Saradanda
Saradanda (शरदण्ड) was name of a country/people/River mentioned by Panini and Mahabharata.
Variants
- Sharadanda River शरदण्डा (AS, p.890)
- Sharadanda (शरदण्ड)
- Śaradaṇḍa (शरदण्ड)
Mention by Panini
Sharadanda (शरदण्डा) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi. [1]
History
V. S. Agrawala[2] writes that Ashtadhyayi of Panini mentions janapada Sālva (शाल्व) (IV.2.135). It was confined to limited geographical horizon in the central and north eastern Punjab. Shalva may coincide with the territory extending from Alwar to north Bikaner. Salvas were ancient people who migrated from west through Baluchistan and Sindh where they left traces in the form of Śālvakāgiri, the present Hala mountain, and then advancing towards north Sauvira and along the Saraswati and finally settled in north Rajasthan.
V. S. Agrawala[3] writes that Ashtadhyayi of Panini mentions janapada Sālvāvayava (साल्वावयन) - Several members were grouped in this confederacy which include, 1. Udumbara, 2. Tilakhala, 3. Madrakāra, 4. Yugandhara, 5. Bhūliṅga, 6. Śaradaṇḍa
V. S. Agrawala[4] writes that the Madrakāra (मद्रकार) - Madrakāra signifies the warrior troops of Madras (kāra in old Parsian means army). Madra princess Savitri married with Salva prince Satyavan (Vanaparva, 279.15). Consequent to this marriage three new small kingdoms came into existence. 1. Sāvitrīputrakāḥ, 2. Madrakāraḥ and 3. Śālvasenyaḥ. Sāvitrīputrakāḥ represents hundred sons of Savitri and Satyavan. Putra denoted a clan such as Shakyaputras. Senā in Sanskrit denotes kāra in Iranian.
V. S. Agrawala[5] writes that the Bhūliṅgas (भूलिङ्ग) should be identified with Bolingae of Ptolemy settled in the north-west of Aravallis. Bhūliṅga seems to be same as Kulinga of Mahabharata (Bhismaparva,10.38) and the Ramayana on the route connecting Saketa and Kekaya at the point where Śaradaṇḍa river was crossed.
V. S. Agrawala[6] writes that the Śaradaṇḍa (शरदंड) must be settled along the Śaradaṇḍa River as mentioned above. Nothing is known about it. But the name indicates it is same as Saravati, which may be identified with the Drishadvati or Chitāṅg.
Tej Ram Sharma[7] writes that The Candravrtti on Candra [8] informs us that Udumbara, Tilakhala, Madrakara, Yugandhara, Bhulinga and Saradanda, are the divisions of Shalva (or Salva).
शरदंडा नदी
शरदण्डा (AS, p.890): वाल्मीकि रामायण, अयोध्याकाण्ड 68,16 में उल्लिखित एक नदी है जो अयोध्या के दूतों को केकय देश जाते समय मार्ग में मिली थी- ‘तें प्रसन्नोदकां दिव्यां नानाविहग सेविताम्, उपातिजग्मुर्वेगेन शरदंडां जलाकुलाम्।’ प्रसंग से यह सतलज के पास बहने बाली कोई नदी जान पड़ती है। एक मत के अनुसार यह वर्तमान सरहिंद नदी है। ‘वेद धरातल’ नामक ग्रंथ के पृ॰ 646 में यह मत प्रकट किया गया है कि यह नदी शरावती या रावी है। पराशरतंत्र में शरदंड देश का उल्लेख है। इसके दक्षिण पश्चिम में भूलिंग देश स्थित था।[9]
External links
References
- ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.58
- ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.55
- ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.56
- ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.57
- ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.58
- ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.58
- ↑ Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions/Tribes,p.143
- ↑ चंद्रव्याकरण 11,4,103: उदुम्बरास्तिलखला मद्रकारा युगन्धरा । भूलिंगा शरदण्डाश्च साल्वावयव संज्ञिता: ।। Buddha Prakash connects Yugandhara with modern Jagadhari in Punjab: Buddha Prakash, Political and Social Movements in Ancient Punjab, p. 110.
- ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.890
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