Singal

Singal (सिंगल) Singhal (सिंहल)/(सिंघल) Gotra Jats live in Haryana, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. Shingi/Singali/Silha/Sinhan clan is found in Afghanistan.

Origin

They get probably name from ancient Mahabharata tribe - Sinhala (सिंहल). They fought Mahabharata War in Kaurava's side.

Jat Gotras Namesake

• Singhal = Singae (Pliny.vi.23)

Mention by Pliny

Pliny mentions 'The Indus.'....Below these deserts are the Dari and the Surve, and then deserts again for one hundred and eighty-seven miles, sands in general encircling these spots just as islands are surrounded by the sea. Below these deserts, again, are the Maltecoræ, the Singæ, the Marohæ, the Rarungæ, and the Morontes. These last peoples, who possess the mountains throughout the whole range of country as far as the shores of the ocean, are free, and independent of all kings, and hold numerous cities upon the declivities of the mountains.

Jat clans mentioned by Megasthenes

Megasthenes also described India's caste system and a number of clans out of these some have been identified with Jat clans by the Jat historians. Megasthenes has mentioned a large number of Jat clans. It seems that the Greeks added 'i' to names which had an 'i' ending. Identified probable Jat clans have been provided with active link within brackets. (See Jat clans mentioned by Megasthenes)

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Jat clans as described by Megasthenes
Location	Jat clans	Information
10. Below the deserts are	The Dari (Dar, Dara, Darwal), the Surae (Sur, Sauran, Soora, Surve), the Maltecorae (Maltiya), Singhae (Sangha, Singa, Singad, Singala, Singhal, Singhar, Singwa), Marohae (Maru, Maurya, Marohi), Rarungae (Rangi,Rara), Moruni (Mor)	These inhabit the hills which in an unbroken chain run parallel to the shores of the ocean. They are free and have no kings, and occupy the mountain heights, whereon they have built many cities

History

Ram Sarup Joon writes that...about 70 Jat Gotras joined the Gujar force and started calling themselves Gujars. Singal is one of them.

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James Legge writes that Fahian visited the country of Singhala. The people said that it was distant (from Tamalipti) about 700 yojanas. James Legge has interpreted Singhala - “The Kingdom of the Lion,” Ceylon. Singhala was the name of a merchant adventurer from India, to whom the founding of the kingdom was ascribed. His father was named Singha, “the Lion,” which became the name of the country; — Singhala, or Singha-Kingdom, “the Country of the Lion.”

Sinhala Kingdom

The Sinhala Kingdom or Sinhalese Kingdom refers to the one and or all of the successive Sinhalese kingdoms that existed in what is today Sri Lanka.

Founded in 543 BC, the Sinhala Kingdom existed as successive kingdoms known by the city at which its administrative center was located, these are in chronological order the Kingdom of Tambapanni, Upatissa Nuwara, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Dambadeniya, Gampola, Kotte, Sitawaka and Kandy. The Sinhala Kingdom ceased to exist by 1815. During this time other political entities also existed, the Jaffna kingdom, Vanni chieftaincies, Portuguese and Dutch colonies, these are not part of the Sinhala Kingdom.

In Mahabharata

Mahabharata, Book 1, Section: 177

When the sage Vasistha was attacked by king Viswamitra's army, Vasistha's cow, Kamadehnu, brought forth from her tail, an army of Pallavas, and from her udders, an army of Dravidas and Sakas; and from her womb, an army of Yavanas, and from her dung, an army of Savaras; and from her urine, an army of Kanchis; and from her sides, an army of Savaras. And from the froth of her mouth came out hosts of Paundras and Kiratas, Yavanas and Sinhalas, and the barbarous tribes of Khasas and Chivukas and Pulindas and Chinas and Hunas with Keralas,and numerous other Mlechchhas.

In the ancient Indian literature, cow is a symbol of earth or land. Thus the myth mentioned above simply means that, these tribes gathered for the protection of sage Vasistha's land, against the army of king Viswamitra. Kings present in Yudhisthira's Rajasuya Sacrifice

Mahabharata, Book 2, Section: 33

Sabha Parva, Mahabharata/Book II Chapter 31 tells us Kshatriyas brought tributes on Rajasuya sacrifice of Yudhisthira. King Bhagadatta of Pragjyotisha accompanied by all Mlechcha tribes inhabiting the marshy regions on the sea-shore; and many mountain kings, and king Brihadbala; and Vasudeva the king of the Paundrayas, and the kings of Vanga and Kalinga; and Akastha and Kuntala and the kings of the Malavas and the Andhrakas; and the Dravidas and the Singhalas and the king of Kashmira, and king Kuntibhoja of great energy and king Gauravahana, and all the other heroic kings of Valhika; and Virata with his two sons, and Mavella endued with great might; and various kings and princes ruling in various countries; and, O Bharata king Sisupala endued with great energy and invincible in battle accompanied by his son--all of them came to the sacrifice of the son of Pandu. And Rama and Aniruddha and Kanaka and Sarana; and Gada, Pradyumna, Shamva, and Charudeshna of great energy; and Ulmuka and Nishatha and the brave Angavaha; and innumerable other Vrishnis--all mighty car-warriors--came there.

यज्ञसेनः सपुत्रश च शाल्वश च वसुधाधिपः

पराग्ज्यॊतिषश च नृपतिर भगथत्तॊ महायशाः (II.31.9)

पराग्ज्यॊतिषश च नृपतिर भगथत्तॊ महायशाः

सह सर्वैस तदा मलेच्छैः सागरानूपवासिभिः

पार्वतीयाश च राजानॊ राजा चैव बृहथ्बलः (II.31.10)

पौण्ड्रकॊ वासुथेवश च वङ्गः कालिङ्गकस तदा

आकर्षः कुन्तलश चैव वानवास्यान्ध्रकास तदा (II.31.11)

द्रविडाः सिंहलाश चैव राजा काश्मीरकस तदा

कुन्तिभॊजॊ महातेजाः सुह्मश च सुमहाबलः (II.31.12)

बाह्लिकाश चापरे शूरा राजानः सर्व एव ते

विराटः सह पुत्रैश च मावेल्लश च महारदः

राजानॊ राजपुत्राश च नानाजनपथेश्वराः (II.31.13)

शिशुपालॊ महावीर्यः सह पुत्रेण भारत

आगच्छत पाण्डवेयस्य यज्ञं संग्रामथुर्मथः (II.31.14)

रामश चैवानिरुथ्धश च बभ्रुश च सह सारणः

गद परथ्युम्न साम्बाश च चारु थेष्णश च वीर्यवान (II.31.15)

उल्मुकॊ निशठश चैव वीरः पराथ्युम्निर एव च

वृष्णयॊ निखिलेनान्ये समाजग्मुर महारदाः (II.31.16)

Mahabharata, Book 2, Section: 51

Sabha Parva, Mahabharata/Book II Chapter 48 Describes Kings who presented tributes to Yudhishthira.

The Kings of Chola and Pandya, brought numberless jars of gold filled with fragrant sandal juice from the hills of Malaya, and loads of sandal and aloe wood from the Dardduras hills, and many gems of great brilliancy and fine cloths inlaid with gold. The king of the Singhalas gave those best of sea-born gems called the lapis lazuli, and heaps of pearls also, and hundreds of coverlets for elephants.

समुद्रसारं वैडूर्यं मुक्ताः शङ्खांस तदैव च

शतशश च कुदांस तत्र सिन्हलाः समुपाहरन (II.48.30)

Mahabharata, Book 3, Section: 51

Vana Parva, Mahabharata/Book III Chapter 48 Describes Rajasuya sacrifice of Yudhisthira attended by the chiefs of many islands and countries:

All kings, even those of the Vangas and Angas and Paundras and Odras and Cholas and Dravidas and Andhakas, and the chiefs of many islands and countries on the sea-board as also of frontier states, including the rulers of the Sinhalas, the Barbaras, the Mlecchas, the natives of Lanka, and all the kings of the West by hundreds, and all the chiefs of the sea-coast, and the kings of the Pahlavas and the Daradas and the various tribes of the Kiratas and Yavanas and Sakras and the Harahunas and Chinas and Tukharas and the Sindhavas and the Jagudas and the Ramathas and the Mundas and the inhabitants of the kingdom of women and the Tanganas and the Kekayas and the Malavas and the inhabitants of Kasmira, afraid of the prowess of your weapons, present in obedience to your invitation, performing various offices,--that prosperity.

यत्र सर्वान महीपालाञ शस्त्रतेजॊ भयार्थितान

सवङ्गाङ्गान सपौण्ड्र उड्रान सचॊल थरविडान्धकान (III.48.18)

सागरानूपगांश चैव ये च पत्तनवासिनः

सिंहलान बर्बरान मलेच्छान ये च जाङ्गलवासिनः (III.48.19)

पश्चिमानि च राज्यानि शतशः सागरान्तिकान

पह्लवान थरथान सर्वान किरातान यवनाञ शकान (III.48.20)

हारहूणांश च चीनांश च तुखारान सैन्धवांस तदा

जागुडान रमठान मुण्डान सत्री राज्यान अद तङ्गणान (III.48.21)

Sinhalas in Kurukshetra War

Mahabharata, Book 7, Chapter 20:

The Kalingas, the Sinhalas, the Easterners, the Sudras, the Abhiras, the Daserakas, the Sakas, the Yavanas, the Kambojas, the Hangsapadas, the Surasenas, the Daradas, the Madras, and the Kalikeyas, with hundreds and thousands of elephants, steeds, chariots, and foot-soldiers were stationed at the neck of Drona's Garuda Military Formation.

Distribution in Rajasthan

Singhal Jat clan is found in Alwar, Sikar and Jaipur districts.

Villages in Alwar district

Nangal Singal,

Villages in Sikar district

Datujla,

Villages in Jaipur district

Kapriyawas Kalan, Kapriyawas Khurd, Sitarampura, Hirnoda (3),

Distribution in Haryana

Villages in Bhiwani district

Singal Jat clan found in villages: Badesra Bhiwani,

Villages in Hisar district

Singhal clan is found in: Chiraud,Ramayan Gaon(रामायण)

Distribution in Delhi

South Delhi District

Devli, Adhchini.

Distribution in Madhya Pradesh

Villages in Gwalior district

Morar (Gwalior),

Distribution in Rajasthan

Locations in Jaipur city

Malviy Nagar,

Distribution in Uttar Pradesh

Villages in Hapur district

Bagarpur,

Notable Persons

• Col. R.N.S. Singhal - Defence, C/O 56 APO, New Delhi-62, NCR (PP-251).

References

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