Tirodi
| Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R) |
Tirodi (तिरोड़ी) is a town and tahsil in District Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh.
Variants
- Tiroḍī (तिरोड़ी)
Location
Tiroḍī is located eight miles south-east of Katangi in the Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh. According to Ajay Mitra Shastri, the donated village of Kosambakhaṇḍa mentioned in the inscription is represented by the modern Kosamba (coordinates: 21° 38' 0" North, 79° 39' 0" East).[1]
Tirodi is a Village in Katangi Tehsil in Balaghat District of Madhya Pradesh State, India. It is located 58 KM towards west from District head quarters Balaghat, 9 KM from Katangi. Tirodi Pin code is 481449 and postal head office is Tirodi. Dhankosa ( 4 KM ) , Sonegaon ( 5 KM ) , Bothwa ( 5 KM ) , Maheduli ( 6 KM ) , Chakaheti ( 6 KM ) are the nearby Villages to Tirodi.[2]
Tirodi (Balaghat) Copper Plate Inscription of Pravarasena II
[p.48]: These plates were found at the manganese mine of Tirodi, 8 miles south-east of Katangi, in the District of Balaghat in Madhya Pradesh. They were made over to me for publication by Mr. T. A. Wellsted, Manager of the Manganese Mines, Mansar. I edited them with facsimiles and English translation in the Epigraphia Indica, Vol. XXI, pp. 167 f. They are edited here from the same facsimiles. The plates are now deposited in the Central Museum, Nagpur.
The four in number, each measuring 7.7" x 3'8". The first and fourth plates are on one side only, and the other two on both the sides. Their ends are neither fashioned thicker, nor raised into rims; still the inscription is in a perfect state of preservation...... The characters are of the box-headed variety of the southern alphabets. They resemble those of the grants of Pravarasena II. .....The language is Sanskrit. Except for the legend on the seal and the usual imprecatory verse towards close, the whole record is in prose. The orthography shows the usual reduplication of consonant after r and anusvāra, and of that before y. The use of ri for the vowel ṛi and of li for the vowel ḷi may also be noted; see drishtam, line 1 and sa-klipt-opakliptah, lines 22-23. On the other hand, ṛi occurs for ri in sarvva-kṛiyabhi-, line 24. The final consonant is dropped in some places; see -sthānā, line 1 and -dvādashya, line 31.
The plates were issued from Narattangavari (नरत्तंगवारी) by the Vakataka Maharaja Pravarasena II. His genealogy is given as in his other grants. The inscription opens with drishtam, 'seen'. The object of record the grant of the village Koshambakhanda (कोशम्बखण्ड) to a Brahmana named Varunarya (वरूणार्य) (Of the Harkari and the Atharvaveda, who was a resident of Chandrapura (चान्द्रपुर) and was proficient in three Vedas. The donated village was bounded on the east by Jamali (जमली), on the south by Vardhamanaka (वर्धमानक), on the west by Mrigasima (मृगसिम) and on the north by Mallakapedhaka (मल्लकपेधक). As the order is addressed to the officers and soldiers in the western division (apara-patta)
[p.49]: of Bennakata (बेन्नाकट), it is evident that the donated village was situated in it. The grant was written by the Chief Minister (Rajyadhikrita) (राज्याधिकृत) Chamidasa1 (चमिदास)) by the King’s own order.
The grant is dated, in words, on the twelfth day of the dark fortnight of Magha in the twenty-third year, evidently of Pravarasena II's reign. Unlike most other grants of Pravarasena II, the present grant was not made at the royal capltal2, but at a place called Narattangavari (नरत्तंगवारी) which may have been a tirtha. The month of Magha is specially praised in the Puranas as very sacred, and various legends are narrated in them to evince the great merit of bathing at a holy place during that month3. The eleventh tithi of the dark fortnight of the purnimānta Magha, which is called Shattila Ekadasi and is observed as a fast-day, is highly glorified in the Padmapurdna4. Pravarasena may therefore have gone to the Narattangavari tirtha to bathe there on the Shattila Ekadasi day and may have made the present grant on the following day before breaking his fast. The grant was made by him for his religious merit, life, strength and prosperity, for securing his well-being in this world and the next, as well as for augmenting the religious merit of his mother. As he mentions only his mother and not his father also, who -was long since dead, it is likely that she was living at the time of the present grant and may have accompanied him to the holy place. Only four years before, she had made her own grant recorded in the Riddhapur plates.
As for the geographical names occurring in the present plates,
Narattangavari was probably a tirtha as suggested above. This is probably a joint name like Nagapura-Nandivardhana, and means Vari near Narattanga5. In that case it can be identified with Vari, also called Bhairavagadh (भैरवगढ़), now a deserted village on the river Bān (बाण) or Wān (वाण) in the extreme north-west of the Akot tahsil in the Akola District6. It is only 18 miles to the west of the old fort of Narnala (नरनाला), which probably represents ancient Narattanga, and is still regarded as a holy place.
Kosambakhanda, the donated village, is evidently Kosamba, about 6 miles to the north-east of Tirodi, where the plates were found.
Bennakata was evidently a district7 comprising the territory round the modern village Beni (बेणी), 35 miles to the east of Kosamba in the Gondia tahsil of the Bhandara District, which may have been its headquarters. The district seems to have been divided into two parts by the river Benna (बेन्ना), modern Wainganga8.
Kosamba, which now represents ancient Koshambakhanda, is only 20 miles from the Wainganga, and was evidently included in the western division (apara-patta) of Bennakata.
Of the villages that formed its boundaries, only one can now be traced. Jamali which bounded it on the east is probably modern Jamuntola, 3 miles to the east of Kosamba.
Chandrapura, where the
1. Dr. N. P. Chakravarti suggests that the name may be read as Navamidāsa.
2. It is noteworthy that the expression vaijayike dharmasthana, which, occurs in the grants made at the royal capital, does not occur in this charter.
3. Cf. कामाधेनुर्यया कामं चिन्तामणिस्तु चिन्तितम् । माघस्नानं ददातीह तद्वत्सर्वमनोरथान् ॥ Padmapuram, Uttarakhanda, adhyaya 124, v. 164.
4. Ibid., Uttarakanda, adhyaya 43, vv. 5 f.
5. As there are now and were probably in ancient Vidarbha several villages named Vari or Vārkhcd, Narattanga seems to have been fixed to the place-name to define the position of the place intended.
6. At this place there are ruins of a fort called Bhairavgadh, with an image of Kala-Bhairava. The place may have attained importance in the time of Pravarasena II's ancestor Rudrasena I, -who was a fervent devotee of Kala-Bhairava.
7. Bhojakata is another name ending in kata. The Mahabharata, Sabhaparvan, adhyaya 31, vv. 10-12, states that Sahadeva vanquished the lords of Bhojakata and Venatata. The name of the latter occurs as Venakata (वेणाकट) in many Grantha MSS. of the epic.
8. Bennakarpara-bhoga (बेण्णाकारपर-भोग) mentioned in the Siwani plates is another territorial division named after the river Benna. As shown elsewhere, the villages mentioned as situated therein can be identified in the Amgaon Zamindari, east of the Wainganga.
--- [p.50]: donee was living, is probably identical with Chandpur (चाँदपुर). It lies only twelve miles to the south-east of Kosamba and contains an old fort. The other villages cannot be identified.
[p.51]: Seen. From the place Narattangavari — .
By the order of the illustrious Pravarasena (II), the Maharaja of the Vakatakas, who was born of Prabhavatigupta, the daughter of the Maharajadhiraja, the illustrious Devagupta, (and) who is the son of the illustrious Rudrasena (II), the Maharaja, of the Vakatakas —
[For translation of lines 1 to 10, see above, pp. 13-14.)
Our officials of noble birth, who are employed by the order of the Sarvadhyaksha (General Superintendent) and who exercise their authority by [Our] command, [Our) soldiers and policemen in the western division [aparapatta) of [the district) Bennakata should be directed by the following command which is already well known [to them ) : —
“ Be it known to you that in order to increase Our religious merit, life, power and prosperity and to secure [Our) well-being in this world and the next, the village named Koshambakhanda (कोशम्बखण्ड), which lies to the west of Jamali, to the north of Vardhamanaka, to the east of Mrigasima, and to the west of Mallakapedhaka, is bestowed here with the pouring
[p.52]: out of water as a grant not previously made, upon Varunarya of the Atharvaveda and the Harkari gotra, who has (mastered) the three Vedas and is a resident of Chandrapura.
(For translation of lines 19 to 26, see above, pp. 14-15 and for that of lines 26 to 29, see above, p. 32.)
(Line 29). And the following verse sung by Vyasa should be regarded as an authority on this point: —
[Here occurs an imprecatory verse.)
[This order was communicated) by the king himself on the twelfth (lunar day) of the dark fortnight of (the month) Magha in the twenty-third (regnal) year. (It has been) written by the Rajyadhikrita Chamidāsa.
(For translation of the legend on the seal, see above, p. 27.)
- 1. vākāṭaka-lalāmasya
- 2. kkra(kra)ma-prāpta-nri(nṛ)paśriyam(yaḥ) [|*]
- 3. rājña[ḥ*]-pravarasenasya|
- 4. śāsanaṃ ripuśāsanam [||*]
- 1. dri(dṛ)ṣṭam [|*] Narataṅga-vāristhānā[t*]=agniṣṭom-āptoryyām-okthya-ṣoḍaśy-a[ti]rātra-vājapeya-bṛhaspatisa-
- 2. va-sādyaskra-caturaśvamedha-yājñaḥ Viṣṇuvṛddha-sagotrasya samrāṭ(jo) Vākāṭakānām-mahārāja-śrī-
- 3. Pravarasenasya sūnoḥ sūnor-atyanta-svāmi-mahābhairava-bhaktasya | aṃsa-bhāra-sanniveśi-
- 4. ta-śivaliṅg-odvahana-Śiva-suparituṣṭa-samutpādita-rājavaṃśānāṃ parākram-ādhigata-Bhāgī-
- 5. ratthyā(tthya)-mala-jala-mūrddhn-ā(tddh-ā)bhiṣiktānā-mmahārāja-śrī-Bhavanāga-dauhitrasya Gautamī-
- 6. putrasya putrasya Vākāṭakānām-mahārāja-śri(śrī)-Rudrasenasya su(sū)noḥ
- 7. atyanta-māheśvarasya satyā[rjja]va-kārunya(ṇya) śauryya-vikkrama-naya-vinaya-māhātmya-dhi(dhī)matva(ttva)
- 8. gata-bhantikva-dharmmavijayitva-manonai-mma(nair-mma)ly-a(ly-ā)di-guṇai[ḥ*] samuditasya varṣa-śatam-abhivarddhamā-
- 9. na-kośa-daṇḍa-sādhana-santāna-putra-pautriṇaḥ Yudhiṣṭhira-vṛtter-Vvākāṭakānām-mahā-
- 10. rāja-śrī-Pṛthivisenasya sūno[ḥ*] bhagavataś-cakrapāṇeX prasād-opārjjita-śrī-samudayasya
- 11. Vākāṭakānām-mahārāja-śrī-Rudrasenasya sūnoḥ mahārāj-ādhirāja-śrī-Devagupta-
- 12. sutāyāṃ(yā)m-Prabhāvatiguptāyām-utpannasya | Vākāṭakānām-mahā-
- 13. rāja-śri(śrī)-Pravarasenasya vacanā[t*]| Bennākaṭasya aparapaṭṭe || asmat-santakā-ssarvvāddhyakṣa-niyoga
- 14. niyuktā ājñā-saṃcāri-kulaputr-ādhikṛtāḥ bhaṭā-cchātrāś-ca vyuṣata-pūrvvamay-ājñāyā jñāpayitavyāḥ [| *]
- 15. viditamastu vaḥ yath-eh-āsmābhir-ātmano dharmm-āyur-bbalam-aiśvaryya-vivṛdhaye ih-āmutra-hi-
- 16. tārtthaṃ mātuX=[pu]ṇy-opacay-ārthaṃ Jamalya aparaparśve Varddhamānakasya uttarapārśve
- 17. Mṛgasimasya pūrvvapārśve Mallaka-pedhakasya dakṣiṇapārśve Kośambakhaṇḍaṅ nāma grāmaḥ
- 18. Cāddha(Cāṃdra)pura-vastavy-aathervvāṇa Harkkari-sagotra-Varuṇāryyāya trivedāya dattaḥ
- 19. apūvvadatyā udakapūrvvam-atisṛṣṭaḥ [|*] ucitāṃś-c-āsya pūrvvarāj-ānumatā-cā(tāṃ-cā)turvvaidya-grāma-ma-
- 20. ryyādā-parihārān-vitarāmaḥ stadyathā akaradāyi(yī) abhaṭa-ccha(cchā)tra-prāveśyaḥ apāraṃ-para-go-
- 21. balī-vardda[ḥ*] apuṣpa-kṣi(kṣī)ra-sandohaḥ acārā-sanacarmm-āṅgāraḥ alavana(ṇa)-kliṇṇa(nna)-kre-
- 22. ṇi-khanakaḥ sarvva-viṣṭi-parihāra-parihṛtaḥ sanidhiḥ sopanidhi[ḥ*] sakli(klṛ)pt-o-
- 23. pakli(klṛ)pta ācandr-āditya-kālīyaḥ putra-pautr-ānugāmī bhuñjato na kenacid-vyāghāta
- 24. kartavyaḥ sarvvakṛ(kri)y-ābhissaṃrakṣitavyaX-parivarddhayitavyaś-ca || yaś-c-āsmac-chāsanam-agana(ṇa)ya-
- 25. mānas-svalpām-api paribādhāt-kuryyāt-kārayita vā tasya brāhmaṇair-veditasya sadaṇḍaṃ nigra-
- 26. haṃ kuryyāma || asmi(smiṃ)ś-ca dharmm-āddhi(dhi)karaṇe atīt-ānekarāja-dattāṃ sañcīntana-pari-
- 27. pālana(naṃ) kṛta-puṇy-ānukīrttana-parihār-ārthan-na ka(kī)rttayāmaḥ saṃkalpābhid-yo(yo)gaparā-
- 28. kram-opajitāvva(n-va)rttama(mā)nān-ājñāpayāmaḥ eṣya-tat-kāla-prabhaviṣṇu-gauravā-
- 29. vbha(d-bha)viṣyān-vijñāpayāmaḥ [|*] Vyāsagītaś c-ātra-śloka pramāṇī-karttavyaḥ [|*] svadattām=para-
- 30. dattāvvā(ttāṃ vā) yo hareta vasundharāḥ(rām)[|] gavān-śata-sahasrasya | hantur=harati duṣkritaṃ |
- 31. sāvvatsare trayovītśe | māgha-bahula-pakṣe dvādaśyā[m*]| ājñā-
- 32. syayaṃ[svayam] [|*] rājyādhikṛtana(tena) Navamidāsena likhitam-iti |
Source - Tirodi Copper Plate Inscription of the Maharaja Pravarasena II, V. V. Mirashi, Inscriptions of the Vākāṭakas, CII 5 (Ootacamund, 1963)
Wiki editor Notes
- Chandrapura, where the donee was living, is probably identical with Chandpur (चाँदपुर), a village in Tumsar tehsil of Bhandara district in Maharashtra, India. It lies only twelve miles to the south-east of Kosamba and contains an old fort.
- Jamali which bounded Kosamba on the east is probably modern Jamuntola, 3 miles to the east of Kosamba. At present Jamuntola is a village in Seoni tahsil of Seoni district in Madhya Pradesh.
- Mrigasima (मृगसिम) = Could not be identified. Miragpur (?) village in Khairlanji tahsil of Balaghat. Needs verification!
- Vardhamanaka (वर्धमानक) = Could not be identified.
Notes on Tirodi copper plates
The Tiroḍī copper plates are an epigraphic record of the Vākāṭaka dynasty, documenting a land donation to a brāhmaṇa in the reign king Pravarasena II in the fifth century CE. They were acquired by T. A. Wellsted at Tirodi in District Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Publication: The Tiroḍī copper-plate charter was read and published by V. V. Mirashi in 1963.[3]
The original plates are the Central Museum, Nagpur. An inked impression on paper is in the British Museum.[4]
Description and Contents: The Tiroḍī copper-plate charter consists of a series of copper plates with a seal. The text of the inscription is Sanskrit throughout. The object of the inscription is to record the grant, by Pravarasena II, of the village Kosambakhaṇḍa to a person named Varuṇārya of the Harkari gotra. He belonged to the Atharvaveda and was master of the three Vedas. The grant is dated on the twelfth day of the dark half of the month of Māgha during the 23rd year of donor's reign. The charter was written by Navamidāsa who is styled rajyādhikṛta or state officer.
Villages in Tirodi Tahsil
Town: 1 Tirodi
Villages: 1 Agri, 2 Ambejhari, 3 Anjan Bihari, 4 Badpani, 5 Bamhani, 6 Bandarewa, 7 Bhondki, 8 Bichhwa Ryt., 9 Birsula, 10 Boldongari, 11 Bonkatta, 12 Bori, 13 Bothwa, 14 Chakaheti, 15 Chandadoh, 16 Chichgaon, 17 Chitewani, 18 Chutkideori, 19 Deori Bujurg, 20 Deori Khurd, 21 Dhankosa, 22 Digdha, 23 Dongargaon, 24 Dulhapur, 25 Ganeshpur, 26 Goreghat, 27 Gurragusai, 28 Gusaitola, 29 Hardoli, 30 Hatoda, 31 Hirapur, 32 Jamrapani, 33 Jhanjhagi, 34 Kanhadgaon, 35 Kapoor Bihari, 36 Katedara, 37 Khairlanji, 38 Kharpadiya, 39 Kisanpura, 40 Kodbi, 41 Kohka, 42 Koilari, 43 Kosamba, 44 Kosamtola, 45 Kudwa, 46 Laxmipur Hamesha, 47 Mahkepar, 48 Masalkhapa, 49 Mohgaon, 50 Nandi, 51 Nawegaon, 52 Nawegaon, 53 Pandhari, 54 Paraswadaghat, 55 Patharapet, 56 Pauniya, 57 Pipriya, 58 Sadabodi, 59 Sangrampur Hamesha, 60 Sawri, 61 Sitapathar, 62 Siwanheti, 63 Sonegaon, 64 Sukali, 65 Sundar,
Source - https://www.census2011.co.in/data/subdistrict/3668-tirodi-balaghat-madhya-pradesh.html
External links
- Tirodi Copper Plate Inscription of the Maharaja Pravarasena II
Source - Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol.5 (inscriptions Of The Vakatakas), pp.48-52
References
- ↑ Ajay Mitra Shastri, Vākāṭakas: Sources and History (Delhi, 1997), p. 27.
- ↑ http://www.onefivenine.com/india/villages/Balaghat/Katangi/Tirodi#google_vignette
- ↑ V. V. Mirashi, Inscriptions of the Vākāṭakas, CII 5 (Ootacamund, 1963), available online at http://www.archive.org/details/corpusinscriptio014677mbp. Further comments on the charter were published by Ajay Mitra Shastri, Vākāṭakas: Sources and History, pp. 27-8.
- ↑ British Museum Database
Back to Inscriptions