathya, Gautama and Vasishtha4. He was the son of Chânda,5 the grandson of the Upâdhyâya Thirâïcha (Sthirâditya) and the great-grandson of Yasôdêva. He had emigrated from Hastiyâmathî (हस्तियामठी). The grant was made on Sunday, the seventh tithi of the dark fortnight of Phâlguna of the year 831 (expressed in numerical figures only) of (the era of) the lord of Chëdi (Chëd-ïsasya). The witnesses of the gift were three persons, probably officials, vîz , Trivikramarâja, Vikrama and Arjuna. The Srështhin Yasha, the Mayor of Ratnapura, and the rich Dhôdhâka (धोधाक) also made a gift of land, apparently to the same Brâhmana. The charter was written by Alhana (अल्हण), the owner of a village named Garbha (गर्भ). It was incised by the sculptor Hâsala (हासल).

The date of the present grant must evidently be referred to the Kalachuri era. R B. Hiralal explained Chëdïsha (चेदीश) used in connection with it as signifying Chhattisgarh.6 The latter name, which apparently means (the country of) thirty-six forts, is according to him a corruption of Chèd-îsha-gadha, 'the forts or districts of the lord of Chëdi'. But the derivation is fanciful. Kosala, or Dakshina-Kosala, not Chëdi, was the ancient name of Chhattisgarh. As Pargiter has shown,7 Chëdi was the name of the country along the southern bank of the Yamunâ. Southwards it probably extended to the Vindhyas. Besides, chhattîsa is derived from the Sanskrit shat-trimsat and not from Chêd-ïsa. The reason why the era is specified here as belonging to the lord of Chëdi is that it was introduced for the first time in Chhattisgarh by a subordinate branch of the Kalachuri dynasty. The latter owed allegiance to the main house of Tripurî which ruled over the Chëdi country. The kings of Sarabhapura and those of the Sômavamsî dynasty, who were ruling in Chhattisgarh before the Kalachuris, used only reginal years in dating their records. In the 11th century A C to which the present record belongs, the era was used in India only by the Kalachuris who were then ruling over the Chëdi country. As it was not previously current in Chhattisgarh, it had to be specified as above to prevent confusion.

The date of the present grant regularly corresponds, for the current Kalachuri year 831, to Sunday, the 27th January 1079 AC. The seventh tithi of the dark fortnight of the pûrmmânta Phâlguna ended 7 h 30 in after mean sunrise on that day. In 1080 A C, the tithi fell on a Thursday and in 1081 A C , on a Wednesday, neither of which years would, therefore, be suitable. This is one of the few dates of the Kalachuri era citing a current year

1. This name also appears m a different form else-where See, e g , Line 13 of No 77, below, where it appears as Nônallâ.

2. See below p 406, n 12

3. He is called a sage in L. 27. He is mentioned as a witness in the preceding grant (No 75, 1. 13)

4. The pravara Vasishtha is not generally associated with Gautama. The pravaras should, therefore, be Angirasa, Autathya and Gautama, see the Gôtrapravarambandhakadamba, p 39

5. Hiralal read the name as Chatta (छात्त), see below, p 406, n 8

6. Ep Ind Vol XIX, p 76

7. J A. S. B. Yol LXIV, Part I, p 253

[p. 404]: Of the geographical names occurring in the present grant,

Karnata (कर्णाट), Vanga, Gurjara and Konkana are too well-known to need identification.

Shâkambharî, the capital o£ the Châhamânas, was the name of the city near the Sambhar lake.

Tripuri and Ratnapura have already been identified.

Tummâna, which was the first capital of the Kalachuris in Chhattisgarh, bas been satisfactorily identified with Tumân, 45 m north of Ratanpur.1 The present grant shows that Tummàna continued to receive royal attention even after the capital was shifted to Ratanpur.

Kômô-mandala appears to be the ancient name of the country surrounding the village Kômô in the Pëndrâ Zamindarî, 25 miles north by west of Ratanpur.

Vasahâ, the donated village, is clearly Basahâ, about 12 miles north by east from Bilaspur. The name of the mandala, in which it was situated, cannot be read with certainty. Rai Bahadur Hiralal read it as Yavapara-mandala and identified it with the territory round Jaijaipur, in the Janjgir tahsil, 10 miles from Amôdâ. It is however, not unlikely that the intended reading was Apara-mandala2 or the Western Division which may have included the territory round Basahâ.

Hastiyâmathï, from which the donee had emigrated, is probably identical With Hâthmudî in the Mungeli tahsil of the Bilaspur District, about 45 miles west of Bilaspur. --- 1. Ind Ant, Vol LIII, pp 267 ff.

2 See below, p 406, n 12

  • p.404, LL.1-6

    p.404, LL.1-6

  • p.405, LL.7-20

    p.405, LL.7-20

  • p.406, LL.21-35

    p.406, LL.21-35

  • p.407, LL.36-41

    p.407, LL.36-41


Wiki editor notes



  • Nalla (Jat clan) = Nonalla (नोन्नला) mentioned in V.12 of (p.408) of Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD).[15] ....(V. 12) (His wife) named Nônnala (नोन्नला) was dear to him as valour is to a brave person. She was the daughter of Vajuvarman, the lord of the Kômô-mandala (कोमो-मण्डल) .

Amoda Plate (First Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 900 (=1149 AD)

No. 91 ; Plate LXXIV
Amoda Plate (First Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 900 (=1149 AD)

Source - Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478

This set of two copper-plates was discovered together with three others1in May 1924, while digging for the foundation of a temple at Amôdâ, a village situated 40 miles south by east of Bilaspur, in the Jânjgir tahsil of the Bilaspur District in Madhya Pradesh. The inscription on them has been edited with lithographs, but without a translation, by Rai Bahadur Hiralal in the Indian Historical Quarterly, Vol. I, pp 405 ff.

It is edited here from the original plates which are deposited in the Central Museum, Nagpur.

The plates are inscribed on one side only.....The characters are Nâgari....

The inscription is one of Prithvîdëva II of the Kalachuri Dynasty of Ratanpur. His genealogy down to his father Ratnadêva II is given here exactly as in the latter's Sarkho plates. In fact the text of the present inscription down to verse 10 is with the omission of one verse, identical with that of the Sarkhô plates. Verse 11, descriptive of Prithvideva II, appears here for the first time, but the description in it is quite conventional.

The object of the inscription is to record the grant, by Prithvîdëva II of the village Avala (अवला) situated in Madhyamandala on the occasion of a lunar eclipse.

1. viz, Nos 76, 94 and 99. No.94 is another grant of Prithvideva II himself and is date about five years later than the present one.

[p.475]: in the month of Chaitra. The genealogy of the donee is given in verses 12-14. There was a Brahmana named Mihirasvamin (मिहिरस्वामिन) of the Vâjasaneya (वाजसनेेय) shakha and the Chandrâtreya (चंद्रात्रेय) gôtra with the three pravaras Chandra, Atri and Sâvana1. His son Dèvasharman, who emigrated from the village Takârî (टकारी), had three sons, Sîlana (सीलण), Pïthana (पीथन) and Lashanû (लषणु). Sîlana, the eldest of them, was the donee of the present grant.

The charter was written on the plates by the illustrious Vatsarâja (वत्सराज), the son of the illustrious Kîrtidhara (कीर्तिधर) of the Vâstavya family. It was engraved by Lakshmidhara (लक्ष्मीधर).

The inscription is dated in the year 900 (expressed in decimal figures only) of an unspecified era. The date must, of course, be referred to the Kalachuri era. It corresponds, for the expired Kalachuri year 900, to 1148-49 A, C. During this period there was a lunar eclipse on the full-moon day of Chaitra, the corresponding Christian date being Friday, the 25th March 1149 A.C.

As for the geographical names occurring in this inscription, the Madhyamandala was taken by R B Hiralal to correspond to 'the tract owning the capital of the king'. The Amôdâ plates of Pnthvidëva I show, however, that the latter was included in the Apara (Western) mandala.2 The village should rather be looked for in the vicinity of Amôdâ where the present plates were found. In the reign of the Prithvïdêva II, the Kalachuri rule extended to Sarangarh in the east.3 The territory roughly corresponding to the Jânjgir tahsil must, therefore, have been included in the Madhyamandala. As remarked by R B Hiralal, Avala is a corruption of the Sanskrit àmalaka, which is the name of the tree emblic myrohalan. There are several villages in the Jânjgir tahsil named after this tree such as Aorai Kala, Aori Khurd, Aoradi, etc Of these, the nearest to Amôdâ is Aoradi which lies only 4 miles to the east.

Takârî, from which the donee's father had emigrated, is probably identical with Takkârikâ, Takkarika, Takkâri or Tarkâri, mentioned in several grants4 as the original home of Brâhmana donees. In one of them it is said to be situated in the Madhyadesha. There is a village of that name, 16 m north-west of Gayâ.5

Jadera is obviously identical with Jandera mentioned in the Sarkhô plates of Ratnadëva II, which has been already identified6 with Jondra on the Seonath river, just outside the south-west limit of the Jânjgir tahsil.

1. This gôtra is not included in the Gôtrapravaramhanàhakadamha Sâvana is probably a mistake for Pâpana, fire. Atri was born from fire

2. See above, p 404

3. Jagapâla, a feudatory of Prithvïdêva II, conquered Saraharâgadha which is probably identical with Sârangadh. See above, p 455

4. See, e g , the Katak plates of Mahâbhavagupta and Mahâshrvagupta, Ep Ind , Vol III, p 348 and p 353 respectively, the Kalas-Budrukh plates of Bhillama III, Ind Ant, Vol XVII, p 121, the Banda District plate of Madanavarmadeva, ibid, Vol XVI, p 208 (where Dhakâri is a mislection for Takârî), the Nanyaura plates of Dëvavarmadëva (where also the reading should be Takârî), ibid , Vol XVI, p 205, the Màndhâtâ plates of Dëvapàla and Jayavarman, Ep Ind , Vol IX, pp 103 ff, the Kôlagallu inscription of Khôttiga, z W , Vol XXI, p 265, the Salimpur stone inscription of Jayapâladëva, ibid , Vol XIII, p 290, etc. In the third inscription referred to above, the place is called bhatta-grâma and is described as situated in the Madhyadesha, while in the last it is said to have been included in Sravasti. Perhaps there were more than one place of that name, as there was a Srâvastî in Bengal also. See KâmarûpaSâsûnâvahi p 155 See also Ind Ant. Vol XLVIII,pp 208 ff, Vol LX, pp 14 ff. Takkârikâ was the original home of the Vâstavya family of the Kâyasthas also See Ep Ind , Vol I, p 333.

5. Ep Ind , Vol XXI, p. 263

6. Above, p 425

Wiki editor Notes:


  • Takaria (Jat clan) = Takari (टकारी). Takari (टकारी) village is mentioned in Amoda Plate (First Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 900 (=1149 AD). Takari is the village from where the father of donee migrated, which is probably identical with Takkârikâ, Takkarika, Takkâri or Tarkâri, mentioned in several grants as the original home of Brâhmana donees. In one of them it is said to be situated in the Madhyadesha. There is a village of that name, 16 m north-west of Gayâ.[21] [22] Dr Naval Viyogi[23] mentions that in mediaeval period there was Bhatt village named Takkarika in the central province. Chandarvardai poet and bard of Rajputana and Muslim historians have given description of their royal family.
  • Takka (Jat clan) = Takari (टकारी). Takari (टकारी) village is mentioned in Amoda Plate (First Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 900 (=1149 AD). Takari is the village from where the father of donee migrated, which is probably identical with Takkârikâ, Takkarika, Takkâri or Tarkâri, mentioned in several grants as the original home of Brâhmana donees. In one of them it is said to be situated in the Madhyadesha. There is a village of that name, 16 m north-west of Gayâ.[24] [25] Dr Naval Viyogi[26] mentions that in mediaeval period there was Bhatt village named Takkarika in the central province. Chandarvardai poet and bard of Rajputana and Muslim historians have given description of their royal family.

Amoda Plate (Second Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 905 (=1154 AD)

No. 94 ; Plate LXXVII

Amoda Plate (Second Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 905 (=1154 AD)

Source - Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 491-495

[p.491]: This set of two copper-plates was found together with another (called the Fitst Set) issued by the same king1 and two others2 at Amôdâ, 40 miles south by east of Bilaspur, in the Jânjgir tahsil of the Bilaspur District in Madhya Pradesh. This inscription, like that on the first set, has been edited with lithogtaphs, but without a translation, by Rai Bahadur Hiralal in the Indian Historical Quarterly, Vol I, pp. 405 ff. It is edited here from the original plates which are deposited in the Central Muséum, Nagpur.

The plates are inscribed on one side only....The characters are Nâgari. The language is Sanskrit. Except for ôm namo Vrahmanê in the beginning and the name of the engraver and the date at the end, the record is in verse throughout. It contains 28 verses, all of which are numbered. Of these, the first eleven, which give the genealogy of the donor, are copied Verbatim from the earlier grant. The next four, which mention the donees, their gôtra and the village granted to them, are, of course, different. Then come twelve benedictive and imprecatory verses, of which four are found in the earlier record. The last verse, which gives particulars about the writer, is, again, identical in both the records

The inscription is one of Prithvîdëva II of the Kalachuri Dynasty of Ratanpur. The object of it is to record the grant, by Prithvîdëva II, of the village Budubudu (बुडुबुडू) in the Madhya-mandala to the three Brâhmana brothers Silana, Pithana and Lakana, the sons of Devasharman who was himself the son of Mihirasvâmin of the Chandrâtreya gôtra, with the three pravaras Chandra, Atri and Spâvana3 From the other Amôdâ plates we have seen that Sïlana was the eldest of the three brothers and was the sole recipient of the grant recorded in it. The present grant was made on the akshaya-

1. No 91, above

2. Vîz , the Amôdâ plates of Prithvîdëva I, K 831 (No 76) and the Amôdâ plates of Jâjalladëva II, K 91 [9] (No 99)

3. This is probably a mistake for Pâvana (fîre) See above, p 475, n 1

[p.492]: tritïyâ tîtthi1. The record was written by Vatsarâja, the son of Kîrtidhara, the owner of the village Jadera (जड़ेरा). He was the writer of the First Set of the Amôdâ plates also. The charter was engraved by Chândârka.

The inscription is dated. on Tuesday, the 6th day of the bright fortnight of Âshvîna in the year 905 (expressed in decimal figures only) of an unspecified era. The date must, of course, be referred to the Kalachuri era. According to Kielhorn's final View, the Kalachuri era began on Àsvina sudi. 1 (the 5th September) in 248 A C. The date of the présent grant should, therefore, fall in 1152 AC if the year 905 was current, and in 1153 AC if it was expired But in 1152 AC the afore-mentioned tithi ended 7 h 30 m after mean sunrise on Saturday (the 6th September) and in 1153 A.C it ended 7 h. after mean sunrise on Friday (the 25th September). In neither case was the tithi connected with a Tuesday. The date would, therefore, have to be taken as irregular. On the other hand, if we suppose that the Kalachuri year began in some month later than Asvina (say in Kârttika), the details of the date work out regularly , for the 6th tithi of the bright fortnight of Asvina in 1154 A.C., corresponding to the expired Kalachuri year 905, commenced 1 h 15 m after mean sunrise on Tuesday (the 14th September). It is true that on this day also the tithi was not current at sunrise, but since it practically filled the whole of that day and was probably current at the time of the gift, it may have been coupled with that week-day. Tuesday, the 14th September, 1154 AC is, therefore, the date of the present record. Like the date of the Jabalpur plates of Jayasimha2 it clearly shows that the Kalachuri year must have commenced in some month later than Âsvina. The preceding akshaya-tritîyà or Vaisàkha-sukla-tritïyâ, on which the grant was made, fell on Saturday, the 17th April 1154 A.C.3 The plates were thus actually issued nearly five months after the grant was made.

Of the geographical names occurring in this inscription, Madhya-mandala and Jadera have already been identified4 The donated village Budubudû was, like Avala, probably situated in the vicinity of Amôdâ, but it cannot be traced now. RB. Hiralal identified it with Burbur in the former Lâphà Zamindarî, 2 miles south-west of Pâli in the Bilaspur tahsil but it is situated too far from Amôdâ.

Wiki editor Notes:

Amoda Plates Of Jajalladeva II - (Kalachuri) Year 919 (=1167 AD)

No 99 ; Plate LXXXI
Amoda Plates Of Jajalladeva II - (Kalachuri) Year 919 (=1167 AD)

Source - Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.528-533

[p.528]: This set of two copper-plates was discovered together with three others1 while digging for the foundation of a temple in May 1924 at Amôdâ, 10 miles south-east of Jânjgir, the head-quarters of a tahsil of the same name in the Bilaspur District of Madhya Pradesh. The record on them bas been edited before with lithographs, but without a translation, by Rai Bahadur Dr Hiralal in the Epigraphia Indica, Vol XIX, pp 209 ff. It is edited h ère from the original plates which are preserved in the Central Muséum, Nagpur.

....There are 37 lines in all, of which 18 are incised on the first plate and the remaining 19 on the second....The characters are Nàgarï.....The language is Sanskrit Except for ôm namah Vrahmanê in the beginning and the particulars of the date and the names of the donees at the end, the record is metrically composed throughout There are 26 complete verses, all of which are numbered.....

The inscription is one of Jâjalladëva II of the Kalachuri Dynasty of Ratanpur. The object of it is to record the grant, by Jâjalladëva, of the village Bundêrâ (बुन्देरा) to two Brâhmanas.

The genealogy of the donor Jâjalladèva II is traced from the moon down to his father Prithvîdëva II as in the latter's Amôdâ plates (two sets). As stated before, the verses in the genealogical portion have been copied from the earlier grants, they, therefore, furnish no additional historical information. Verse 12 which refers to Jâjalladëva II is, of course, new, but the description in it is wholly conventional.

The present grant was made by way of thanksgiving after the donor had luckily escaped from a great calamity. Verse 19 states that the king Jâjalladëva II was caught by the large alligator Thïrû. He escaped with great difficulty, and regaining his kingdom,

1. Viz the Amôdâ plates of Prithvïdëva I, dated K 831 (No 76, above) and the two sets of the Amôdâ plates of Prithvîdëva II, dated K 900 and 905 (Nos 91 and 94, above)

[p.529]: made the present grant. Rai Bahadur Hiralal who read the name as Dhirû1 took the description to be figurative and saw in it a reference to the rebellion of a local aboriginal chief, in which Jâjalladëva was reduced to a precarious position.2 It is difficult to say how far this is correct; for there is no référence to such a rébellion in any other record o£ the Kalachuris of Ratanpur3 and the possibility o£ the king being caught by an alligator of the species locally known as Thïrû is not altogether precluded.

The donees, to whom the présent grant was made, were the astrologer Râghava and the family-priest Nâmadëva. The former was the son of a great astrologer named Dâmôdara, the son of Prithvîdhara, and belonged to the [Sava]rna gôtra with the five pravaras Vatsa, Bhargava, Chyavana, Apnavana and Aurva. Dâmôdara is described as the best of Sâman-singers, whose feet were worshipped by princes, and seems to be identical with the Pandita Dâmôdara, whose stone image was discovered by Rai Bahadur Hiralal and is now placed in the Lakhanësvara temple at Kharôd near Sheonnarayan.

The other donee Nâmadêva was the son of Parasara who was himself the son of Mahadhana of the Bharadvaja gôtra with the three pravaras Bharadvâja, Angirasa and Barhaspatya. The grant was written on the plates by Dharmarâja, the son of Vatsarâja of the Vâstavya family, who owned the village Jandera. Vatsarâja, it may be noted, was the writer of the two grants of Prithvïdêva II, the father of JâjaJladëva II.

The inscription is dated on Friday, the fifth tîthi of the dark fortnight of Agrahana. The year was denoted by three numerical figures, of which the first two are clearly 9 and 1, but the third is almost completely lost by corrosion Rai Bahadur. Hiralal thought that the bottom bend of the damaged figure indicated that it could not but be 2 or 3. Though no era is specified, there is no doubt that the date must be referred to the Kalachuri era. The fifth tiyhi of the dark fortnight of Agrahâyana or Margashirsha did not, however, fall on Friday m either K 912 or K 913, while the Mk of the same fortnight fell on Friday in the month of Srâvana in K. 912. R B. Hiralal, therefore, conjectured that the writer must have wrongly written Agrana for Srâvana and took the date to be Friday, the fifth tithi of the dark fortnight of Srâvana in the Kalachuri year 912, the corresponding Christian date being the 14th July 1161 A. C.4 My examination of the original plate has convinced me that the third figure is almost completely lost, leaving no clear traces behind. It could hâve been neither 2 nor 3; for from the Ratanpur inscription of Brahmadeva5 we learn that Prithvïdêva II, the father of Jâjalladèva II, was ruling till K 915. Jâjalladëva II, therefore, could not hâve been on the throne in either K 912 or K 913. We have, of course, to conjecture the third figure of the date from the spécification of the tithi and the week-day. As the first two figures are undoubtedly 9 and 1, we hâve to see in which of the years between K 915 and K 919, the fifth tithi of the dark fortnight of Agrahâyana6 fell on a Friday. As Kielhorn has shown, the months of the Kalachuri year were pûrmmânta. Now, the fifth tith of the dark fortnight of the pûrmmânta

1. The reading is undoubtedly Thirû See below, p 532, n 3

2. D R Bhandarkar, who has adopted Hiralal's readings Dhîrû and yakshêna, says that the grant was made apparently for freeing the king from Yaksha Dhîru with whom he was possessed. See his List of Inscriptions of Northern India, p 282, No 2032. The correct readings are, however, Thirû And kruchchbrêna respectively. See below, p 552, n 4

3 The Kharôd stone inscription of Ratnadëva III, dated K 933 (below. No. 100), no doubt states that there was a disturbance in the Kalachuri kingdom, but that was after the death of Jâjalladëva II.

4. Ep Ind.Yol XIX, p 210

5 Above, No 96

6. Even supposing that Agrana is a mistake for Shrâvana, the fifth tithi of the dark fortnight of that month was not civilly connected with a Friday in any year during the period from K 916 to K 919

[p.530]: Àgrahâyana fell on a Friday only in two years during the aforementioned period, viz, in K 916 (1164 A C) when it ended 2 h. 10 m after mean sunrise, and in K 919 (1167 A C) when it ended 12 h after mean sunrise. Of thèse, the first is not likely for: Jâjalladêva II, as his father Prithvîdêva II was ruling just m the preceding year. I, therefore, take the year of the présent grant to be 919 as more probable. The corresponding Christian date is the 3rd November 1167 A. G.

There are only two place-names mentioned in this inscription. Of them, Bundêra, the donated village, is probably Bundèlâ, 11 m south-west of Amôda, while Jandëra has already been shown to be Jôndrâ, 14 m farther in the same direction.

Wiki editor Notes

  • Bundwania (Jat clan) = Bundera (बुन्देरा). Bundera is mentioned in Verse-18 of Amoda Plates Of Jajalladeva II - (Kalachuri) Year 919 (=1167 AD).....Bundera, the donated village, is probably Bundèlâ, 11 m south-west of Amôda. (V. 18) To those two Brâhmanas, Jâjalladëva (II) of noble nature, who deprived the wives of hostile kmgs of the parting Ime of (their) haïr, granted with proper ntes a viUage named Bundërâ. [28]Bundela is a village in Pamgarh tahsil in Janjgir-Champa district in Chhattisgarh.
  • Jandran = Jandera (जण्डेरा) = Jondhra. Jondhra is a village in Masturi tahail of Bilaspur district in Chhattisgarh. Jandera is mentioned in Verse-26 of Amoda Plates Of Jajalladeva II - (Kalachuri) Year 919 (=1167 AD)....(V. 26) Dharmatâja, the son of the illustrious Vatsarâja (and) the owner of (the village) Jandera, who is to the Vâstavya family what the sun is to a cluster of day-lotuses and who is to the crowd of hostile warriors as fire is to fuel, verily wrote (on these plates of) copper here. [29]

Notable persons

Population

External links

References

  1. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401
  2. ↑ https://villageinfo.in/chhattisgarh/janjgir-champa/janjgir/amoda.html
  3. ↑ https://www.onefivenine.com/india/villages/Janjgir_1achampa/Jaijaipur/Amoda
  4. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  5. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  6. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401
  7. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  8. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  9. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  10. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  11. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  12. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  13. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  14. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  15. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  16. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  17. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  18. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  19. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  20. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  21. ↑ Ep Ind , Vol XXI, p. 263
  22. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  23. ↑ Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, their Origin and History, P-148
  24. ↑ Ep Ind , Vol XXI, p. 263
  25. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  26. ↑ Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, their Origin and History, P-148
  27. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 491-495
  28. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.528-533
  29. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.528-533
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