Babbar

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Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R)

Babbar (बब्बर)[1] [2][3] Babar (बाबर)[4] Barbar (बर्बर)[5] Barbar (बारबर)[6] Barbra[7] is a Jat gotra found in Punjab, India and Pakistan. Baburi, or Barbari is a Jat clan found in Afghanistan. Babbar or Babhbar is a Baloch clan found in Southern Punjab, Northern Sindh and Balochistan.[8] [9] [10] Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mentioned it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia. [11] Babbar are found in Northern Sindh Districts of Pakistan.

Origin

Barbara (बर्बर): Their Sanskritised name is Barbara (बर्बर). Arthashastra mentions a river named Srautaśi on Barbara Kool.[12] बर्बरकूले समुद्रैकदेशे श्रीघण्टो नाम ह्रदः. As the name suggests, they were near the sea (Caspian ? Aral ?). Their country was known to the Greeks, as Barbikae. [13] According to the local tradition of Sindh and Makran , the Baloch clan Babbar is said to be descended from the larger Hoth Baloch tribe of Makran.[14]. Henry Walter Bellew writes in his book "An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan", that Babbars represent the ancient population of Gedrosia represented as Gadrosai by the Greeks.[15]

Mention by Panini

V. S. Agrawala[16] writes that Gaṇa-pāṭha of Panini refers to janapada Barbara (बर्बर) (IV.3.93), on the sea cost near the mouth of Indus where the port of Barbarika was situated. (p.62)

Barbar (बर्बर) {also Parvata), Barbad (बर्बड़) is name of a Country mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Dhumadi (धूमादि) (4.2.127) group.[17]

Barbar (बर्बर) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Takshashiladi (तक्षशिलादि) (4.3.93) group.[18]

Barbara (बर्बर)/ Varvara (वर्वर) is name of a place mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Krishashvadi (कृशाश्वादि) (4.2.80.2) group. [19]

Barbara (बर्बर) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi. [20]

History

H.A. Rose[21] writes that The Jats of the south-east Punjab have two other divisions, 1. Shibgotra and 2. Kashib-gotra. The former are also called asl or real Jats and confess that their progenitor sprang from Shiva's matted hair and was so called jat bhadra. They have 12 gots, which are descended from the 12 sons of Barh, who conquered a large part of Bikaner. His descendants are chiefly sprung from Punia and they held the country round Jhansal. These 12 Gotras are: 1. Punia. 2. Dhanian. 3. Chhacharik. 4. Bali. 5. Barbra. 6. Solahan. 7- Chiria. 8. Chandia. 9. Khokha. 10. Dhanaj. 11. Letar. 12. Kakar.


H. W. Bellew writes that Baburi, or Barbari, inhabit Sarijangal and Lal districts, and the upper valley of the Hari Rud, and are reckoned at about twenty thousand families. They represent the Bebrikkoi of Strabo (Greog. vii. 3), a Thrakian tribe of Jata or Getai Skyths. [22]

Barbari, or Babari, claim descent from the Koresh Arab ; but, as I have previously suggested, the Koresh from which several different tribes in Afghanistan claim descent, is probably the Rajput Keruch of Tod, commonly called Kurush, Gorish, Goraish,Gorich, etc., in Afghanistan, where this name is of very ancient date. [23]

H.A. Rose [24] States about Babbar (बब्बर), a Jat tribe in Dera Ghazi Khan — probably immigrants from the east or aboriginal — and in Bahawalpur, where they give the following genealogy : —

Raja Karan.
↓
Kamdo.
↓
Pargo.
↓
Janjuban.
↓
Khakh.

↓

Babbar. + Gabbar. + Rabbar. + Jhaggar.

The Babbars of Dera Ghazi Khan were traditionally camel-herders who identify as Jat-Baloches. Mr Hughes-Buller has explained, in the Census Report of 1901 that a distinction exists among the Jats themselves. The camelmen and graziers among the Baloch are shown as a Jat clan within the tribe of the same name, but their name is pronounced with a soft " t ” (Persian) as opposed to the hard “ t". These camelmen speak a different language to other Jats, and many of their customs vary. In origin, too they are distinct from the Jats. The principal sections are Mir Jat, Lashari, Bharani, Majidani, Bhund, Lanjwani, Babbar, Waswani, and Baladi. The principal headman is Rustam of the Mir Jat section.[25] These Camel-Herding Jats are described having a Baloch origin.[26][27]

The "Jats," who are known as Leshari, Brahmani, Waswani, and Babbar, live in encampments of mat tents, and are engaged in tending and rearing camels. They also are well- made and handsome. The food of these different tribes consists of unleavened wheaten or juår bread, with milk and butter, and occasionally meat, eggs, and vegetables. They are addicted to the use of "bhang" and tobacco, and drink spirituous liquors.[28] The Baloch Babbars are mentioned by the Mughal courtier Mir Yusuf Mirak in his historical account of Sindh "Tareekh-E-Mazhar Shahjahani" as a rebellious Baloch tribe inhabiting the Kirthar Mountains of Balochistan. They were weakened due to their constant clashes with Mughals after which the neighbouring Nahmurdi tribe of Baloches defeated them and eventually they were forced towards the plains of Sindh.[29]

In Mahabharata

Barbara (बर्बर) is mentioned in Mahabharata (II.29.15), (III.48.19),(VI.10.55), (XII.200.40)

Sabha Parva, Mahabharata/Book II Chapter 29 mentions the Countries subjugated by Nakula in West. Barbara (बर्बर) is mentioned in Mahabharata (II.29.15).[30]....And the son of Pandu (Nakula) then reduced to subjection the fierce Mlechchas residing on the sea coast, as also the wild tribes of the Pahlavas, the Barbaras,....

Vana Parva, Mahabharata/Book III Chapter 48 describes Rajasuya sacrifice of Yudhisthira attended by the chiefs of many islands and countries. Barbara (बर्बर) is mentioned in Mahabharata (III.48.19).[31]....and the chiefs of many islands and countries on the sea-board as also of frontier states, including the rulers of the Sinhalas, the Barbaras, the Mlecchas, .....

Bhisma Parva, Mahabharata/Book VI Chapter 10 describes geography and provinces of Bharatavarsha. Barbara (बर्बर) is mentioned in Mahabharata (VI.10.55). [32]....the Kachchhas, the Gopalakachchhas, and Langala, the Paravallaka, the Kiratas, the Barbaras, the Siddhas, the Vaidehas, and the Tamralingakas; ....

Shanti Parva Mahabharata Book XII Chapter 200 mentions Barbara (बर्बर) in verse (XII.200.40).[33]

Military Campaign of Karna: Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 252....And, having come to the quarter of Varuna, he made all the Yavana and Varvara kings pay tribute.[34]

शकस्थान

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[35] ने लेख किया है कि....शकस्थान शकों का मूल निवास स्थान था जो ईरान के उत्तर-पश्चिमी भाग तथा परिवर्ती प्रदेश में स्थित था. इसे सीस्तान कहा जाता है. शकस्थान का उल्लेख महा-मायूरि 95, मथुरा सिंहस्तंभ-लेख कदंम्बनरेश मयूरशर्मन् के चंद्रवल्ली प्रस्ताव लेख में है. मथुरा-अभिलेख के शब्द हैं-- 'सर्वस सकस्तनस पुयेइ' जिसका अर्थ, कनिंघम के अनुसार 'शकस्तान निवासियों के पुण्यार्थ' है. राय चौधरी (पॉलीटिकल हिस्ट्री ऑफ अनसियन्ट इंडिया, पृ. 526) के मत में शकस्तान ईरान में स्थित था और शकवंशीय चष्टन और रुद्रदामन के पूर्व पुरुष गुजरात-काठियावाड़ में इसी स्थान से आकर बसे थे.

शकों का उल्लेख रामायण ('तैरासीत् संवृताभूमि: शकैर्यवनमिश्रितै:' बालकांड 54,21; 'कांबोजयवनां श्चैव-शकानांपत्तनानिच' किष्किंधा 23,12 महाभारत ('पहलवान् बर्बरांश्चैव किरातान् यवनाञ्छकान्' सभापर्व 32,17); मनुस्मृति (पौण्ड्रकाश्चौड्रद्रविड़ा:कांबोजा यवना: शका:"' 10,44 तथा महाभाष्य (देखें इंडियन एंटिक्ववेरी 1857,पृ.244) आदि ग्रंथों में है.

Distribution in Punjab

This Gotra is found among Sikh Jats in Punjab and also among some Khatri families of Yamunanagar in Haryana.

Distribution in Pakistan

According to 1911 census the Babbar were the principal Agricultural Muslim Jat clan in Pakistan:

The Baloch tribe Babbar are settled in Sindh, Balochistan and Dera Ghazi Khan division of Punjab.[36]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. ब-33
  2. ↑ O.S.Tugania:Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu,p.51,s.n. 1665
  3. ↑ B S Dahiya:Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India, p.236, s.n.10
  4. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. ब-23
  5. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. ब-33
  6. ↑ O.S.Tugania:Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu,p.51,s.n. 1715
  7. ↑ A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II/J,p.375-376
  8. ↑ Sindh, and the Races that Inhabit the Valley of the Indus By Sir Richard Francis Burton
  9. ↑ Tarikh-E-Mazhar ShahJahani By Yusuf Mirak (1634)
  10. ↑ An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan, H. W. Bellew, p.46
  11. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV, pp.341-342
  12. ↑ Arthashastra, pt. p. 179 (Ganpati Shastri edition)
  13. ↑ Bhim Singh Dahiya:Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India,p.245, s.n.5.
  14. ↑ سسئي پنهون مرتب ڊاڪٽر نبي بخش بلوچ
  15. ↑ An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan By Henry Walter Bellew
  16. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.62
  17. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.509
  18. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.511
  19. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.503
  20. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.62
  21. ↑ A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II/J,p.375-376
  22. ↑ An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan, H. W. Bellew, p.46
  23. ↑ An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan, H. W. Bellew, p.47
  24. ↑ A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II/B ,p.31
  25. ↑ Balochistan Through Ages Vol 2 by Muhammad Yusuf Mujahid
  26. ↑ Tareekh Tahiri Nisyani (Tareekh Thatha) Farsi by Muhammad Tahir Nisyani
  27. ↑ سید محمد معصوم بکری تاریخ معصومی تاریخ سند
  28. ↑ A Gazetteer of the Province of Sindh
  29. ↑ Tarikh E Mazhar Shahjahani (1634) By Mir Yusuf Mirak
  30. ↑ ततः सागरकुक्षिस्दान मलेच्छान परमदारुणान, पह्लवान बर्बरांश चैव तान सर्वान अनयथ वशम (II.29.15)
  31. ↑ सागरानूपगांश चैव ये च पत्तनवासिनः, सिंहलान बर्बरान मलेच्छान ये च जाङ्गलवासिनः (III.48.19)
  32. ↑ कच्छा गॊपाल कच्छाश च लाङ्गलाः परवल्लकाः, किराता बर्बराः सिद्धा विदेहास ताम्रलिङ्गकाः (VI.10.55)
  33. ↑ उत्तरा पदजन्मानः कीर्तयिष्यामि तान अपि, यौन काम्बॊजगान्धाराः किराता बर्बरैः सह (XII.200.40)
  34. ↑ Parva Chapter 252]
  35. ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.886
  36. ↑ Baluchistan District Gazetteer Series Sibi District Text Vol Iii 1907

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