Chainkora
Chainkora (चैंकोरा) (Chaikora) village is situated in Tehsil- Kiraoli, District- Agra in Uttar Pradesh. It is sight of a Jat Fort. Chaikora (8 miles to the south of Sikri), was the castle of Maujea Jat, which served as the base for the renewed activities of Jat Chieftains against Mughal Empire.[1]
Location
It is 8 miles to the south of Sikri. It is situated 6km away from Kiraoli town and 31km away from Agra city. Chainkora village has got its own gram panchayat. Nahchani, Khera Bakanda and Karahara are some of the nearby villages.
Jat Gotras
History
Dr Girish Chandra Dwivedi[2] writes.... [p.45]: In January, 1691, Bishan Singh sent Hari Singh to attack Awar and he himself moved towards Sonkh. On 21st May 1691, the Kachhwahas captured Sogar with a surprise attack. Achala and Rustam Sogaria were
[p.46]: stayed at Sogar. This place was surrounded by small garhis of Sonkh, Awar, Rarah, Sewar, Noh and Dahra. These were situated in impenetrable jungles. The Rajputs cleared the jungles and put several villages on fire. But the Jats held on. One day the Rajputs fell upon Sogar at a time when its gate was kept open for admitting provisions. Disguising themselves as labourers, some Rajput soldiers entered the fortress, while ten main troops arrayed outside the gate. Then they killed all those who opposed them. Five Hundred rebels were captured. The news of the fall of the garhi was sent to the Emperor along with its golden key. 65
Bidar Bakht was subsequently recalled to the Deccan (Decemberr1691).66 Bishan Singh, however, stayed behind to carryon the work of suppressing the Jats. After Sogar, the Kachhawahas attacked Awar which was defended by Raja Ram and Alia. The siege here dragged on for ten months. Hari Singh had to be vigilant on ten sides. First, he had to cope with those rebels who emerging from the nearby garhis, surprised the besiegers. At the same time he had to confront their roving bands also. Inspite ofthese difficulties the Rajputs succeeded in capturing the garhi in February, 1692.67
The capture of these main strongholds did not materially improve the situation. The Jat rebels remained active throughout. Kanha Naruka, Ram Singh Pawar, Sheo Singh Pawar and Harkishan Chauhan co-operated with them. Troubles now stirred up in the Hindaun-Bayana region. The Jat and Rajput insurgents harassed the local karories and amils and exacted the revenue from the people. Maasir-i-Alamgiri tells us that Kamal-ud-Din Khan, the faujdar of Hindaun-Bayana tried to chastise the rebels in that quarter. In lieu of his services the Emperor increased his mansab by 500 zat (30th November, 1692).68
Kasot (7 miles to the north of Sogar) and Pingora (14 miles to the south-west of Bharatpur) were the next targets of the Kachhwahas. Around September, 1692, they captured Kasot. However, they experienced greater hardships in wresting Pingora from Fateh Singh (early in October) who fled to Sonkh Gujar. In view of its strategic position the castle of Pingora was not demolished. Instead the Kachhwahas chose to encamp there.69 The faujdari of Hindaun and Bayana was granted to Bishan Singh (August, 1692). Subsequently, on 10th December his mansab was increased by
65. The letter of Kesho Rao, 20th Jan, 1691; Fatuhat (Pers. Ms.) 137a-137b. It is, however, wrong in stating that Sogar was captured only a day after Sinsini; Maasir. 340; Kamwar (Pers. Ms.), II, 237; U.N. Sharma, Itihas, I,48, 150, 151, 152.
66. Maasir, 344.
67. Qanungo, Diggi, 102-105; U.N. Sharma, Itihas, I, 156f.
68. Akhbarat (J. Records), IX, 345; Maasir, 351; Qanungo, Diggi, 102,106.
69. Ibid., Qanungo, Diggi, 105.
[p.47]: 500 Sawar and he was made the faujdar of Bhusawar also. As is evident from Aurangzeb's repeated orders, the obvious purpose of these new assignments and promotion was that the Raja should exert utmost for the extirpation of the rebels. However, side by side, his opponents, the Amir-ul-Umra, Kamal-ud-Din and others were busy maligning him. It was wrongly reported that the Raja was unwilling to suppress the rebels and capture their forts, that he shared one third of the booty of the plunderers and that Jagman, Fateh Singh and Churaman had resettled in their original homes. Though Bishan Singh refused such allegations, lt annoyed the Emperor and he threatened to reduce his (Raja's) mansab. Thus Aurangzeb made the Raja confront the Jats "sometime by cajolery and more often by threats."70
To resume, during the siege of Pingora the Jats, who had assembled at Bhatavali (10 miles to the north of Pingora), harassed the Rajputs. VI Retaing their base there, they intended to obstruct the march of the Kachhawahas to the important castle of Sonkh. In the middle of December, 1692 Bishan Singh despatched a section of his army to Kathumar area, and he himself moved towards Bhatavali. A severe action took place near Sonkh Gujar (10 miles to the north west of Bhatavali) between Hari Singh and the rebels led by Fateh Singh and Churaman. In the end, the Jat chieftains fled towards Bayana and Rupbas. The RajputVI general then directed an assault on Sonkh, which he caputured on 9th January, 1693. The Kachhwahas followed up this success by easily wrestmg the garhis of Raises (12 miles to the south of Sonkh) and Bhatavali (in February) from the Jats, Barora (l9th April) from thelr associates the Narukas, and Garhi Kesra (in June) from the Chauhans. Durmg the next six months the Raja's forces remained busy subdumg the Panwars and Jat rebels and capturing their small garhis Jharoti (6 miles to north-west of Bhusawar), Barah (10 miles to east-west of Jharorti), Saidpur Khairora (7 miles to south-east of Bhusawar), Mahua, Matan, Mahun etc. Meanwhile, some miscreants had gathered at Rarah (7 miles to north-east of Bharatpur). Gaj Singh attacked and captured it (September, 1693), though the defenders escaped.71 There was, however, no rest for Bishan Singh. Pressed ill one area, the rebel chieftains, Churaman, Ani Ram and others now raised their heads in the south-western region of Agra. Chaikora (8 miles to the south of Sikri),
70. Qanungo, 'Bishan Singh', Proc. I.H.C., XI, 172; Meghraj to Bishan Singh 28 January 1693, Also J. Records, IX, 356-357. '
VI. Rajput means 'Kachhawahas' at both places because other Rajput clans-Naruka Pawar and Chauhan were with the Jats and Rathor were also against Kachhawahas: Thus one clan cannot represent the whole body of the Rajputs.-Editor.
71. Akbarat, IX; Qanungo, Diggi, 106-108, 110-113, 116-123.
[p.48]: the castle of Maujea Jat, served as the base for their renewed activities. Bishan Singh, therefore, decided to besiege this garhi. But the Jat leaders had slipped away before he could do so. Hari Singh pursued them upto Sainpur but he failed to catch them. The Jat leaders, crossing the Parvati river, sought refuge in Ratanpur and Intai. Meanwhile seeing the concentration of the imperialists at Chaikora the local Jat Sardars retreated to Sarsoda (7 miles to the south-west of Chaikora) and resumed lawlessness in its environs. Hari Singh overpowered them in two encounters making five hundred of them captives including Alia's son Nand Ram (in the third week of March 1694). All of them were mercilessly slain on the road, to serve as a deterrent for the other insurgents. On 14th April, the Rajputs decamping from Chaikora shifted to the castle of Khorsa (4 miles to the west of Khanua). A fierce engagement took place there in which the rebels were fmally pushed back. The Rajputs then assaulted the garhi. Subsequently they remained busy chastising the Jats but their leaders slipped to the garhis of Bachhamadi (4 miles to the east of Bharatpur) , Undera (3 miles to the east of Bachhamadi) and Chiksana (1 mile to the south of Undera) situated in the deep jungles. Hari Singh rushed to the area and circled. He finally converged on Chiksana (c. May). A bloody encounter occurred there in which the Jat womenVII also displayed their reckless courage in the battle field. However, the Rajputs ultimately prevailed over the rebels. Both sides sustained heavy losses. Numberous Jats were captured and later slain on Agra-Bharatpur road. But the ring leaders eluded Bishan Singh once more.72
The Jadon castle of Ratanpur (4 miles to the south-west of Sir, Mathura) situated amidst hillocks and dense forest, north of the Chambal rankled in the minds of the imperialists. Most of the prominent Jat chieftains expelled from their castles (Churaman, Aniram and others from Sinsini; Lodha, Bukna and others from Sogar; Nand Ram, Alia Vijai Ram etc. from Awar; Jagman, Banarasi from Sonkh; Maujia and others from Chaikora) had flocked there.
VII. The leader of these women was Longshree, B.S. Bhargava, Rajputana Ka Itihas, 118-119 cited by, Ganga Singh, Itihas, p. 39.-Editor.
72. Akbarat, IX; Diggi, 125, 127-129, 132-134; U.N. Sharma, Itihas, 167-173.
ठाकुर मोझीसिंह चाहर (मोजिया चाहर) भाग -3
जून 1664 का चैकोरा का युद्ध मोजिया चाहर
जगह जगह ब्रज में जाट पाल की पंचायते गाँव दर गाँव आयोजित की जा रही थी। इसी कड़ी में जून 1664 को चैकोरा में विशाल पंचायत का आयोजन किया गया जिसमें वीरवर चूड़ामणि, सौंख के हाथी सिंह, सोगर के रुस्तम सोगरवार ने भाग लिया। विशन सिंह और मुगलों की संयुक्त सेना ने जब 15 जून 1664 को चैकोरा का घेरा डाला उस समय से पूर्व ही जिसमें वीरवर चूड़ामणि, सौंख के हाथी सिंह, सोगर के रुस्तम सोगरवार और दूसरे पालों के मुखिया यहाँ से इतेरा को प्रस्थान कर चुके थे ।
महाराजा विशन सिंह जयपुर और आगरा के सूबेदार फिदल खान ने चैकोरा में घेरा डाल लिया लेकिन तभी उन पर छापेमार जाट योद्धाओं ने धावा बोल दिया। अहेरिया के चाहरों से भयानक युद्ध हुआ। मोजिया के वीर चाहरों मुगलों के सैनिक प्रमुख का सर काट लिया। इनका साथ कागारोल के चाहरों और सोलंकी जाटों ने दिया। भयंकर लड़ाई के बाद सासंडा ग्राम में मोजिया चाहर ने मुगलों से युद्ध किया। मोजिया चाहर ने सात मुग़ल अधिकारों को बंदी बनाकर अपने सैनिकों के साथ सिद्ध गिरी की पहाडियों में भेज दिया। जयपुर का सेनापति हरिसह खंगारोत ने इस जाट टोली का पीछा किया जिसके बाद चाहर जाटों की एक गढ़ी पर दोनों में युद्ध हुआ। 500 से ज्यादा जाट युद्ध में वीरता के साथ लड़े। विशाल मुगल सेना के आगे मृत्यु तक अपने हथियार नहीं डाले। बिशन सिंह जाटों को नहीं दबा पाया इसलिए जयपुर नरेश, जो मुगलों की तरफ से लड़ रहा था, उस ने आगरा में मुगलों के समर्थक राजपूत राजाओं का सैनिक सम्मलेन बुलाया जिसमे मुग़ल सूबेदार फिदलखान ने भदावर के मुग़ल समर्थक राजा कल्याण सिंह से जाट विद्रोही मोजिया के विरोध कार्यवाही करने को कहा। भदावर के राजपूत राजा कल्याण सिंह बोले कि यह कार्य मेरी शक्ति और युक्ति से बाहर है। विशन सिंह मेरी सहायता करे तो हम भी इस अभियान में पूरा साथ देंगे। इस आश्वासन के बाद दुबारा से विशन सिंह, हरी सिंह खंगारौत और कल्याण सिंह फिडल खान ने चैकोरा के गढ़ पर विशाल सेना लेकर आक्रमण किया। इस युद्ध में हरी सिंह का भाई हडूसिंह घायल हो गया। चैकोरा की गढ़ी का पतन हो गया। इसके बाद मुरकिया, मिकाडा के चाहरों ने मोजिया चाहर के साथ मिल कर विद्रोह कर दिया। एक मुग़ल टुकड़ी क़त्ल कर दी गई। पिदलखान के चाचा का सिर काट लिया। यह घटना 16 अप्रैल को घटित हुई। 21 अप्रैल को मुग़ल सेना ने यहाँ हमला कर दिया ।
Population
Population of Chainkora according to Census 2011, stood at 1798 (Males: 990, Females: 808).[3]
Notable persons
External links
References
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