Rad

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Baldev Ram Mirdha

Rahar (राड़)[1] Rahar/Raher (राहड़)[2] Rad (राड़) Rahad (राहड़) [3]Rar (राड़) Radh (राढ़)[4] Riyad (रियाड़)[5] Riyar (रियाड़) [6]Riar (रिआर[7]) is Gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Pakistan. Rahar clan is found in Northern India.[8] Also found in US, England, Scotland, Germany Austria.

Origin of name

Jat Gotras Namesake

Jat Gotras Namesake

Mention by Pliny

Pliny[13] mentions ' The Ganges'....The last nation situate on the banks of the Ganges is that of the Gangarides6 Calingæ; the city where their king dwells has the name of Protalis.7 (19.) This king has sixty thousand foot-soldiers, one thousand horse, and seven hundred elephants, always caparisoned ready for battle.

6 The wide diffusion of the Calingæ and their close connection with the Gangaridæ, are shown by the fact that Pliny here calls them "Calingæ; Gangarides," and mentions the Modogalingæ on a large island in the Ganges, and the Maccocalingæ on the upper course of that river. See note 43, p. 42.

7 Called Parthalis in most of the editions.

Mention by Pliny

Pliny [14] mentions Arabia..... Next comes a town, fourteen miles distant, called Marippa, and belonging to the Palamaces, a place by no means to be overlooked, and then Carnon. The Rhadamæi also—these too are supposed to derive their origin52 from Rhadamanthus, the brother of Minos—the Homeritæ53, with their city of Masala54, the Hamirei, the Gedranitæ, the Amphyræ,...

52 A story as probable, Hardouin observes, as that about the descendants of Minos.

53 The Arabs of Yemen, known in Oriental history by the name of Himyari, were called by the Greeks Homeritæ.

54 An inland city, called Masthala by Ptolemy.

Mention by Pliny

Pliny[15] mentions Ethiopia....On leaving Syene1, and taking first the Arabian side, we find the nation of the Catadupi, then the Syenitæ, and the town of Tacompsos2, by some called Thatice, as also Aramasos, Sesamos, Sanduma, Masindomacam, Arabeta and Boggia, Leupitorga, Tantarene, Mecindita, Noa, Gloploa, Gystate, Megada, Lea, Renni, Nups, Direa, Patiga, Bacata, Dumana, Rhadata, at which place a golden cat was worshipped as a god, Boron, in the interior, and Mallos, near Meroë; this is the account given by Bion.

1 As to Syene and the Catadupi, see B. v. c. 10.

2 This place was also called in later times Contrapselcis. It was situate in the Dodecaschœnus, the part of Æthiopia immediately above Egypt, on an island near the eastern bank of the river, a little above Pselcis, which stood on the opposite bank. It has been suggested that this may have been the modern island of Derar. The other places do not appear to have been identified, and, in fact, in no two of the MSS. do the names appear to agree.

Jat clans mentioned by Megasthenes

Megasthenes also described India's caste system and a number of clans out of these some have been identified with Jat clans by the Jat historians. Megasthenes has mentioned a large number of Jat clans. It seems that the Greeks added 'i' to names which had an 'i' ending. Identified probable Jat clans have been provided with active link within brackets.

Jat clans as described by Megasthenes
Location Jat clans Information
3. Ganges The Mandei (Munda/Manda), and the Malli (Malli), the Gangarides (Ghangas+Rad), the Calingae (Kalinga), the Prasii (Magadha), the Modogalingae The tribes called Calingae (Kalinga) are nearest the sea, and higher up are the Mandei (Munda/Manda), and the Malli in whose, country is Mount Mallus, the boundary of all that district being the Ganges.

The royal city of the Calingae (Kalinga) is called Parthalis. Over their king 60,000 foot-soldiers, 1,000 horsemen, 700 elephants keep watch and ward in "procinct of war. There is a very large island in the Ganges which is inhabited by a single tribe Modogalingae

In Mahavansa

Mahavansa/Chapter 21 tells ...Mahäsiva's younger brother, Suratissa, reigned after his death ten years, zealously mindful of meritorious works. In the southern quarter (of the city) he founded the Nagarangana-vihara, in the eastern quarter the vibära (called) Hatthikkhandha and the Gonnagirika (vihara) on the Vangutrara-mountain the (vihära) named Pacinapabbata and near Raheraka the (vihära) Kolambahalaka; at the foot of the Arittha (mountain) the Makulaka (vihära), to the east the Acchagallaka (vihara), but the Girinelavahanaka (vihara) to the north of Kandanagara; these and other pleasing viharas, in number five hundred, did the lord of the earth build on this and the further bank of the river, here and there in the island of Lanka, before and while he reigned, during the period of sixty years, piously and justly, devoted to the three gems. Suvannapindatissa was his name before his reign, but he was named Süratissa after the beginning of the reign.

In Rajatarangini

Rajatarangini[16] tells us that ....Radda (b. ? - r.1111 AD) (रड़्ड़) of Lohara family was the King of Kashmir in 1111 AD for a very short period. Uchchala was killed by a revolt of servants and in their presence. Raḍḍa became king for a short time. He was killed by Garga and Salhana step brother of Radda became king.

For detailed history of Radda see - Radda.

It is very likely that King Radda (रड़्ड़) may have given name to Rad (राड़) clan (Radda→Rad) as we get Jat (जाट) from Jatta (जट्ट) in Sanskrit.

Rads in Sindh

Dr Pema Ram writes that after the invasion of Alexander in 326 BC, the Jats of Sindh and Punjab migrated to Haryana & Rajasthan. They built tanks, wells and Bawadis near their habitations. The tribes migrated were: Shivis, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Madras etc. The Shivi tribe which came from Ravi and Beas Rivers founded towns like Sheo, Sojat, Siwana, Shergarh, Shivganj etc. This area was adjoining to Sindh and mainly inhabited by Jats. The Jats of Gotra Rad and Kath came to Marwar. Kath came from Ravi River.[17]


Bhim Singh Dahiya[18] writes that The first war that these Jats had to fight with the rising power of Islam was in 654/655 A.D. only ten years after the visit of Hiuen-Tsang.

[p.223]: It was beaten back. Another war and defeat of the invaders is noted from Kholau-Sul-ul-Akbar.[19] Obaidullah, Governor of Seistan, was ordered by his superior, Hejauge, ruler of Khorasan, to invade Kabul. The ruler of Kabul is named as Retpeil (Ratha Pal ?). The war was fought in 697 A.D. and Rath Pal, "artfully retiring, drew the Mohammedan army into the defiles, and blocking up the rear, cut off their retreat, and Obaidullah was compelled to purchase his liberation by the payment of seven hundred thousand dirhams". The repeated attacks of the Arabs were fought back; and when it became necessary to solicit help, they found that their traditional and nearest helper, viz., Iran, was already under the Arabs and therefore any help from these quarters was out of question. The only other source was Chinese and it is to the Chinese that the Jats sent repeated embassies up to the year 755 A.D. But no help came and they had to fight with their own resources. The Indian nation shall be indebted to these Jats for stopping the Arabs from entering Kabul from 654 to 870 A.D. In 870/71 A.D. the Arab General, Yaqubb-in-Laith overthrew this kingdom of Kabul by treachery.

Rads in Rajasthan

The Malani region was known as Radadhara (राड़धरा) in ancient times. Probably this region gets name after Rads.

Manana is considered to be the place of origin of Rad Gotra. From here they have spread throughout in Rajasthan. The ancestors of Rads of Kuchera, the famous Mirdhas, have migrated from Manana. Three ancestor brothers of Mirdhas developed differences with Jagirdar of the area and left it. One of the brothers was named Mana Rad moved from here and settled in Kuchera. He was very famous and it is believed that the Delhi emperor knew him personally. It is clear from the following verse in Rajasthani Language[20]:

मानो राड़ मनाणे वालो, जिणने जाणे दिल्ली वालो
Meaning - Mana Rad of Manana village is known to Delhi Rulers.

गणेश बेरवाल[21] ने लिखा है कि राजगढ़ के बारे में सरकारी गज़ट में अंकित है कि यह महान थार रेगिस्तान का गेट है, जहां से होकर दिल्ली से सिंध तक के काफिले गुजरते हैं। 1620 ई. के पहले यहाँ प्रजातांत्रिक गणों की व्यवस्था थी जिसमें भामू, डुडी, झाझरिया, मलिक, पूनीयां, राड व सर्वाग गणतांत्रिक शासक थे । जैतपुर पूनीया गाँव था जहां से झासल, भादरा (हनुमानगढ़) तक का बड़ा गण था। जिसका मुख्यलय सिधमुख था। गण में एक ही व्यक्ति सिपाही भी था और किसान भी। लड़ाई होने पर पूरा गण मिलकर लड़ता था। राठोड़ों की नियमित सेना ने इनको गुलाम बनाया।

Rahar's in Punjab

They have brotherhood with Brar as name of both gotra are so similar. As some historians says these both gotra are same but due to Language pronunciation looks different.

Dr Pema Ram writes that after the invasion of Alexander in 326 BC, the Jats of Sind and Punjab migrated to Haryana & Rajasthan. They built tanks, wells and Bawadis near their habitations. The tribes migrated were: Shivis, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Madras etc. The Shivi tribe which came from Ravi and Beas Rivers founded towns like Sheo, Sojat, Siwana, Shergarh, Shivganj etc. This area was adjoining to Sindh and mainly inhabited by Jats. The Jats of Gotra Rad and Kath came to Marwar. Kath came from Ravi River.[22]

The Rarh region

We discuss here the Rarh region to find its links with Rad people of today if any.

James Legge[23] writes about the travels of Fahian and writes that in 412 AD he reached the country of Singhala i.e "The Kingdom of the Lion," or Ceylon. Singhala was the name of after Prince Vijaya from Sinhapura (India), to whom the founding of the kingdom was ascribed. His father was named Singha, “the Lion,” which became the name of the country; — Singhala, or Sinhala Kingdom, “the Country of the Lion.

In this connection We find mention of a region called Rarh in the Sinhala history, which traditionally starts in 543 BCE with the arrival of Prince Vijaya or Singha, a semi-legendary prince who sailed with 700 followers on eight ships 860 nautical miles to Sri Lanka from the southwest coast of what is now the Rarh region that lies between the Chhota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East. [24] He established the Kingdom of Tambapanni, near modern-day Mannar.


According to the linguist Sarkar the Chinese called Rarh as Lati, the Greek as Ganga Ridae and the Aryans as Rāṭṭha. Moreover many Greek, Roman and Egyptian sources use the variations of Gangaridai, Gangaridae, Gangaritai and Gangaridum with the sense of a state, nation or civilisation which existed more or less in the same or a larger extent of Rarh. Megasthenes, Ptolemy, Strabo, Pliny, Arrian, Diodorus Siculus, Quintus Curtius Rufus and Plutarch all wrote about Gangaridae.[25][26][27]

Conclusion

The invasion of Alexander in 326 BC forced Jat clans to the region known to Greeks as Gangaridae and Chines as Rarh region. As stated above historians are not clear about the etymology of Rarh region because they do not have knowledge about Jat clans.

Probably the name to Rarh region was given by the Rad people.

A Nagavanshi King Rattha/Rāṭṭha (राट्ठ) was probably their ancestor in this region.

Probably they came to Rajasthan and Sindh regions in about 540 AD due to the fall of Gupta empire which was considered to be of Dharan Jat clan.

This is the reason that we find mention of many Jat clans in eastern regions like Chhota Nagpur and Orissa.

Villages founded by Rad clan

  • Rahdon Ka Bas (राहड़ो का बास) - village in Jhunjhunu tahsil in Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan.

Distribution in Rajasthan

Villages in Hanumangarh district

Bolanwali, Deidas, Dhaban, Dholipal, Hanumangarh, Maliya Nohar, Kant Jhunjhunu, Kohlan, Ramgarh, Ratanpura, Sangaria,

Villages in Jhunjhunu district

Birol (3), Ladusar, Lutoo (20), Malsisar Jhunjhunu, Meethwas (6), Raharo Ka Bas, Raharo Ki Dhani (Ladusar), Triloka Ka Bas,

Locations in Jaipur city

Ambabari, Murlipura Scheme, Vidyadhar Nagar, Lion's lane,

Villages in Jodhpur district

Bhandu Khurd, Melawas, Nandiya Khurd, Salwa Kalla, Lawera Khurd

Villages in Sikar district

Bairas, Bibipur Chhota, Bidsar, Dantru (3), Dinarpura Sikar (10), Kheri Radan, Laxman Ka Bas, Rar Ki Dhani, Sikar, Sulyawas,

Villages in Chittorgarh district

Murliya,

Villages in Churu district

Anandsinghpura, Chhapar Churu (1), Churu, Alsar, Ghanghu, Heera Ka Bas, Lalgarh, Lambor Bari, Ragha Chhoti, Sadpura, Sadulpur, Vijaipura Churu,

Villages in Nagaur district

Asarwa, Bhadwasi Degana, Bhinchawa, Borwa, Gachhipura, Genana, Indokha Makrana, Indrawad, Jakhera, Kalwa, Katyasani, Kharnal, Kuchera, Kasumbi, Kutiyasani Khurd, Loroli Kalan, Modriya, Rabdiyad, Sindhlas, Shyamgarh

Villages in Tonk district

Morla (1),

Villages in Jalor district

Rado Ki Dhani (t,Sanchore)

Villages in Barmer district

Baytoo[28] Radiya Talar, Radoo (राडू), Rarli,

Villages in Bikaner district

Satasar, Takhatpura,

Villages in Sawai Madhopur district

Kushtla,

Distribution in Haryana

Villages in Fatehabad District

Rahar gotra found in Villages:

Baijalpur, Kirdhan, Pili Mandori,

Villages in Hisar District

Shamsukh, Naloi,

Villages in Bhiwani District

Dhana Narsan, Garwa, Siwara

Villages in Jind District

Jeeta Khed,

Villages in Jhajjar District

Bambulia, Bhadaani, Jhajjar,

Villages in Mahendergarh District

Rarh gotras found in Villages

Chhilro,

Villages in Sirsa District

Chakerian, Phulkan,

Villages in Rohtak District

Rohtak,

Distribution in Punjab

Villages in Fazilka district

Dottaranwali

Distribution in Madhya Pradesh

Villages in Guna district

Chorai,

Villages in Nimach district

Nimach (1), Fatehnagar (1), Palsoda (1), Pipalyavyas (1), Roop Pura (7), Chaplana (1), Khadawda (2),

Villages in Dhar district

Salkanpur Semaliya

Villages in Dewas district

Hatpipalya

Villages in Khargone district

Katkut

Villages in Indore district

Pardeshipura (a locality in Indore city)

Villages in Ratlam district

Jharsandala village is notable for this gotra. Villages in Ratlam district with population of this gotra are:

Bangrod 7, Berchha 1, Damottar 7, Dantodiya 1, Dhamottar 8, Dhaunswas 1, Dheekwa 2, Ghatwas 1, Hanumanpalia 2, Jharsandala 36, Lapatia 1, Panchewa 1, Sinod 1,

Villages in Sehore district

Chhapari Sehore,

Villages in Ujjain district

Bakaniya[29]

Distribution in Maharashtra

Villages in Nasik district

Hatane (हताने)

Villages in Akola district

Murtijapur Akola

Distribution in Pakistan

According to 1911 census the Raad were the principal Muslim Jat clan in:

  • Multan District - Raad (201)

Notable Persons

  • Mohan Jaggathnath Rad -
  • Nathuram Mirdha
  • Baldev Ram Mirdha
  • Ram Niwas Mirdha
  • Raghuvendra Mirdha
  • Dr. Yoganand Shastri Rahad - Speaker and Minister in Delhi Vidhan Sabha
  • Sandeep Rahar- Date of Birth : 4-Oct-1987, Director at Levitate Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Vil - Baijalpur, PO- Baijalpur, Teh.- Bhuna, Distt.- Fatehabad, Present Address : 19, Ram Vihar, NEAR Savera Cement House, Kaimri Road, Hisar. Mob.No. – +91-70907-00000, Email Address : sandeeprahar007@gmail.com, Profession: Web Designer.
  • Poonam Kumar Chaudhary (Rar) - International Shooter from Kanor, Barmer.
  • Prof. D. R. Jat - Principal, Commerce College, Jaipur.
  • Dayanand Rahar - Superintendent : Customs & Central Excise, V&PO - Ladusar, District -Jhunjhunu ,Raj. Present Address : 121, Lion's Lane, Near Hanuman Nagar Extension,Sirsi Road,Jaipur, Phone : 0141-2173647, Mob: 9414507053, Email: dayanandrahar@gmail.com
  • Mangi Lal Choudhary (Rar)- Date of Birth : 1-February-1951, L.I.C OF INDIA, VILL- Katyasani PO- Manji, Teh.- Degana, Distt.- Nagaur, Present Address : 34, AGRASEN NAGAR, NEAR MAHESH NAGAR RLY. PHATAK, JAIPUR. Mob.No. - 9799392573, Resident Phone Number : 0141-2590029, Mobile Number : 9414060029
  • Prof. Dhanna Ram Jat (Rar) - Date of Birth : 3-July-1953, Principal, University Services. VILL. - Genana, Teh.- Ladnun Distt.- Nagaur, Raj. Present Address: A-51, Malviya Nagar (JDA Colony) Jaipur, Resident Phone Number : 0141-2752784, Mobile Number: 9828079357
  • Vinod Kumar Rahar - Date of Birth : 18-April-1984, Assistant Manager Tata Motars Ltd., Present Address : Rahar Sadan,Near Railway Tower, Sadulpur, District-Churu, Rajasthan-331023, Resident Phone Number : 9414986011, Mobile Number : 9212508227, Email Address : mechboy.vinod@gmail.com
  • Mr.Sanjay Singh Rahar - Govt Service, SDO Irrigation Haryana Govt. Karnal, 1, Mall Road, Canal Colony Karnal Haryana, 0184-2255291, 0184-2274718 (PP-990)
  • Col. Balbir Singh (Rad) (Ret.) - From Meethwas , Jhunjhunu, Settled at 72-73, Anandnagar, Sirsi Road, Jaipur, Mob:9649255595
  • Yogesh Rahar -

Gallery of Rad people

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. र-23
  2. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. र-15
  3. ↑ O.S.Tugania:Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu,p.57,s.n. 2138
  4. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. र-24
  5. ↑ History and study of the Jats/Chapter 10
  6. ↑ O.S.Tugania:Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu,p.58,s.n. 2153
  7. ↑ B S Dahiya:Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study), p.242, s.n.194
  8. ↑ An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan, H. W. Bellew, p.122,179
  9. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii),p.319
  10. ↑ Mahendra Singh Arya et al: Adhunik Jat Itihas, p. 278
  11. ↑ The Mahavamsa
  12. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas – The Ancient Rulers of India,pp.285,407
  13. ↑ Natural History by Pliny Book VI/Chapter 22
  14. ↑ Natural History by Pliny Book VI/Chapter 32
  15. ↑ Natural History by Pliny Book VI/Chapter 35
  16. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (ii),p.319
  17. ↑ Dr Pema Ram:Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, p.14
  18. ↑ Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity,pp.222-223
  19. ↑ Col. Tad, op., cit. Vol. II, p. 244.
  20. ↑ Bhagirath Singh Nain: Jat Samaj, Agra, March 2010, p.21
  21. ↑ Ganesh Berwal: 'Jan Jagaran Ke Jan Nayak Kamred Mohar Singh', 2016, ISBN 978.81.926510.7.1, p.2
  22. ↑ Dr Pema Ram:Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, p.14
  23. ↑ A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 37,f.n. 4
  24. ↑ The Mahavamsa
  25. ↑ Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
  26. ↑ Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
  27. ↑ "The Historic State of Gangaridai".
  28. ↑ User:Hrdhaka
  29. ↑ User:Sk56

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