Anarya

Anarya (अनार्य) is a term primarily used for the people in the moral sense in the Hindu Epics who were not followers of vedic traditions or Brahmanism.

Variants

• Aryettara (आर्येतर)
• Non Arya (अनार्य)
• Nonarya (अनार्य)
• Non-arya (अनार्य)
• Non-Aryan/Non aryan (अनार्य)
• Anaryas (अनार्य)
• Anārya (अनार्य)
• Anarya Desha/Anaryadesha (अनार्य देश)

Arya and Anarya

Arya and Anarya are primarily used in the moral sense in the Hindu Epics. People are usually called Arya or Anarya based on their behaviour. Arya is typically one who follows the Dharma. This is historically applicable for any person living anywhere in Bharata Varsha or vast India. According to the Mahabharata, a person's behaviour (not wealth or learning) determines if he can be called an Arya.

List of Anaryas

Here is partial list of people and places listed in Anarya category.

• Angas
• Apaga River
• Arattas
• Atavis
• Gandharas
• Jarttikas
• Kalingas
• Karaskaras
• Karkotakas
• Keralas
• Khasas
• Kikata
• Kikatas
• Kundivisha
• Madras
• Madrakas
• Magadhas
• Mahishakas
• Mlecchas
• Pishachas
• Prasthalas
• Rakshasas;
• Sakala town
• Sauviras
• Sindhus
• Sivis
• Skandagupta
• Suras
• Vahikas
• Vasatis
• Virakas
• Yavanas
• Yugandhara town

Brahmans and Anaryas

Hukum Singh Panwar writes that five races descended from Yayati dominated the whole earth. The Panchavratah of the Rig Veda or the five races of Wilson and Pargiter were undoubtedly, as also corroborated by Zimmer, and A.C. Das, the Yadus, Turvtsus, Druhvus, Anus and Purus. They were known as the Aila race of the Aryans.

We know from Pargiter, "Brahmanism originally was not an Aila or Aryan institution. The Brahmans were connected with and were established among the non-Aryan. The Ailas, who were their own sacrificers, actually opposed the Brahmans." The victorious expansion of the Ailas over the non-Aryans in the east and south seriously affected the position and prestige of the Brahmmans. The Brahmans, with a view to share the benefits of the victory of Ailas, as the Rajputs did under the Mughals, tried to gain access to Aila chiefs through matrimonial alliances with them, which ultimately influenced the religious beliefs and practices of the Brahmans. Thus Brahmanism appears to have developed in accordance with Aila ideas and to have owed much of its advancement to the influence of the Kshatriyas. "The Ailas", in fact, "Aryanised the Brahmans as they did the other people". As for the condemnation of the descendents of the north-westerly Vahikadesh.

Niṣādapati

According to Hiraṇyakeśisutra by Yajñavalkya, a son begotten to a Niṣāda lady by a Brahmin was called as Niṣāda Rathakāra and was considered as Anārya or non aryan. If daughter of this Rathakāra is again married to a Brahmin and their daughter is married to a Brahmin,and a daughter born to them again married to a Brahmin, and so on till seven generations,then the son of the seventh Niṣāda Rathakāra's daughter attains brahminhood. The uplifted Niṣādapati and his progeny were entitled to perform the sacrifices and even the Brahmayāgādi. This Rathakāra's ways of earning a livelihood are stated as comprising chariots,carts and the like.

अनार्य

अनार्य का प्रयोग प्रजातीय और नैतिक दोनों अर्थो में होता है अर्थात वह व्यक्ति जो आर्य प्रजाति का न हो, अनार्य कहलाता है। आर्येतर अर्थात्‌ किरात (मंगोल), हब्शी (नीग्रो), सामी, हामी, आग्नेय (ऑस्ट्रिक) आदि किसी मानव प्रजाति का व्यक्ति। ऐसे प्रदेश को भी अनार्य कहते हैं जहाँ आर्य न बसते हों, इसलिए म्लेच्छ को भी कभी-कभी अनार्य कहा जाता है। अनार्य प्रजाति की भाँति अनार्य भाषा, अनार्य धर्म अथवा अनार्य संस्कृति का प्रयोग भी मिलता है। नैतिक अर्थ में अनार्य का प्रयोग असामान्य, ग्राम्य, नीच, आर्य के लिए अयोग्य, अनार्य के लिए ही अनुरूप आदि के अर्थ में होता है।

कीकट

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर ने लेख किया है ...कीकट (AS, p.192) गया (बिहार) का परिवर्ती प्रदेश था. पुराणों के अनुसार बुद्धावतार कीकट देश में ही हुआ था. कीकट का सर्वप्रथम उल्लेख ऋग्वेद में है-- ' किंते कृण्वंति कीकटेषु गावो नाशिरं दुहे न तपन्ति धर्मं आनोभरप्रमगंदस्य वेदो नैचाशाखं के मधवत्रन्ध्यान:' 3,53, 14. इस उद्धरण में कीकट के शासक है प्रमगंद का उल्लेख है. यास्क के अनुसार (निरुक्त 6,32) कीकट अनार्य देश था. पुराण काल में कीकट मगध ही का एक नाम था तथा इससे सामन्यत: अपवित्र समझा जाता था; केवल गया और राजगृह तीर्थ रूप में पूजित थे-- 'कीकटेषु गया पुण्या पुण्यं राजगृहं वनम्' वायु पुराण 108,73. बृहद्धर्मपुराण में भी कीकट अनिष्ट देश माना गया है किन्तु कर्णदा और गया को अपवाद कहा गया है-- 'तत्र देशे गया नाम पुण्यदेशोस्ति वुश्रुत:, नदी च कर्णदा नाम पितृणां स्वर्गदायिनी' 26,47. श्रीमद्भागवत में कतिपय अपवित्र अथवा अनार्य लोगों के देशों में कीकट या मगध की गणना की गई है. महाभारत काल में भी ऐसी ही मान्यता थी. पांडवों की तीर्थ यात्रा के प्रसंग में वर्णन है कि वे जब मगध की [p.193] सीमा के अंदर प्रवेश करने जा रहे थे तो उनके सहयात्री ब्राह्मण वहां से लौट आए. संभव है कि इस मान्यता का आधार वैदिक सभ्यता का मगध या पूर्वोत्तर भारत में देर से पहुंचना हो. अथर्ववेद 5,22,14 से भी अंग और मगध का वैदिक सभ्यता के प्रसार के बाहर होना सिद्ध होता है. पुराण काल में शायद बौद्ध धर्म का केंद्र होने के कारण ही मगध को अपुण्य देश समझा जाता था.

In Mahabharata

Mahabharata Book VIII Chapter 30 - mentions the tribes who are not followers of Vedas and Brahmanism, who are out of the pale of virtue, and that live away from the Himavat and the Ganga River and Sarasvati and Yamuna and Kurukshetra and the Sindhu and its five tributary rivers. The sisters' sons of the Arattas, and not their own sons, become their heirs. They are said to be Anaryas. These include:

Vahikas, Madrakas; town Sakala, a river Apaga, and a clan of the Vahikas known by the name of the Jarttikas; Rakshasas; town called Yugandhara; Pishachas named Vahi and Hika in the river Vipasha; tribes Karaskaras, Mahishakas, Kalingas, Kikatas, Atavis, Keralas, Karkotakas, Virakas, Prasthalas, Madras, Gandharas, Arattas, Khasas, Vasatis, Sindhus, Sauviras and the regions called as Arattas; Angas, Magadhas, Sivis, Yavanas, Suras, mlecchas, Madrakas

Further reading

• Chatterji, S. K. : Bharata Mein Arya Aura Anarya,