Janjgir-Champa

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Author: Laxman Burdak IFS (R)
Map of Janjgir-Champa district

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Janjgir-Champa (जांजगीर चांपा) is a district in Chhattisgarh. The district headquarters of the district Janjgir–Champa is Janjgir, the city of Maharaja Jajawalya Dev of the Kalachuri dynasty.

Variants

Location

Tahsils in Janjgir-Champa district

Jat Gotras Namesake

Given below is partial list of the peoples or places in Janjgir-Champa district of Chhattisgarh, which have phonetic similarity with Jat clans or Jat Places. In list below those on the left are Jat clans (or Jat Places) and on right are people or place names in Janjgir-Champa District. Such a similarity is probably due to the fact that Nagavanshi Jats had been rulers of this area in antiquity, prior to arrival of Kalachuris, as is proved by Inscriptions found in this region. There is further need to establish any inter-connection.

  • Bal (Jat clan) = Bhujabala, the lord of Subarnapura, Orissa. Mentioned in verse-6 of Kharod stone Inscription of Ratnadeva II : Chedi year 933 (1181 AD).....(V.6) His son was the king Jâjalladëva (जाजल्लदेव) (I), who, by the might of his arms, deprived Bhujabala (भुजबल), the lord of Suvarnapura (सुवर्णपुर), of his power in a hostile encounter. [5]


  • Dhur (Jat clan) = Dhurjati. Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions that Brahmadeva, a feudatory of Kalachuri king Prithvideva II, ....constructed a temple of Dhurjati (Siva) at Mallâla and excavated a tank, evidently at the same place. The religions merit of the former he assigned to his lord, Prithvideva. Besides these, he built ten shrines of Tryambaka (Siva) and dug two lotus-ponds at some place, the name of which is lost. (p.503)....Durjati is mentioned in Verse-23... (V. 23) In this Mallâla, which lenders the circle of regions fragrant with abundant [full-blown] lotuses, he constructed a temple of Dhûrjati (Siva) while like lavala flowers and (distinguished) by these banners set in motion by wind, which remove the perspiration, caused by fatigue, of the horses of the sun (p.510) .....Dhurjati is again mentioned in verse-33....(V. 33) He constructed at Nârâyanapura a temple of Dhûrjati (Siva), white like the moon, which with its flags scrapes the sky.[19]
  • Garolia (Jat clan) = Girahulî (गिरहुली) village in Janjgir Champa district, mentioned in (V.37) p.642 of Kharod stone Inscription of Ratnadeva II : Chedi year 933 (1181 AD).... (V.37) He (Ratnadeva II) excavated a tank with blooming lotuses in the village Tipuruga (तिपुरुग) and a large lotus-pool in the village Girahulî (गिरहुली). [20]
  • Goth (Jat clan) = Gôthâlî (गौठाली). Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions that Brahmadeva constructed a tank at the village Gôthâlî (गौठाली). (V. 32) At the village named Gôthâlî he made a pleasant tank which is occupied by crowds of fishes as heaven is by gods. (p.510). [24]


  • Jandran = Jandera (जण्डेरा) = Jondhra. Jondhra is a village in Masturi tahail of Bilaspur district in Chhattisgarh. Jandera is mentioned in Verse-26 of Amoda Plates Of Jajalladeva II - (Kalachuri) Year 919 (=1167 AD)....(V. 26) Dharmatâja, the son of the illustrious Vatsarâja (and) the owner of (the village) Jandera, who is to the Vâstavya family what the sun is to a cluster of day-lotuses and who is to the crowd of hostile warriors as fire is to fuel, verily wrote (on these plates of) copper here. [29]
  • Jat = Jateshvara (जटेश्वर). Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions Jateshvara (जटेश्वर) in verse-16 ....(V. 16) In the fight, in which the strokes of his (Brahmadeva, a feudatory of Kalachuri king Prithvideva II) creeper-like sword appeared like (flashes of) lighting and in-which it was difficult to move about on account of multitudes of streams of blood gushing forth from the necks of crowds of wrathful foes, he having attacked the hostile king Jateshvara (जटेश्वर) ...(p. 509)....The point of historical interest mentioned in the extant portion is that he (Brahmadeva) {Brahmadeva (L.11) was the foremost of the feudatories of the contemporary Kalachuri king of Ratanpur (v. 11).} obtained a victory over Jatesvara (जटेश्वर) (L.16) who is evidently identical with the homonymous son of Anantavarman Chôdaganga. We are next told that Prithvïdêva, the lord of Kôsala, called him from the Talahari-mandala, and entrusting the government of his country to him, obtained peace of mind. This Prithvideva is evidently the second prince of that name in the Kalachuri dynasty of Ratanpur. [32]
  • Jat = Jatesvara, the son of Chôdaganga, ruler of Kalinga country mentioned in verse-8 and 9 of Kharod stone Inscription of Ratnadeva II : Chedi year 933 (1181 AD)..... (V.8) He (Ratnadëva II) in battle deprived the king Chôdaganga (चोडगंग), the ruler of the Kalinga (कलिंग) country, the lord of elephants (and) the father of Jatēśvara (जटेश्वर), of his gold, horses and elephants.....(V.9) From him was (born) Prithvïdëva (पृथ्वीदेव) (II), by the mass of the radiance of jewels shining in the hair of whose head, the two lotus-like feet of the lord of Umâ were reddened. Being vanquished by him with the prowess of his arms, the king Jatësvara (जटेश्वर) was laid low on the ground .... among the prisoners dwelling in his jail. [33]
  • Jati (Jat clan) = Dhurjati. Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions that Brahmadeva, a feudatory of Kalachuri king Prithvideva II, ....constructed a temple of Dhurjati (Siva) at Mallâla and excavated a tank, evidently at the same place. The religions merit of the former he assigned to his lord, Prithvideva. Besides these, he built ten shrines of Tryambaka (Siva) and dug two lotus-ponds at some place, the name of which is lost. (p.503)....Durjati is mentioned in Verse-23... (V. 23) In this Mallâla, which lenders the circle of regions fragrant with abundant [full-blown] lotuses, he constructed a temple of Dhûrjati (Siva) while like lavala flowers and (distinguished) by these banners set in motion by wind, which remove the perspiration, caused by fatigue, of the horses of the sun (p.510) .....Dhurjati is again mentioned in verse-33....(V. 33) He constructed at Nârâyanapura a temple of Dhûrjati (Siva), white like the moon, which with its flags scrapes the sky.[34]
  • Jatu (जाटू) (Jat clan) - Jatu is used for Jatrana Jats. Jatu is mentioned as engraver here in verse-43 of Kharod stone Inscription of Ratnadeva II : Chedi year 933 (1181 AD)....(V.43) He himself, eagerly, wrote it in beautiful letters resembling pearls. It was incised by (the artisan) named Jâtû (जाटू) who is distinguished for his knowledge of sculpture.[35]
  • Malla (Jat clan) = Mallâla . Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions that Brahmadeva, a feudatory of Kalachuri king Prithvideva II, ....constructed a temple of Dhurjati (Siva) at Mallâla and excavated a tank, evidently at the same place. The religions merit of the former he assigned to his lord, Prithvideva. Besides these, he built ten shrines of Tryambaka (Siva) and dug two lotus-ponds at some place, the name of which is lost. (p.503)[49]
  • Naga (Jat clan) = Naga. Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions that Brahmadeva, a feudatory of Kalachuri king Prithvideva II, lives in the Company of the best of Nâga princes in verse-13.... (V. 13)…… like the man-lion, he was the best of men, like Achyuta (Vishnu) wielding his uplifted discus, he leads a victorious army , like Vishnu who is fond of the bird (Garuda) and reclines on the best of serpents, he is fond of the Brahmanas and lives in the Company of the best of Nâga princes. (p. 509)[50]
  • Nalla (Jat clan) = Nonalla (नोन्नला) mentioned in V.12 of (p.408) of Amoda Plates Of Prithvideva I (Kalachuri) Year 831 (=1079 AD).[51] ....(V. 12) (His wife) named Nônnala (नोन्नला) was dear to him as valour is to a brave person. She was the daughter of Vajuvarman, the lord of the Kômô-mandala (कोमो-मण्डल)


  • Sarali (Jat clan) = Sirli village in Pamgarh tahsil of Janjgir-Champa district in Chhattisgarh. Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Jajalladeva I - (Kalachuri) Year 866 (=1114 AD) mentions a place Siruli (सिरुली) in Verse.30. Sirulî, which was donated to the temple in Jâjallapura, is probably represented by Sirli, 8 m south-west of Jânjgir (p.411).[60]
  • Sheshma (Jat clan) = Shesha. Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163) mentions Shesha in verse-4. ...(V. 4) May that lord of serpents Shesha grant the happiness of the worlds ! — (he) on whose lap there sleeps for a long time Nârâyana, in the unique cavity of whose belly as in a cottage there rests the universe and whose feet are caressed by the lotus-like hands of Lakshmi, and on account of the precious stones in whose numerous hoods the ocean came to be the store of jewels! (p.5o8)[61]


  • Sonania (Jat clan) = Sonadah is a village in tahsil Champa of Janjgir-Champa district in Chhattisgarh. Sēṇāḍu (सेणाडु)/Sënâdu/Senadu (सेणाडु) of Kharod stone Inscription of Ratnadeva II : Chedi year 933 (1181 AD). [65]
  • Talan (Jat clan) = Talahari (तलहारी) mentioned in verse-5 of Ratanpur Stone Inscription Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 915 (=1163)....(V. 5) This famous province (mandala) of Talahâri is the ornament of the earth — which is surrounded on all sides by tanks with full-blown lotuses and humming bees and is adorned with gardens which appear beautiful with plantain trees shining [in the groves of mangoes and other trees] and to which the god of love is attracted by the excessive warbling of cuckoos. (p.5o8)[66]
  • Takaria (Jat clan) = Takari (टकारी). Takari (टकारी) village is mentioned in Amoda Plate (First Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 900 (=1149 AD). Takari is the village from where the father of donee migrated, which is probably identical with Takkârikâ, Takkarika, Takkâri or Tarkâri, mentioned in several grants as the original home of Brâhmana donees. In one of them it is said to be situated in the Madhyadesha. There is a village of that name, 16 m north-west of Gayâ.[67] [68] Dr Naval Viyogi[69] mentions that in mediaeval period there was Bhatt village named Takkarika in the central province. Chandarvardai poet and bard of Rajputana and Muslim historians have given description of their royal family.
  • Takka (Jat clan) = Takari (टकारी). Takari (टकारी) village is mentioned in Amoda Plate (First Set) Of Prithvideva II - (Kalachuri) Year 900 (=1149 AD). Takari is the village from where the father of donee migrated, which is probably identical with Takkârikâ, Takkarika, Takkâri or Tarkâri, mentioned in several grants as the original home of Brâhmana donees. In one of them it is said to be situated in the Madhyadesha. There is a village of that name, 16 m north-west of Gayâ.[70] [71] Dr Naval Viyogi[72] mentions that in mediaeval period there was Bhatt village named Takkarika in the central province. Chandarvardai poet and bard of Rajputana and Muslim historians have given description of their royal family.



History

Janjgir-Champa district was established on 25 May 1998. District Janjgir-Champa is situated in the center of Chhattisgarh and so, it is considered as Heart of Chhattisgarh. District Headquarters, Janjgir, of the district Janjgir-Champa, is the city of Maharaja Jajawalya Dev of Kalchuri dynasty. Janjgir-Champa district is a major producer of foodgrains in Chhattisgarh state. The Vishnu Mandir of Janjgir district reflects the golden past of this district. The Vishnu Mandir is an ancient artistic sample of Vaishnav community.

जांजगीर-चाम्पा

जांजगीर-चाम्पा ज़िला भारत के छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य का एक ज़िला है। ज़िले का मुख्यालय जांजगीर है जांजगीर चांपा को किसानों का नगर के रूप में कहा जाता है और छत्तीसगढ़ में सबसे ज्यादा धान उत्पादन जांजगीर-चांपा जिले में ही किया जाता है और इसी के कारण छत्तीसगढ़ को धान का कटोरा भी कहा जाता है राज्य के मध्य में होने के कारण इसे छत्तीसगढ़ के ह्रदय रूप में कहा जाता है

प्रमुख नगर - अकलतरा, जांजगीर, चांपा, नैला, शिवरीनारायण, राहौद, खरौद, पामगढ़,

विधानसभा (03) - अकलतरा(33), जांजगीर चांपा(34), पामगढ़(38),

तहसील (08) - अकलतरा, बलौदा, पामगढ़, जांजगीर, चांपा, नवागढ़, शिवरीनारायण, सारागांव

नदियां (04) - महानदी, शिवनाथ नदी, लीलागर नदी, हसदेव नदी

नगर पालिका (03) - अकलतरा, जांजगीर नैला, चांपा

नगर पंचायत (07) - पामगढ़, राहौद, खरौद, शिवरीनारायण, नवागढ़, सारागांव, बलौदा

विकास खण्ड (05) - बलौदा, अकलतरा, पामगढ़, नवागढ़, बम्हनीडीह

मुख्य आकर्षण

विष्णु मन्दिर जांजगीर

विष्णु मन्दिर: विष्णु मन्दिर को नकटा मन्दिर के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। इसका निर्माण हैहयवंशी (कल्चुरी) शासकों ने 12वीं शताब्दी में कराया था। इसके पास ही भीमा तालाब है, जो बहुत खूबसूरत है और पर्यटकों को बहुत पसंद आता है। मन्दिर का निर्माण दो भागों में शुरू किया गया था, लेकिन कोई भी भाग पूरा नहीं हो पाया। इसलिए यह मन्दिर आज भी अधूरा पड़ा हुआ है। मन्दिर की दिवारों पर देवताओं, गन्धर्वो और किन्नरों के सुन्दर चित्र बने हुए हैं, जो पर्यटकों को बहुत पसंद आते हैं।

पीथमपुर शिव मन्दिर: हासदेव नदी के तट पर स्थित पीतमपुर शिव मन्दिर को कालेश्वरनाथ मन्दिर के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। हर वर्ष महाशिवरात्रि को यहां पर दस दिनों के लिए मेले का आयोजन भी किया जाता है। इस मेले में स्थानीय लोगों के साथ पर्यटक भी बड़े उत्साह से भाग लेते हैं। महाशिवरात्रि के अलावा रंगपंचमी के दिन यहां पर भगवान शिव का विवाह भी रचाया जाता है, जिसमें नागा साधु बढ़-चढ़ कर हिस्सा लेते हैं।

शिवनारायण मन्दिर: महानदी के तट पर बसे शिवरीनारायण नगर में स्थित लक्ष्मीनारायण मन्दिर बहुत खूबसूरत है। इसका निर्माण हेहे वंश के शासकों ने 11वीं शताब्दी में कराया था। हिन्दु कथाओं के अनुसार लक्ष्मीनारायण मन्दिर के पास ही शबरी आश्रम स्थित है। इस मन्दिर का निर्माण वैष्णव शैली में बड़ी खूबसूरती के साथ किया गया है। माघ पूर्णिमा के दिन यहां पर भव्य मेले का आयोजन भी किया जाता है। इस मेले में भाग लेने के लिए अनेक पर्यटक यहां आते हैं।

लक्ष्मणेश्वर मन्दिर: लक्ष्मणोश्वर मन्दिर खरौद, जांजगीर के प्रमुख मन्दिरों में से एक है। हिन्दु पौराणिक कथाओं के अनुसार इस मन्दिर का निर्माण भगवान राम के छोटे भाई लक्ष्मण ने किया था। इस मन्दिर के प्रति स्थानीय लोगों में बड़ी है और वह पूजा करने के लिए प्रतिदिन यहां आते हैं।

माँ मड़वारानी मन्दिर: जांजगीर नगर के हृदय स्थल चंदनिया पारा में तालाब किनारे विराजित है मां मड़वारानी। मोहल्लेवासियों के दिन की शुरूवात मां मड़वारानी के दर्शन से होती है वहीं यहां से गुजरने वाले हर किसी का सिर अनायास ही माता के दर्शन कर झुक जाते हैं। स्थानीय निवासियों का कहना है कि सच्चे मन से माता से जो भी मांगा जाये माता जरूर पूरा करती है। मंदिर परिसर में ही हनुमान जी की मूर्ति तथा शंकर भगवान का शिवलिंग भी है। मां मड़वारानी की ख्याति क्षेत्र में धीरे धीरे फैल रही है। यादव बाहुल्य इलाका होने की वजह से यहां की रावत नाच टीम अपने नृत्य की शुरूवात जहां इस मंदिर से करती है वहीं अब तो जांजगीर की एक बड़ी आबादी विवाह में चूल माटी एवं देवतला जैसे मांगलिक कार्य यहीं करती है। नवरात्रि के दोनों पर्वो में मंदिर का रंग रोंगन कर झालरों से सजाया जाता है। क्वांर नवरात्रि में विगत 15 से भी ज्यादा वर्षो से मां दुर्गा की प्रतिमा स्थापित की जाती है वहीं चैत्र नवरात्रि में धृत एवं तेल ज्योति कलश की स्थापना की जाती है जिसमें दूर दूर से लोग मनोकामना ज्योति कलश की स्थापना करवाते हैं।

नहरिया बाबा मंदिर: जांजगीर नैला रेल्वे स्टेशन के समीप यह मंदिर पिछले कुछ समय से लोगों के आस्था का प्रमुख केन्द्र बना हुआ है। यहा हनुमान जी की प्रतिमा है साथ ही साथ शनि देव, शीतला माता, शंकर, राम जानकी का भी मंदिर है।

माँड नदी

माँड नदी: सरगुजा जिले के मैनपाट से निकलकर यह रायगढ़, सरगुजा, जांजगीर जिलों में बहती हुई चन्द्रपुर (जिला सक्ती, छत्तीसगढ़) के निकट महानदी में मिल जाती है । रायगढ़ जिले में इसकी लम्बाई 174 किमी. तथा अपवाह क्षेत्र 4.033 वर्ग किमी. है।[82]

Notable persons

External links

References

  1. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401
  2. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  3. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  4. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.419-422
  5. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  6. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  7. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  8. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  9. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.519-522
  10. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  11. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  12. ↑ orpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 495-501
  13. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.528-533
  14. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  15. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  16. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  17. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.443-446
  18. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  19. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  20. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  21. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  22. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  23. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  24. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  25. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  26. ↑ orpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 495-501
  27. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  28. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 491-495
  29. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.528-533
  30. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  31. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.423-429
  32. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  33. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  34. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  35. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  36. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  37. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  38. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  39. ↑ https://puratattva.in/kharod-the-village-of-khara-dushana/
  40. ↑ https://puratattva.in/kharod-the-village-of-khara-dushana/
  41. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  42. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  43. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  44. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  45. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  46. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  47. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.430
  48. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p. 512-518
  49. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  50. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  51. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  52. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  53. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  54. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.519-522
  55. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.519-522
  56. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  57. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  58. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.423-429
  59. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.582-584
  60. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.409-417
  61. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  62. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. स-82
  63. ↑ O.S.Tugania:Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu,p.63,s.n. 2534
  64. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  65. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  66. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.501-511
  67. ↑ Ep Ind , Vol XXI, p. 263
  68. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  69. ↑ Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, their Origin and History, P-148
  70. ↑ Ep Ind , Vol XXI, p. 263
  71. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 474-478
  72. ↑ Nagas, the Ancient Rulers of India, their Origin and History, P-148
  73. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p.401-409
  74. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p. 512-518
  75. ↑ Dr Vinita Naik:Agharia Kshatriya, p. 68
  76. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  77. ↑ Ep Ind. Vol XXIII, p.120
  78. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1955, p. 463-473
  79. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.533-543
  80. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.626-631
  81. ↑ Corpus Inscriptionium Indicarium Vol IV Part 2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, 1905, p.626-631
  82. ↑ छत्तीसगढ़ में नदियाँ

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