Chhina

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Chhina (छीना)[1] Chheena (छीना)[2][3] [4] is a gotra of Jats dwelling in Punjab, India and Pakistan. Hiuen-Tsang mentions a kingdom of Chinabhukti in eastern Punjab. [5]

Origin

They are said to be descendants of Chandravanshi King Yayati's son Anu. [6] It is originated from China (चीना), one of The Mahabharata Tribes.

History

B S Dahiya[7] writes that Hiuen-Tsang mentions a kingdom of Chinabhukti in eastern Punjab.[8] Chhinas are now found near Jalandhar and it is the place where certain Chinese prisoners were kept by the Kushana rulers. Markandeya Purana [9]] and Mahabharata [10] places them with the Kambojas. Mahavatsu mentions their assembly whose decisions were binding. [11]

Chhinas are also mentioned by Varahamihira, alongwith 'Jatasura' (Jata + Asura), Potals, Bhallas etc.[12] Mahabharata Bhisma Parva in Sanskrit mentions about the province of Chhinas along with Mirdhas and mali clans. [13] Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mentioned it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia.[14]

Chhina is mentioned in Sabha Parva Mahabharata. [15]

H.A. Rose on Chhina

H.A. Rose[16] writes that Chhina (छीना) Jat clan is found in Shahpur and Amritsar. The Chhina are undoubtedly distinct from the Chima Jats of Sialkot and Gujranwala, though the two tribes are frequently confused. That there are Chhina in Sialkot appears from the fact that the town of Jamki in that District was founded by a Chhina Jat who came, from Sindh and retained the title of Jam, the Sindhi equivalent for Chaudhri. Yet if the Chhina spread up the Chenab into Sialkot and the neighbouring Districts in large numbers, it is curious that they should not be found in the intermediate Districts through which they must have passed. The Chhina are also found in Mianwali and in Bahawalpur state. In the latter they are mainly confined to the Minchinabad kārdāri, opposite Pakpattan, and there have three septs, Tareka Mahramka and Azamka, which own land. Other septs are tenants. Their genealogy gives them a common origin with the Wattus : —

Uchchir → Jay-Pal → Chhina

Uchchir → Raj-Pal → Wattu


Pheru, 18th in descent from Chhina was converted to Islam by Bawa Farid-ud-Din of Pakpattan. The Chhinas are courageous and hard-working, but they are also professional thieves, though they will not steal from Sayyids, faqirs or mirasis, dreading the abuse of the latter. Though a small tribe in comparison with the Wattus they will not allow the latter to got the upper hand, and if they steal one buffalo from the Chhinas, the latter endeavour to retaliate by stealing five from the Wattus.

Distribution in Madhya Pradesh

Villages in Nimach district

They are found in Nayagaon Jawad in Nimach district in Madhya Pradesh.

Distribution in Haryana

Villages in Hisar district

Budana, Mirachpur,

Villages in Kaithal district

Kathana,

Distribution in Punjab

Villages in Mansa district

Kasampur Chhina

Villages in Amritsar district

Chhina population is 5,838 in Amritsar district.[17]

Harse Chhina (Ajnala), Sathiala,

Villages in Gurdaspur district

Chinna Veeran named Village is in Batala tahsil in Gurdaspur district in Punjab.

Chhina, Chhina Bet, Chhina Retwala Villages are in Gurdaspur tahsil in Gurdaspur district in Punjab.

Distribution in Pakistan

The Chhina are completely distinct from the Cheema, although the two clans are often confused. They claim descent from the Johiya Rajputs. The Chhina are found throughout Punjab. Historically, the Chhina were also found in Amritsar, Gurdaspur and Jalandhar districts of East Punjab. In west Punjab they were found in Lahore, Sargodha, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Jhelum, Rawalpindi and Mianwali. The Chhina are one of the larger tribes of the Gujar Khan Tehsil of Rawalpindi. In Bhakkar, they occupy the northern third of the district. In Multan, they were one of the larger of the Saraiki-speaking tribes.

According to 1911 census, this was the principal Muslim Jat clan in districts with population:

Notable persons from this clan

  • Comrade Achhar Singh Chhina - (1899–1981) was an communist politician and freedom fighter. He served as an MLA in the Punjab Legislative Assembly for two terms. In 1962, he contested Lok Sabha election from Tarn Taran but was defeated by 1990 votes.
  • H S Chhina – IAS, Chief Secretary Government of Punjab in 1976
  • Bishan Singh of Chhinah, Chhina- Jat, From Amritsar district was in the List of Punjab Chiefs.

See also

References

  1. ↑ B S Dahiya:Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study), p.237, s.n.42
  2. ↑ Dr Pema Ram:‎Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, p.300
  3. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I,s.n. छ-13.
  4. ↑ Dr Ompal Singh Tugania: Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu, p.38, sn-760.
  5. ↑ A. Cunningham, op. cit., p. 230
  6. ↑ Mahendra Singh Arya et al.: Adhunik Jat Itihas, p.243
  7. ↑ Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India,p. 249
  8. ↑ A. Cunningham, op. cit., p. 230.
  9. ↑ Ch.57. verse, 39
  10. ↑ Bhisma Parva IX
  11. ↑ Vol. I, p. 171
  12. ↑ Bhim Singh Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers, p. 268
  13. ↑ तदैव मरधाश चीनास तदैव दश मालिकाः । कषत्रियॊपनिवेशाश च वैश्यशूद्र कुलानि च (VI .10.65)
  14. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV (Page 342)
  15. ↑ चीनान हूनाञ शकान ओडून पर्वतान्तरवासिनः । वार्ष्णेयान हारहूणांश च कृष्णान हैमवतांस तदा (II.47.19)
  16. ↑ A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II, p.168
  17. ↑ History and study of the Jats. B.S Dhillon. p.124

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